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Fear conditioning and the basolateral amygdala

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Sun, Yajie, Gooch, Helen, Sah, Pankaj·2020·F1000Research
DOI 10.12688/f1000research.21201.1PMC PMC6993823
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Abstract

Fear is a response to impending threat that prepares a subject to make appropriate defensive responses, whether to freeze, fight, or flee to safety. The neural circuits that underpin how subjects learn about cues that signal threat, and make defensive responses, have been studied using Pavlovian fear conditioning in laboratory rodents as well as humans. These studies have established the amygdala as a key player in the circuits that process fear and led to a model where fear learning results from long-term potentiation of inputs that convey information about the conditioned stimulus to the amygdala. In this review, we describe the circuits in the basolateral amygdala that mediate fear learning and its expression as the conditioned response. We argue that while the evidence linking synaptic plasticity in the basolateral amygdala to fear learning is strong, there is still no mechanism that fully explains the changes that underpin fear conditioning.

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Authors
Sun, Y., Gooch, H., & Sah, P.
Affiliations
The University of Queensland (AU)
Corresponding author
Sah, Pankaj
ORCID
Venue
F1000Research
Publisher
F1000 Research Ltd
Published
2020-01-28
Volume
9
Pages
53
ISSN
2046-1402 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.12688/f1000research.21201.1
PMC
PMC6993823
OpenAlex
W3003513079
Cited by
104
References
102
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 7
FWCI
2.22
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • F1000Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • National Health and Medical Research Council
  • Australian Research Council
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Keywords
fear conditioning, basolateral amygdala, fear learning, fear expression, conditioned response, synaptic plasticity, long-term potentiation, threat cues, defensive behavior
MeSH terms
Amygdala, Fear, Humans, Neuronal Plasticity, Long-Term Potentiation, Basolateral Nuclear Complex

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