Fear conditioning induces a lasting potentiation of synaptic currents in vitro
Abstract
The amygdala plays a critical role in the mediation of emotional responses, particularly fear, in both humans and animals. Fear conditioning, a conditioned learning paradigm, has served as a model for emotional learning in animals, and the neuroanatomical circuitry underlying the auditory fear-conditioning paradigm is well characterized. Synaptic transmission in the medial geniculate nucleus (MGN) to lateral nucleus of the amygdala (LA) pathway, a key segment of the auditory fear conditioning circuit, is mediated largely through N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA (such as alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)) glutamate receptors; the potential for neural plasticity in this pathway is suggested by its capacity to support long-term potentiation (LTP). Here we report a long-lasting increase in the synaptic efficacy of the MGN-LA pathway attributable to fear-conditioning itself, rather than an electrically induced model of learning. Fear-conditioned animals show a presynaptic facilitation of AMPA-receptor-mediated transmission, directly measured in vitro with whole-cell recordings in lateral amygdala neurons. These findings represent one of the first in vitro measures of synaptic plasticity resulting from emotional learning by whole animals.
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Fear conditioning produced a presynaptic facilitation of AMPA-receptor-mediated transmission, in vitro.
“Comparable results were reported by McKernan and Shinnick-Gallagher [340], who showed that fear conditioning produced a presynaptic facilitation of AMPA-receptor-mediated transmission, in vitro.”
From The Temporal Dynamics Model of Emotional Memory Processing: A Synthesis on the Neurobiological Basis of Stress-Induced Amnesia, Flashbulb and Traumatic Memories, and the Yerkes-Dodson Law (2007) · cites this paper as McKernan and Shinnick-Gallagher [340]
Processing of sensory information in the BLA results in the formation of associations between neutral predictive stimuli and outcomes of positive or negative valence via Hebbian mechanisms.
“Processing of this sensory information in the BLA results in the formation of associations between neutral predictive stimuli and outcomes of positive or negative valence56 via Hebbian mechanisms57-59.”
From Resolving the neural circuits of anxiety (2015) · cites this paper as [58]
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- Authors
- McKernan, M. G., & Shinnick-Gallagher, P.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (US)
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 1997-12-01
- Volume
- 390
- Issue
- 6660
- Pages
- 607-611
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W1628708546
- Cited by
- 771
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 20.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- fear conditioning, long-term potentiation, synaptic plasticity, medial geniculate body, lateral amygdala, auditory fear conditioning, AMPA receptors, NMDA receptor, presynaptic facilitation, emotional learning, synaptic transmission
- MeSH terms
- Amygdala, Animals, Conditioning, Classical, Fear, Geniculate Bodies, Male, Neurons, Synapses, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Long-Term Potentiation, Receptors, AMPA, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials, Rats
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