Estimated acute effects of ambient ozone and nitrogen dioxide on mortality in the Pearl River Delta of Southern China
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Epidemiologic studies have attributed adverse health effects to air pollution; however, controversy remains regarding the relationship between ambient oxidants [ozone (O₃) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂)] and mortality, especially in Asia. We conducted a four-city time-series study to investigate acute effects of O₃ and NO₂ in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) of southern China, using data from 2006 through 2008. METHODS: We used generalized linear models with Poisson regression incorporating natural spline functions to analyze acute mortality in association with O₃ and NO₂, with PM₁₀ (particulate matter ≤ 10 μm in diameter) included as a major confounder. Effect estimates were determined for individual cities and for the four cities as a whole. We stratified the analysis according to high- and low- exposure periods for O₃. RESULTS: We found consistent positive associations between ambient oxidants and daily mortality across the PRD cities. Overall, 10-μg/m³ increases in average O₃ and NO₂ concentrations over the previous 2 days were associated with 0.81% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63%, 1.00%] and 1.95% (95% CI: 1.62%, 2.29%) increases in total mortality, respectively, with stronger estimated effects for cardiovascular and respiratory mortality. After adjusting for PM₁₀, estimated effects of O₃ on total and cardiovascular mortality were stronger for exposure during high-exposure months (September through November), whereas respiratory mortality was associated with O₃ exposure during nonpeak exposure months only. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest significant acute mortality effects of O₃ and NO₂ in the PRD and strengthen the rationale for further limiting the ambient pollution levels in the area.
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The study found comparable risk estimates for the ozone-mortality relationship compared with other time-series studies with at least three years of data.
“However, we have found comparable risk estimates for ozone-mortality relationship compared with other time-series studies with at least three years of data (Chen et al., 2014; Tao et al., 2011).”
From Acute effect of ozone exposure on daily mortality in seven cities of Jiangsu Province, China: no clear evidence for threshold (2017) · cites this paper as Tao et al., 2011
The study's estimates of the ozone-mortality relationship are generally consistent with previous multicity studies and meta-analyses in China.
“Our estimates of the ozone-mortality relationship are generally consistent with previous multicity studies and meta-analyses in China (Chen et al., 2014; Shang et al., 2013; Tao et al., 2011; Yan et al., 2013).”
From Acute effect of ozone exposure on daily mortality in seven cities of Jiangsu Province, China: no clear evidence for threshold (2017) · cites this paper as Tao et al., 2011
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- Authors
- Tao, Y., Huang, W., Huang, X., Zhong, L., Lu, S.-E., Li, Y., Dai, L., Zhang, Y., & Zhu, T.
- Affiliations
- Peking University (CN)
- Consensus Information Center, Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Hygiene, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Environmental Monitoring Center (CN)
- University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey (US)
- Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Huang, Wei
- Huang, Xiaoliang
- Venue
- Environmental Health Perspectives
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2011-12-08
- Volume
- 120
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 393-398
- ISSN
- 0091-6765 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-9924
- PMC
- PMC3295344
- OpenAlex
- W2012403623
- Cited by
- 190
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 4.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- public-domain
- creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor, 2213 d)
- Locations
- Environmental Health Perspectives (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2008AA062503)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Keywords
- ambient ozone, nitrogen dioxide, acute mortality, air pollution health effects, oxidant exposure, cardiovascular mortality, respiratory mortality, Pearl River Delta
- MeSH terms
- Cardiovascular Diseases, China, Cities, Female, Humans, Male, Nitrogen Dioxide, Oxidants, Photochemical, Ozone, Respiratory Tract Diseases, Time Factors, Linear Models, Particulate Matter
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