Acute Effects of Ozone on Mortality from the “Air Pollution and Health
Abstract
In the Air Pollution and Health: A European Approach (APHEA2) project, the effects of ambient ozone concentrations on mortality were investigated. Data were collected on daily ozone concentrations, the daily number of deaths, confounders, and potential effect modifiers from 23 cities/areas for at least 3 years since 1990. Effect estimates were obtained for each city with city-specific models and were combined using second-stage regression models. No significant effects were observed during the cold half of the year. For the warm season, an increase in the 1-hour ozone concentration by 10 μg/m3 was associated with a 0.33% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.17–0.52) increase in the total daily number of deaths, 0.45% (95% CI, 0.22–0.69) in the number of cardiovascular deaths, and 1.13% (95% CI, 0.62–1.48) in the number of respiratory deaths. The corresponding figures for the 8-hour ozone were similar. The associations with total mortality were independent of SO2 and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm (PM10) but were somewhat confounded by NO2 and CO. Individual city estimates were heterogeneous for total (a higher standardized mortality rate was associated with larger effects) and cardiovascular mortality (larger effects were observed in southern cities). The dose–response curve of ozone effects on total mortality during the summer did not deviate significantly from linearity.
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In APHENA, the first-stage results generally replicated the previous independent analyses by the three groups of investigators.
“In APHENA, the first-stage results generally replicated the previous independent analyses by the three groups of investigators (Bell et al. 2004; Burnett et al. 1998, 2004; Gryparis et al. 2004).”
From Acute effects of ambient ozone on mortality in Europe and North America: results from the APHENA study (2013) · cites this paper as Gryparis et al. 2004
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- Authors
- Gryparis, A., Forsberg, B., Katsouyanni, K., Analitis, A., Touloumi, G., Schwartz, J., Samoli, E., Medina, S., Anderson, H. R., Niciu, E. M., Wichmann, H.-E., Kriz, B., Kosnik, M., Skorkovsky, J., Vonk, J. M., & Dörtbudak, Z.
- Affiliations
- University of London (GB)
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece; Department of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, and Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Paris, France; St. George's Hospital Medical School, University of London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Environmental Health, Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania; GSF, National Research Center for Environment and Health, Munich, Germany; Charles University, Prague; Institute of Hygiene, Teplice, Czech Republic; Institute of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; and Koç University, School of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
- ORCID
- Venue
- American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2004-11
- Volume
- 170
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1080-1087
- ISSN
- 1073-449X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-4970
- OpenAlex
- W2127465067
- Cited by
- 449
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 9.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Keywords
- ozone, air pollution, mortality, cardiovascular mortality, respiratory mortality, dose-response relationship, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter, seasonal variation, urban air quality
- MeSH terms
- Air Pollutants, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cause of Death, Environmental Monitoring, Europe, Female, Humans, Male, Ozone, Registries, Regression Analysis, Respiratory Tract Diseases, Retrospective Studies, Urban Population, Incidence, Confidence Intervals, Odds Ratio, Risk Assessment, Epidemiological Monitoring
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