A Psychoeducational Intervention to Reduce Distress in Hispanic Family Caregivers: Results of a Pilot Study
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of offering a psychoeducational intervention, in a group format, to Hispanic/Latino family caregivers of dementia victims. The final sample size was 70 primary caregivers who volunteered to participate in the study: 43 were in the intervention program and 27 were on a waiting list for 3 months. Pre/post comparisons were made between those participating in the specially designed culturally sensitive 8-week class (that taught several specific cognitive and behavioral skills for coping with the frustrations associated with caregiving) and those who remained on the waiting list for that same time period. Those in the class reported significantly fewer depressive symptoms, and showed a trend for increased control of feelings of anger and frustration, compared to those on the waiting list, who did not improve on any measure. Limitations of the study include lack of random assignment, absence of systematic follow-up, and unavoidable use of measures not designed for, or normed with, Hispanic caregivers. Nevertheless, results support the feasibility of providing “coping classes” (in Spanish) to distressed caregivers, and encourage further research, with more appropriate and sensitive measures, to assist this distressed population in their coping efforts.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer's Caregiver Health project, depression scores were significantly decreased in treatment groups compared with controls in all of the studies and self-efficacy scores were increased.
“depression scores were significantly decreased in treatment groups compared with controls in all of the studies16–19 and self-efficacy scores were increased.18”
The Coping with Caregiving programme was developed in the USA as a group intervention; it is a manual-based psychological intervention delivered in weekly group sessions.
“The Coping with Caregiving programme16,17 was developed in the USA as a group intervention. It is a manual-based, psychological intervention delivered in weekly group sessions.”
Earlier studies of similar interventions in the USA have shown results consistent with ours.
“Earlier studies of similar interventions in the USA have shown results consistent with ours.”
The study from which START was derived used a similar intervention and also alleviated depressive symptoms in carers.
“The study from which we derived START uses a similar intervention and it also alleviated depressive symptoms in carers”
Cites
Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (1975) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 · Cited by 88,282 · see citing works
Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report
Yesavage, J. A., Brink, T. L., Rose, T. L., Lum, O., Huang, V., Adey, M., & Leirer, V. O. (1982) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3956(82)90033-4 · Cited by 15,025 · see citing works
Cross-Cultural Research Methods
Brislin, R. W. (1980) · Environment and Culture · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-0451-5_3 · Cited by 2,067 · see citing works
The experience and expression of anger : Construction and validation of an anger expression scale
Spielberger, C. D. (1985) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 801 · see citing works
Anger control: The development and evaluation of an experimental treatment.
Novaco, R. W. (1975) · Cited by 799 · see citing works
Aranda, M., & Knight, B. G. (1997) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/37.3.342 · Cited by 595 · see citing works
Annual Review of Gerontology and Geriatrics
(1990) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-40455-3 · Cited by 532 · see citing works
Anger and Hostility in Cardiovascular and Behavioral Disorders
Taylor, C. B. (1986) · Psychosomatics · doi:10.1016/s0033-3182(86)72691-1 · Cited by 494 · see citing works
Projections of the Population of the United States, by Age, Sex, and Race: 1983 to 2080.
Spencer, G. (1984) · U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of the Census eBooks · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Cross-cultural research methods.
Matsumoto, D., & van de Vijver, F. J. R. (2012) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/13619-006 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Handbook on Dementia Caregiving: Evidence-Based Interventions for Family Caregivers
Schulz, R. (2000) · Cited by 253 · see citing works
DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AMONG MEXICAN AMERICANS: THE HISPANIC HEALTH AND NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY
Mościcki, E. K., Locke, B. Z., Rae, D. S., & Boyd, J. H. (1989) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115341 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Areán, P. A., & Gallagher-Thompson, D. E. (1996) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.64.5.875 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Self-citationAdolescent Anger Control: Cognitive-Behavioral Techniques
Feindler, E. L., & Ecton, R. B. (1986) · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Depressive symptoms and their correlates among immigrant Mexican women in the United States
Vega, W. A., Kolody, B., Valle, R., et al. (1986) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/0277-9536(86)90037-7 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Gallagher-Thompson, D. E., & DeVries, H. M. (1994) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/34.4.548 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Self-citationEthnocultural Themes in Caregiving to Alzheimer's Disease Patients in Hispanic Families
Henderson, J. N., & Guitierrez-Mayka, M. (1992) · Clinical Gerontologist · doi:10.1300/j018v11n03_05 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Epidemiology of Depression and Dysphoria in an Elderly Hispanic Population Prevalence and Correlates
Kemp, B. J., Staples, F., & Lopez‐Aqueres, W. (1987) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1987.tb02293.x · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Gallagher-Thompson, D. E., Areán, P. A., Coon, D. W., Menéndez, A. G., Takagi, K., Haley, W. E., Argüelles, T., Rubert, M. P., Loewenstein, D., & Szapocznik, J. (2000) · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Self-citationIntroduction: Exploring the Relationships Among Aging, Ethnicity, and Family Dementia Caregiving
Hinton, W. L., Fox, K. R., & Levkoff, S. E. (1999) · Culture Medicine and Psychiatry · doi:10.1023/a:1005514501883 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Caregiving Across Cultures: Working With Dementing Illness And Ethnically Diverse Populations
Valle, R., & Gait, H. C. (1997) · DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Assessing Affect in the Elderly
Gallagher-Thompson, D. E. (1987) · Clinics in Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0749-0690(18)30827-9 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationHispanic caregivers of older adults with dementia: Cultural issues in outreach and intervention
Gallagher-Thompson, D. E., Leary, M. C., Ossinalde, C., Romero, J. J., Wald, M. J., & Fernandez-Gamarra, E. (1997) · Group · doi:10.1007/bf02872747 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationSchlemper, M. S., Hustinx, A., Kooyman, M., et al. (1969) · PubMed · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Culturally adapted mental health intervention: a meta-analytic review
Griner, D., & Smith, T. B. (2006) · Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training · doi:10.1037/0033-3204.43.4.531 · Cited by 1,236 · see citing works
The Case for Cultural Competency in Psychotherapeutic Interventions
Sue, S., Zane, N., Nagayama Hall, G. C., & Berger, L. K. (2009) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.60.110707.163651 · Cited by 662 · see citing works
Dementia care: mental health effects, intervention strategies, and clinical implications
Sörensen, S., Duberstein, P., Gill, D., & Pinquart, M. (2006) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(06)70599-3 · Cited by 396 · see citing works
Selwood, A., Johnston, K., Katona, C., Lyketsos, C., & Livingston, G. (2007) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2006.10.025 · Cited by 342 · see citing works
Coon, D. W., Thompson, L., Steffen, A., Sorocco, K., & Gallagher-Thompson, D. (2003) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/43.5.678 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Self-citationGallagher-Thompson, D., Coon, D. W., Solano, N., Ambler, C., Rabinowitz, Y., & Thompson, L. W. (2003) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/43.4.580 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Self-citationCognitive Behaviour Therapy with Older People
Laidlaw, K., Thompson, L. W., Dick‐Siskin, L., & Gallagher‐Thompson, D. (2003) · doi:10.1002/9780470713402 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Self-citationAdvancement in the maturing science of cultural adaptations of evidence-based interventions.
Chu, J., & Leino, A. (2017) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000145 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Livingston, G., Barber, J., Rapaport, P., Knapp, M., Griffin, M., Romeo, R., King, D., Livingston, D., Lewis-Holmes, E., Mummery, C., et al. (2014) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta18610 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Gallagher-Thompson, D., Gray, H. L., Dupart, T., Jimenez, D., & Thompson, L. W. (2008) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-008-0087-4 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Self-citationFamily carers' distress and abusive behaviour: Longitudinal study
Cooper, C., Blanchard, M., Selwood, A., Walker, Z., & Livingston, G. (2010) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.109.071811 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
James, T., Mukadam, N., Sommerlad, A., Guerra Ceballos, S., & Livingston, G. (2021) · The Lancet Healthy Longevity · doi:10.1016/s2666-7568(21)00001-5 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Salamanca-Sanabria, A., Richards, D., & Timulak, L. (2019) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2018.11.005 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
- Authors
- Gallagher-Thompson, D., Arean, P., Rivera, P., & Thompson, L. W.
- Affiliations
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System (US)
- Florida State University (US)
- Venue
- Clinical Gerontologist
- Publisher
- The Haworth Press
- Published
- 2001-09-26
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 17-32
- ISSN
- 0731-7115 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-2301
- OpenAlex
- W1795948793
- Cited by
- 96
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Gerontologist (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Pharmacy › Nursing care and research
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving
- Keywords
- psychoeducational intervention, family caregivers, Hispanic caregivers, dementia caregiving, caregiver distress, depressive symptoms, culturally sensitive interventions, Spanish-language intervention, feasibility
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
