Change in indices of distress among Latino and Anglo female caregivers of elderly relatives with dementia: site-specific results from the REACH national collaborative study
Abstract
PURPOSE: Few empirical studies have compared the efficacy between psychoeducational (skill-building) approaches for reducing caregivers' psychological distress and interventions modeled after typical community-based support groups. We compare the impact of two distinct interventions on Anglo and Latino caregivers of elderly relatives with dementia. DESIGN AND METHODS: The change from preassessment to postassessment (baseline to 3 months) for 213 female caregivers (122 Anglo and 91 Latino) is presented. They were seen weekly for 10 weeks in either the Coping With Caregiving psychoeducational program (instruction and practice in small groups to learn specific cognitive and behavioral skills) or in the Enhanced Support Group condition (guided discussion and empathic listening to develop reciprocal support within the group). Both programs were tailored to be sensitive to the cultural concerns of Anglo and Latino caregivers, and they were delivered in either English or Spanish by trained interventionists. RESULTS: Overall, participants in the Coping With Caregiving condition reported a significant reduction in depressive symptoms, increased use of adaptive coping strategies, and a trend toward decreased use of negative coping strategies when compared with those in the Enhanced Support Group condition. Results were similar for both ethnic groups: there were no main effects for ethnicity, and no significant ethnicity by treatment interaction effects. IMPLICATIONS: This study provides empirical support that female caregivers benefit more from a skill-building approach to managing their distress than from support group membership alone. We find it very encouraging that the Latino caregivers responded well on key outcome variables, suggesting that Latinos will participate in clinical research and will benefit from their involvement when services are provided to meet their specific needs.
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In the Resources for Enhancing Alzheimer's Caregiver Health project, depression scores were significantly decreased in treatment groups compared with controls in all of the studies and self-efficacy scores were increased.
“depression scores were significantly decreased in treatment groups compared with controls in all of the studies16–19 and self-efficacy scores were increased.18”
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- Authors
- Gallagher-Thompson, D., Coon, D. W., Solano, N., Ambler, C., Rabinowitz, Y., & Thompson, L. W.
- Affiliations
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System (US)
- Institute on Aging (US)
- Kaiser Permanente (US)
- Palo Alto University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gallagher-Thompson, D.
- Venue
- The Gerontologist
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2003-08-01
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 580-591
- ISSN
- 0016-9013 (ISSN-L)
- 1758-5341
- OpenAlex
- W2106178861
- Cited by
- 271
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 5.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Gerontologist (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5u01ag013255-06, 5u01ag013297-05)
- National Institute on Aging (U01AG013313, U01-AG13265, U01 AG 13297, U01-AG13255, U01AG013265, U01-AG3305, U01AG013289, U01-AG13313, U01 AG 13289)
- National Institute of Nursing Research (U01 NR 13269)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Pharmacy › Nursing care and research
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving
- Keywords
- caregiver distress, dementia caregiving, Latino caregivers, women caregivers, psychoeducational intervention, support groups, depressive symptoms, coping strategies, cultural sensitivity, ethnic differences in treatment response
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, Dementia, Female, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Social Support, Stress, Psychological, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Caregivers, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, White People
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