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Inflammasome Components NALP 1 and 3 Show Distinct but Separate Expression Profiles in Human Tissues Suggesting a Site-specific Role in the Inflammatory Response
Open accessAbstract
Several autoinflammatory disorders such as Muckle-Wells syndrome are characterized by mutations in the NALP3/cryopyrin gene. NALP3 and NALP1 proteins can assemble to inflammasomes that activate caspase-1, resulting in the processing of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. The present study was designed to determine which cells and tissues express NALP1 and NALP3. Monoclonal antibodies were developed and their use revealed distinct distribution profiles of NALP1 and NALP3. Granulocytes, monocytes (very weakly), dendritic cells, and B and T cells all express NALP1 and NALP3. Highest levels of NALP1 are found in T cells and Langerhans cells. Furthermore, NALP1 is present in glandular epithelial structures such as stomach, gut, lung, and, surprisingly, in neurons and testis. In contrast to NALP1, NALP3 shows a more restricted tissue distribution with expression mainly in non-keratinizing epithelia in the oropharynx, esophagus, and ectocervix. Moreover, NALP3 expression is found in the urothelial layer in the bladder. Likewise, a difference in subcellular distribution between NALP1 and NALP3 is observed because NALP1 is localized mainly in the nucleus, whereas NALP3 is predominantly cytoplasmic. We propose that the presence of NALP3 in epithelial cells lining the oral and genital tracts allows the rapid sensing of invading pathogens, thereby triggering an innate immune response.
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“several studies have characterized inflammasomes in neurons (de Rivero Vaccari et al, 2009;Kummer et al, 2007), which are capable of producing IL-1β (de Rivero Vaccari et al, 2009).”
From Danger Signals and Inflammasomes: Stress-Evoked Sterile Inflammation in Mood Disorders (2017) · cites this paper as Kummer et al, 2007
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The NLRP3 inflammasome instigates obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance
Vandanmagsar, B., Youm, Y.-H., Ravussin, A., Galgani, J. E., Stadler, K., Mynatt, R. L., Ravussin, E., Stephens, J. M., & Dixit, V. D. (2011) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.2279 · Cited by 2,655
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Halle, A., Hornung, V., Petzold, G. C., Stewart, C. R., Monks, B. G., Reinheckel, T., Fitzgerald, K. A., Latz, E., Moore, K. J., & Golenbock, D. T. (2008) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.1636 · Cited by 2,441
“However, in the cells surrounding senile plaques, NALP3 is expressed only by mononuclear phagocytes, not by neuron”
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“F or p er so na l u se o nl y. Table 1 (Continued ) NLR Commonly used nomenclature subfamilya human mouse Other names and aliases Structure IPAF/NAIP Ipaf Ipaf CARD12, CLAN, NLRC4 CARD-NACHT-LRR Ipaf CARD12, CLAN CARD-NACHT-LRR NAIP BIRC1 BIR3x-NACHT-LRR NAIPa Birc1a, NAIP1 BIR3x-NACHT-LRR NAIPb Birc1b, Naip-rs6, NAIP…”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationThe Inflammasome NLRs in Immunity, Inflammation, and Associated Diseases
Davis, B. K., Wen, H., & Ting, J. P.-Y. (2011) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-031210-101405 · Cited by 1,618
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“Nlrp3 is expressed in a wide range of immune cells as well as in epithelial cells (Kummer et al., 2007).”
The inflammasome: a danger sensing complex triggering innate immunity
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Walsh, J. G., Muruve, D. A., & Power, C. (2014) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3638 · Cited by 637
NALP1 in Vitiligo-Associated Multiple Autoimmune Disease
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Uptake of particulate vaccine adjuvants by dendritic cells activates the NALP3 inflammasome
Sharp, F. A., Ruane, D., Claass, B., Creagh, E. M., Harris, J., Malyala, P., Singh, M., O’Hagan, D. T., Pétrilli, V., Tschopp, J., et al. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0804897106 · Cited by 536
“NALP3 is present in the cytoplasm of DCs (20) and associates with ASC, leading to the recruitment of caspase 1, which is autocatalytically cleaved to produce an enzymatically active heterodimer of 2 p20 and 2 p10 chains (21).”
BackgroundSelf-citationCommon variants in the NLRP3 region contribute to Crohn's disease susceptibility
Villani, A., Lemire, M., Fortin, G., Louis, E. J., Silverberg, M. S., Collette, C., Baba, N., Libioulle, C., Bélaïche, J., Bitton, A., et al. (2008) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.285 · Cited by 536
“We first assessed the influence of the six SNPs ( Table 1 ) on NLRP3 mRNA expression from freshly isolated peripheral blood cells (PBCs) and from monocytes isolated from the peripheral blood, as NLRP3 is primarily expressed in granulocytes and monocyte”
Inflammasomes in liver diseases
Szabó, G., & Csák, T. (2012) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2012.03.035 · Cited by 498
“The liver resident macrophages, Kupffer cells, produce significant amounts of IL-1b [74] and express most of the NLRs (Petrasek and Szabo, unpublished data), although NLRP1 expression was absent in one study [36].”
BackgroundInfluentialThe NLRP3 and NLRP1 inflammasomes are activated in Alzheimer’s disease
Saresella, M., La Rosa, F., Piancone, F., Zoppis, M., Marventano, I., Calabrese, E., Rainone, V., Nemni, R., Mancuso, R., & Clerici, M. (2016) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-016-0088-1 · Cited by 489
“Different NLRP3 isoforms are known: the long form (118 KDa) is prevalent in cell lines (THP1 or Jurkat) while the short one (NLRP3s 75 KDa) is seen in primary immune cells [25].”
BackgroundThe Intestinal Immune System in Obesity and Insulin Resistance
Winer, D. A., Luck, H., Tsai, S. J., & Winer, S. (2016) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2016.01.003 · Cited by 493
Dendritic cell subsets in health and disease
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“A short DC-specific isoform of NALP3 has recently been identified (68); yet, its role in IL-1 production in DCs remains to be determined.”
BackgroundTargeting the NLRP3 inflammasome in chronic inflammatory diseases: current perspectives
Doyle, S., Ozaki, E., & Campbell, M. (2015) · Journal of Inflammation Research · doi:10.2147/jir.s51250 · Cited by 389
“NLRP3 is expressed in the cytosol of monocytes, dendritic cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, epithelial cells, and osteoblasts.(21) The inflammasome platform is composed of NLRP3, ASC, and procaspase-1.”
InflammasomesPreprint
de Zoete, M. R., Palm, N. W., Zhu, S., & Flavell, R. A. (2014) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a016287 · Cited by 399
“Not surprisingly, inflammasome proteins are expressed at these surfaces, most prominently by macrophages and dendritic cells (Kummer et al. 2007; Lech et al. 2010; Guarda et al. 2011).”
BackgroundDifferential Expression of NLRP3 among Hematopoietic Cells
Guarda, G., Zenger, M., Yazdi, A. S., Schroder, K., Ferrero, I., Menu, P., Tardivel, A., Mattmann, C., & Tschopp, J. (2011) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1002720 · Cited by 368
“Eosinophils did not express NLRP3 reporter, while in agreement with previous observations, neutrophils showed a clear expression (10, 11).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citationAmyloid-β induces NLRP1-dependent neuronal pyroptosis in models of Alzheimer’s disease
Tan, M.-S., Tan, L., Jiang, T., Zhu, X.-C., Wang, H.-F., Jia, C.-D., & Yu, J. (2014) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/cddis.2014.348 · Cited by 351
“be expressed rather ubiquitously, and high NLRP1 levels were also found in the brain, in particular in pyramidal neurons and oligodendrocytes.(16) It has been reported that active”
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Inflammasome-mediated disease animal models reveal roles for innate but not adaptive immunity
Brydges, S. D., Mueller, J. L., McGeough, M. D., Pena, C. A., Misaghi, A., Gandhi, C., Putnam, C. D., Boyle, D. L., Firestein, G. S., Horner, A. A., et al. (2009) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2009.05.005 · Cited by 339
A Molecular Platform in Neurons Regulates Inflammation after Spinal Cord Injury
de Rivero Vaccari, J. P., Lotocki, G., Marcillo, A. E., Dietrich, W. D., & Keane, R. W. (2008) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0157-08.2008 · Cited by 332
“overlapping tissue distribution (Kummer et al., 2007), suggesting”
BackgroundInfluentialAbulafia, D. P., de Rivero Vaccari, J. P., Lozano, J. D., Lotocki, G., Keane, R. W., & Dietrich, W. D. (2009) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2008.143 · Cited by 322
“In humans, the NLRP1 inflammasome is comprised of NLRP1, the adaptor protein apoptosisassociated speck-like protein containing a caspaseactivating recruitment domain (ASC), caspase-1, and caspase-5 (Kummer et al, 2007).”
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Kaushal, V, Dye, R., Pakavathkumar, P., Foveau, B., Flores, J., Hyman, B., Ghetti, B., Koller, B. H., & LeBlanc, A. C. (2015) · Cell Death & Differentiation · doi:10.1038/cdd.2015.16 · Cited by 297
“This latter finding is consistent with the absence of NLRP3 immunohistochemical detection in healthy human CNS tissue in contrast to its presence in peripheral tissues.(36) Similar to LPS, amyloidβ-peptide and mycobacteria induce NLRP3-dependent mouse microglial activation.”
ResultNLRP1 Inflammasome Activation Induces Pyroptosis of Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells
Masters, S. L., Gerlic, M., Metcalf, D., Preston, S., Pellegrini, M., O’Donnell, J. A., McArthur, K., Baldwin, T. M., Chevrier, S., Nowell, C. J., et al. (2012) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2012.08.027 · Cited by 313
“NLRP1 expression is highly restricted to the hematopoietic cell compartment and its expression and function is guided by several regulatory mechanisms and putative protein interactions (Kummer et al., 2007).”
de Rivero Vaccari, J. P., Lotocki, G., Alonso, O. F., Bramlett, H. M., Dietrich, W. D., & Keane, R. W. (2009) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2009.46 · Cited by 312
“A recent report using monoclonal antibodies against NLRP1 and NLRP3 revealed distinct tissue distribution patterns of these NLR family members, where NLRP1 is expressed in human neurons (Kummer et al, 2007).”
The pathogenic role of the inflammasome in neurodegenerative diseases
Freeman, L. C., & Ting, J. P. ‐. (2016) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.13217 · Cited by 276
“NLRP1 is known to be highly expressed in the brain, specifically within neurons and oligodendrocytes (Kummer et al. 2007).”
BackgroundSalminen, A., Ojala, J. O., Kaarniranta, K., & Kauppinen, A. (2012) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-012-0962-0 · Cited by 308
“, NLRP1 is highly expressed in T and B lymphocytes and neurons [47, 48].”
BackgroundPerera, A. P., Fernando, R., Shinde, T., Gundamaraju, R., Southam, B., Sohal, S. S., Robertson, A. A. B., Schroder, K., Kunde, D., & Eri, R. D. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-26775-w · Cited by 306
The Inflammasomes and Autoinflammatory Syndromes
Broderick, L., Nardo, D. D., Franklin, B. S., Hoffman, H. M., & Latz, E. (2014) · Annual Review of Pathology Mechanisms of Disease · doi:10.1146/annurev-pathol-012414-040431 · Cited by 304
Tseng, W. A., Thein, T., Kinnunen, K., Lashkari, K., Gregory, M. S., D'Amore, P. A., & Ksander, B. R. (2012) · Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science · doi:10.1167/iovs.12-10655 · Cited by 295
“2B).(31) We further confirmed the identity of this band as NLRP3 using a lysate of HEK293T cells overexpressing NLRP3 tagged with DDK (identical to FLAG).”
MethodThe NLRP3 inflammasome: Contributions to intestinal homeostasis
Zaki, M. H., Lamkanfi, M., & Kanneganti, T.-D. (2011) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2011.02.002 · Cited by 290
Innate Immune Recognition in Infectious and Noninfectious Diseases of the Lung
Opitz, B., van Laak, V., Eitel, J., & Suttorp, N. (2010) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200909-1427so · Cited by 287
NOD-Like Receptors: Master Regulators of Inflammation and Cancer
Saxena, M., & Yeretssian, G. (2014) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2014.00327 · Cited by 282
“Owing to its widespread expression in numerous cell types such as neutrophils, monocytes, DCs, epithelial cells, and T cells (140, 143, 144), NLRP3 is exposed to a wide array of PAMPs and DAMPs that instigate the assembly and activation of the inflammasome [reviewed in Ref.”
BackgroundNLRP3: A promising therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases
Shen, H., Yang, Y., Meng, X. L., Luo, X., Li, X., Shuai, Z., Ye, D., & Pan, H. (2018) · Autoimmunity Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2018.01.020 · Cited by 271
Glucocorticoids sensitize the innate immune system through regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome
Busillo, J. M., Azzam, K. M., & Cidlowski, J. A. (2011) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m111.275370 · Cited by 264
Laing, K. J., Purcell, M. K., Winton, J. R., & Hansen, J. D. (2008) · BMC Evolutionary Biology · doi:10.1186/1471-2148-8-42 · Cited by 240
“Proteins that assemble in this caspase-1 inflammasome vary according to the cell type and stimulus [11].”
BackgroundInflammasomes and autoimmunity
Shaw, P. J., McDermott, M., & Kanneganti, T. (2010) · Trends in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2010.11.001 · Cited by 240
The cutaneous innate immune response in patients with atopic dermatitis
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An Inflammasome-Independent Role for Epithelial-Expressed Nlrp3 in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Shigeoka, A. A., Mueller, J. L., Kambo, A., Mathison, J. C., King, A. J., Hall, W. F., Correia, J. D. S., Ulevitch, R. J., Hoffman, H. M., & McKay, D. B. (2010) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1002330 · Cited by 229
NLR proteins: integral members of innate immunity and mediators of inflammatory diseases
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“2 Heart, thymus, spleen, peripheral blood leukocytes, monocytes, dendritic cells, B cells and T cells, stomach, gut, neurons and testis [13, 20, 63, 176, 181, 182] Pyrin subfamily NALP1 CARD7, DEFCAP, NAC 17p13.”
BackgroundNLRP3 tyrosine phosphorylation is controlled by protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN22
Spalinger, M. R., Kasper, S., Gottier, C., Lang, S., Atrott, K., Vavricka, S. R., Scharl, S., Gutte, P. M., Grütter, M. G., Beer, H., et al. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci83669 · Cited by 236
Pattern recognition receptor function in neutrophils
Thomas, C. J., & Schroder, K. (2013) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2013.02.008 · Cited by 220
Ioannidis, I., Ye, F., McNally, B. A., Willette, M., & Flaño, E. (2013) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.01956-12 · Cited by 221
Danger Signals and Inflammasomes: Stress-Evoked Sterile Inflammation in Mood Disorders
Fleshner, M., Frank, M., & Maier, S. F. (2017) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2016.125 · Cited by 216
Levandowski, C. B., Mailloux, C. M., Ferrara, T. M., Gowan, K., Ben, S., Jin, Y., McFann, K. K., Holland, P. J., Fain, P. R., Dinarello, C. A., et al. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1222808110 · Cited by 213
“NLRP1 is a regulator of the innate immune response (19–21) and is expressed in many immunocompetent cell types, particularly the Langerhans cells of the skin (22).”
BackgroundNLRP1 inflammasome contributes to chronic stress-induced depressive-like behaviors in mice
Song, A., Gao, B., Fan, J.-J., Zhu, Y., Zhou, J., Wang, Y., Xu, L.-Z., & Wu, W. (2020) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-020-01848-8 · Cited by 215
Hypothalamic Inflammation in the Control of Metabolic Function
Valdearcos, M., Xu, A. W., & Koliwad, S. K. (2015) · Annual Review of Physiology · doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-021014-071656 · Cited by 209
NLRP3 inflammasome pathways in atherosclerosis
Baldrighi, M., Mallat, Z., & Li, X. (2017) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.10.027 · Cited by 204
The role of inflammasome in Alzheimer's disease
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Kohli, S., Ranjan, S., Hoffmann, J., Kashif, M., Daniel, E. A., Al‐Dabet, M. M., Bock, F. M., Nazir, S., Huebner, H., Mertens, P. R., et al. (2016) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2016-03-705434 · Cited by 193
Liu, L., Dong, Y., Ye, M., Jin, S. K., Yang, J., Joosse, M. E., Sun, Y., Zhang, J., Lazarev, M. G., Brant, S. R., et al. (2016) · Journal of Crohn s and Colitis · doi:10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjw219 · Cited by 188
Inflammasome signaling at the heart of central nervous system pathology
Chakraborty, S., Kaushik, D. K., Gupta, M., & Basu, A. (2010) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.22343 · Cited by 189
“The NLRP1 inflammasome is composed of NLRP1, ASC, the cysteine proteases caspase-1, and caspase-5 (in mice); the second kind, NLRP2/3 inflammasomes contain, NLRP2 or NLRP3, CARDINAL, ASC, and caspase-1 (Martinon and Tschopp, 2005) and the third kind of inflammasomes consists of NLRC4 and caspase-1 (Kummer et al., 2007…”
BackgroundInfluentialAntiviral immune responses in the genital tract: clues for vaccines
Iwasaki, A. (2010) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2836 · Cited by 195
“NLR family, pyrin domain-containing protein 1 (NLRP1) is widely expressed, whereas NLRP3 expression is restricted to epithelial cells of the oropharynx, oesophagus and ectocervix, and immune cell”
BackgroundTan, C., Zhang, J., Tan, M., Chen, H., Meng, D., Jiang, T., Meng, X.-F., Li, Y., Sun, Z., Li, M., et al. (2015) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-014-0233-0 · Cited by 189
“NLRP1 is also highly expressed in pyramidal neurons of the brain [8].”
BackgroundThe NLRP1 inflammasome: new mechanistic insights and unresolved mysteries
Mitchell, P. S., Sandstrom, A., & Vance, R. E. (2019) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.coi.2019.04.015 · Cited by 178
Inflammasomes are Differentially Expressed in Cardiovascular and other Tissues
Yin, Y., Yan, Y., Jiang, X., Mai, J., Chen, N., Wang, H., & Yang, X.-F. (2009) · International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1177/039463200902200208 · Cited by 177
Pontillo, A., Girardelli, M., Kamada, A. J., Pancoto, J. A. T., Donadi, E. A., Crovella, S., & Sandrin‐Garcia, P. (2012) · Autoimmunity · doi:10.3109/08916934.2011.637532 · Cited by 178
“NLRP1 is expressed in immune cells (macrophages, T and B lymphocytes) but also in the skin and in several epithelia and organs [19].”
BackgroundSantoni, G., Cardinali, C., Morelli, M. B., Santoni, M., Nabissi, M., & Amantini, C. (2015) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-015-0239-2 · Cited by 182
“Inflammasomes function as intracellular sensors for infectious agents as well as for host-derived danger signals and several studies have reported caspase-1 activation, IL1β cleavage and expression of inflammasome-forming NLRs in neurons [60,103-106], as well as NLRP2 inflammasome expression in astrocytes [107].”
BackgroundZheng, Q., Ren, Y., Reinach, P. S., Xiao, B., Lu, H., Zhu, Y., Qu, J., & Chen, W. (2015) · Experimental Eye Research · doi:10.1016/j.exer.2015.02.013 · Cited by 181
Diverse viral proteases activate the NLRP1 inflammasome
Tsu, B. V., Beierschmitt, C., Ryan, A. P., Agarwal, R., Mitchell, P. S., & Daugherty, M. D. (2021) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.60609 · Cited by 180
Expression and regulation of the NALP3 inflammasome complex in periodontal diseases
Bostancı, N., Emingil, G., Saygan, B. H., Türkoğlu, O., Atilla, G., Curtis, M. A., & Belibasakis, G. N. (2009) · Clinical & Experimental Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2009.03972.x · Cited by 173
Inflammasomes in neurological diseases: emerging pathogenic and therapeutic concepts
Mamik, M. K., & Power, C. (2017) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awx133 · Cited by 169
Inflammasomes in inflammatory disorders: the role of TLRs and their interactions with NLRs
Becker, C., & O'Neill, L. A. J. (2007) · Seminars in Immunopathology · doi:10.1007/s00281-007-0081-4 · Cited by 163
“showed that NALP1 is located mainly in the nucleus whereas NALP3 is predominantly cytoplasmic [18].”
BackgroundAmyloid‐β oligomers set fire to inflammasomes and induce Alzheimer's pathology
Salminen, A., Ojala, J. O., Suuronen, T., Kaarniranta, K., & Kauppinen, A. (2008) · Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1582-4934.2008.00496.x · Cited by 167
The Therapeutic Potential of Modifying Inflammasomes and NOD-Like Receptors
Virgilio, F. D. (2013) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.112.006171 · Cited by 168
“It is expressed in immune and nonimmune cells (Kummer et al., 2007) and associates with caspase-1 and caspase -5 to drive IL-1b and IL-18 processing.”
BackgroundInflammation, physical activity, and chronic disease: An evolutionary perspective
Burini, R. C., Anderson, E., Durstine, J. L., & Carson, J. A. (2020) · Sports Medicine and Health Science · doi:10.1016/j.smhs.2020.03.004 · Cited by 173
Reactive oxygen species activated NLRP3 inflammasomes prime environment-induced murine dry eye
Zheng, Q., Ren, Y., Reinach, P. S., She, Y., Xiao, B., Hua, S., Qu, J., & Chen, W. (2014) · Experimental Eye Research · doi:10.1016/j.exer.2014.05.001 · Cited by 160
“NLRP3 are intracellular danger sensing receptors which can recognize a wide array of microbes and endogenous stress-related-signals (Lamkanfi and Dixit, 2009; Martinon et al., 2009), mainly occurring in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and some epithelial cells (Kummer et al., 2007).”
BackgroundMastrocola, R., Penna, C. R. R., Tullio, F., Femminò, S., Nigro, D., Chiazza, F., Serpe, L., Collotta, D., Alloatti, G., Cocco, M., et al. (2016) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2016/5271251 · Cited by 161
Transcriptomic Analysis of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Identifies a Role for the NLRP3 Inflammasome
Bruno, V. M., Shetty, A. C., Yano, J., Fidel, P. L., Noverr, M. C., & Peters, B. M. (2015) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.00182-15 · Cited by 155
“The strong constitutive staining pattern of Nlrp3 in the squamous epithelia of naive and infected mice is similar to that observed in the oral mucosa, esophagus, ectocervix, and vulva (67, 68).”
BackgroundDeregulated inflammasome signaling in disease
Lamkanfi, M., Walle, L. V., & Kanneganti, T. (2011) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.2011.01042.x · Cited by 154
“Nlrp1 is highly expressed in T cells and Langerhans cells in the skin (119), explaining the potential role of mutant Nlrp1 in debilitating autoimmune diseases of the skin and other organs.”
BackgroundThe microbial and danger signals that activate Nod-like receptors
Benkő, S., Philpott, D. J., & Girardin, S. E. (2008) · Cytokine · doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2008.07.013 · Cited by 156
“While most of the initial studies related to NLRs focused on professional immune cells, and especially macrophages, recent studies describe the presence of inflammasome components in human intestinal epithelial cells, and human and mouse keratinocytes of the epidermis [56].”
BackgroundLech, M., Avila‐Ferrufino, A., Skuginna, V., Susanti, H. E., & Anders, H. (2010) · International Immunology · doi:10.1093/intimm/dxq058 · Cited by 151
Inflammasomes and human autoimmunity: A comprehensive review
Yang, C., & Chiang, B. (2015) · Journal of Autoimmunity · doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2015.05.001 · Cited by 161
Pontillo, A., Brandão, L. A. C., Guimarães, R. L., Segat, L., Araújo, J., & Crovella, S. (2010) · Autoimmunity · doi:10.3109/08916930903540432 · Cited by 147
“We were expecting an association between NLRP1 polymorphisms and CD due to the specific expression of this gene in the small intestine [24], but we did not find it.”
BackgroundSensors of the innate immune system: their mode of action
Baccalà, R., González‐Quintial, R., Lawson, B. R., Stern, M. E., Kono, D. H., Beutler, B., & Theofilopoulos, A. N. (2009) · Nature Reviews Rheumatology · doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2009.136 · Cited by 145
“Perhaps as a reflection of their site-specific roles, NLRP expression exhibits distinct profiles in human tissues: NLRP1 (NALP1) and NLRP3 (NALP3, cryopyrin, CIAS1) seem to be the most immunologically relevant as, in addition to other tissues, they are also expressed in T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, monocytes and…”
BackgroundYilmaz, Ö., Sater, A. A. A., Yao, L., Koutouzis, T., Pettengill, M. A., & Ojcius, D. M. (2009) · Cellular Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1462-5822.2009.01390.x · Cited by 146
“Consistent with our results, the first histological characterization of the distribution of the Nalp3 protein in different tissues shows that Nalp3, unlike Nalp1, is expressed in epithelial cells of the oral cavity (Kummer et al., 2007).”
Genetic Variations in NALP1 Are Associated with Generalized Vitiligo in a Romanian Population
Jin, Y., Birlea, S. A., Fain, P. R., & Spritz, R. A. (2007) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1038/sj.jid.5700953 · Cited by 146
“NALP1 is widely expressed, but is at highest levels in Langerhans cells and T cells (Kummer et al., 2007).”
BackgroundControl of adaptive immunity by pattern recognition receptors
Carroll, S. L., Pasare, C., & Barton, G. M. (2024) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2024.03.014 · Cited by 155
Autoinflammatory Diseases: Clinical and Genetic Advances
Farasat, S., Aksentijevich, I. A., & Toro, J. R. (2008) · Archives of Dermatology · doi:10.1001/archderm.144.3.392 · Cited by 143
Lev‐Sagie, A., Prus, D., Linhares, I. M., Lavy, Y., Ledger, W. J., & Witkin, S. S. (2009) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2008.10.039 · Cited by 143
Nlrp3: An immune sensor of cellular stress and infection
Lamkanfi, M., & Kanneganti, T.-D. (2010) · The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2010.01.008 · Cited by 140
“Nlrp3 expression is detected mainly in the cytosol of granuloytes, monocytes, dendritic cells, T and B cells, epithelial cells and steoblasts (McCall et al., 2008; Kummer et al., 2007), suggesting n important role in the primary defense mechanisms of the body gainst microbial threats.”
Inflammasomes: Their Role in Normal and Complicated Pregnancies
Gomez‐Lopez, N., Motomura, K., Miller, D., Garcia‐Flores, V., Galaz, J., & Romero, R. J. (2019) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1900901 · Cited by 136
Biochemical regulation of the inflammasome
Dowling, J. K., & O'Neill, L. A. J. (2012) · Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.3109/10409238.2012.694844 · Cited by 139
“As discussed, several reports demonstrate that both NLRP3 and NLRC4 are activated in response to L. monocytogenes.”
BackgroundSand, J., Haertel, E., Biedermann, T., Contassot, E., Ernst Reichmann, A., French, L. E., Werner, S., & Beer, H. (2018) · Cell Death and Disease · doi:10.1038/s41419-017-0009-4 · Cited by 130
Inflammasome biology, molecular pathology and therapeutic implications
Awad, F., Assrawi, E., Louvrier, C., Jumeau, C., Georgin‐Lavialle, S., Grateau, G., Amselem, S., Giurgea, I., & Karabina, S. (2018) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.02.011 · Cited by 138
“lymphocytes (Kummer et al., 2007), in epithelial cells lining the oral and genital tracts, in skin keratinocytes (weak expression) (Kummer”
BackgroundHepatitis C virus activates interleukin-1β via caspase-1-inflammasome complex
Burdette, D. O., Haskett, A., Presser, L., McRae, S., Iqbal, J., & Waris, G. (2011) · Journal of General Virology · doi:10.1099/vir.0.034033-0 · Cited by 135
“Our results correlate well with the previous studies conducted on the transcriptional stimulation of NALP3, ASC and caspase-1 (Gupta et al., 2001; Kummer et al., 2007; Masumoto et al., 2001).”
RetractedVentilator-induced Lung Injury Is Mediated by the NLRP3 Inflammasome
Kuipers, M. T., Aslami, H., Janczy, J. R., van der Sluijs, K. F., Vlaar, A. P. J., Wolthuis, E. K., Choi, G., Roelofs, J. J. T. H., Flavell, R. A., Sutterwala, F. S., et al. (2012) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0b013e3182518bc0 · Cited by 131
“Granulocytes, monocytes, dendritic cells, T and B cells, epithelial cells, and osteoblasts all express NLRP3, suggesting an important role for NLRP3 in primary defense mechanisms of the body.(30,31) To further specify cell type and tissue that express NLRP3 inflammasome we analyzed human bronchial epithelial cells and…”
BackgroundInflammasomes as therapeutic targets for A lzheimer's disease
White, C., Lawrence, C. B., Brough, D., & Rivers‐Auty, J. (2016) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/bpa.12478 · Cited by 136
“Unlike NLRP3 which is highly expressed in microglia, NLRP1 is mainly expressed in neurones (80) and its proposed role in AD pathogenesis is largely associated with neuronal death and axonal degeneration, although its exact role is not clearly defined.”
BackgroundSeshadri, S., Duncan, M., Hart, J., Gavrilin, M. A., & Wewers, M. D. (2007) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.179.2.1274 · Cited by 128
“(32) have shown that NALP-1 and NALP-3 protein levels are very low in monocytes but high in THP-1 cells.”
BackgroundVeeranki, S., Duan, X., Panchanathan, R., Liu, H., & Choubey, D. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0027040 · Cited by 131
“Inflammasomes have been extensively characterized in monocytes, macrophages, and melanoma cells [27,29,45].”
BackgroundControl of local immunity by airway epithelial cells
Weitnauer, M., Mijošek, V., & Dalpke, A. H. (2015) · Mucosal Immunology · doi:10.1038/mi.2015.126 · Cited by 137
Yap, J. K. Y., Pickard, B. S., Chan, E. W. L., & Gan, S. Y. (2019) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-019-1638-7 · Cited by 130
“As NLRP1 is primarily expressed in pyramidal neurons and oligodendrocytes (cell types located in the cerebral cortex, the hippocampus and the amygdala), Aβ-induced NLRP1-mediated neurotoxicity could result in destruction of such integral regions of the brain, leading to the brain shrinkage and loss of vital cognitive…”
BackgroundKastbom, A., Verma, D., Eriksson, P., Skogh, T., Wingren, G. B., & Söderkvist, P. (2007) · Lara D. Veeken · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kem372 · Cited by 126
Mitochondrial function and gastrointestinal diseases
Haque, P. S., Kapur, N., Barrett, T. A., & Theiss, A. L. (2024) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/s41575-024-00931-2 · Cited by 146
“The NLRP3 inflammasome is expressed in both IECs and immune cells 132 and is the best-characterized inflammasome to date with a known function to activate caspase 1 (ref.”
Intracellular sensing of microbes and danger signals by the inflammasomes
Horvath, G. L., Schrum, J. E., Nardo, C. M. D., & Latz, E. (2011) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.2011.01050.x · Cited by 127
“NLRP1 is not widely expressed, with the highest levels seen in T cells and Langerhans cells and at lower levels in stomach epithelial cells, gut, and lungs (16).”
BackgroundZhai, Z., Liu, W.-T., Kaur, M., Luo, Y., Domenico, J. M., Samson, J. M., Shellman, Y. G., Norris, D. A., Dinarello, C. A., Spritz, R. A., et al. (2017) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/onc.2017.26 · Cited by 124
Metadata
- Authors
- Kummer, J. A., Broekhuizen, R., Everett, H., Agostini, L., Kuijk, L., Martinon, F., Bruggen, R. V., & Tschopp, J.
- Affiliations
- University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
- University of Lausanne (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Tschopp, Jürg
- Venue
- Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2007-05
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 443-452
- ISSN
- 0022-1554 (ISSN-L)
- 1551-5044
- OpenAlex
- W2043091577
- Cited by
- 531
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 38 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 7.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- IRIS (submittedVersion)
- SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Keywords
- NALP1, NLRP3, inflammasome, tissue distribution, autoinflammatory disease, Muckle-Wells syndrome, caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18, Langerhans cells, epithelial cells, subcellular localization, innate immune response, mucosal immunity
- MeSH terms
- NLR Proteins, NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Carrier Proteins, Cell Line, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Inflammation, Organ Specificity, Immunoblotting, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins
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