Telomere shortening unrelated to smoking, body weight, physical activity, and alcohol intake: 4,576 general population individuals with repeat measurements 10 years apart
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Cross-sectional studies have associated short telomere length with smoking, body weight, physical activity, and possibly alcohol intake; however, whether these associations are due to confounding is unknown. We tested these hypotheses in 4,576 individuals from the general population cross-sectionally, and with repeat measurement of relative telomere length 10 years apart. We also tested whether change in telomere length is associated with mortality and morbidity in the general population. Relative telomere length was measured with quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Cross-sectionally at the first examination, short telomere length was associated with increased age (P for trend across quartiles = 3 × 10(-77)), current smoking (P = 8 × 10(-3)), increased body mass index (P = 7 × 10(-14)), physical inactivity (P = 4 × 10(-17)), but not with increased alcohol intake (P = 0.10). At the second examination 10 years later, 56% of participants had lost and 44% gained telomere length with a mean loss of 193 basepairs. Change in leukocyte telomere length during 10 years was associated inversely with baseline telomere length (P<1 × 10(-300)) and age at baseline (P = 1 × 10(-27)), but not with baseline or 10-year inter-observational tobacco consumption, body weight, physical activity, or alcohol intake. Prospectively during a further 10 years follow-up after the second examination, quartiles of telomere length change did not associate with risk of all-cause mortality, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, ischemic cerebrovascular disease, or ischemic heart disease. In conclusion, smoking, increased body weight, and physical inactivity were associated with short telomere length cross-sectionally, but not with telomere length change during 10 years observation, and alcohol intake was associated with neither. Also, change in telomere length did not associate prospectively with mortality or morbidity in the general population.
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Prospective shortening of LTL over 2.5 years predicted long-term (12 year) cardiovascular mortality in men in one study, although not all studies have found this.
“Also, prospective shortening of LTL over relatively short periods of time (2.5 years) has predicted long-term (12 year) cardiovascular mortality in men in one study (Epel et al., 2009a), although not all studies have found this (Weischer et al., 2014).”
From Psychiatric disorders and leukocyte telomere length: Underlying mechanisms linking mental illness with cellular aging (2015) · cites this paper as Weischer et al., 2014
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Association of Physical Activity With Telomere Length Among Elderly Adults - The Oulu Cohort 1945
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- Authors
- Weischer, M., Bojesen, S. E., & Nordestgaard, B. G.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Nordestgaard, Børge G.
- Venue
- PLoS Genetics
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2014-03-13
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- e1004191
- ISSN
- 1553-7390 (ISSN-L)
- 1553-7404
- PMC
- PMC3953026
- OpenAlex
- W2055231912
- Cited by
- 167
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 7
- FWCI
- 15.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS Genetics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Hjerteforeningen
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Keywords
- telomere length, leukocyte telomere length, telomere shortening, smoking, body mass index, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption, confounding, all-cause mortality, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, ischemic cerebrovascular disease
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Body Weight, Female, Genetics, Population, Humans, Leukocytes, Male, Middle Aged, Motor Activity, Risk Factors, Smoking, Body Mass Index, Telomere, Telomere Shortening
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