On the Temporal Characteristics of Performance Variability in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Open accessAbstract
Increased intra-subject variability of reaction times (ISV-RT) is one of the most consistent findings in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although the nature of this phenomenon is still unclear, it has been hypothesised to reflect interference from the Default Mode Network (DMN). So far, ISV-RT has been operationally defined either as a frequency spectrum of the underlying RT time series, or as a measure of dispersion of the RT scores distribution. Here, we use a novel RT analysis framework to link these hitherto unconnected facets of ISV-RT by determining the sensitivity of different measures of RT dispersion to the frequency content of the underlying RT time series. N=27 patients with ADHD and N=26 healthy controls performed several visual N-back tasks. Different measures of RT dispersion were repeatedly modelled after individual frequency bands of the underlying RT time series had been either extracted or suppressed using frequency-domain filtering. We found that the intra-subject standard deviation of RT preserves the "1/f noise" characteristic typical of human RT data. Furthermore and most importantly, we found that the ex-Gaussian parameter τ is rather exclusively sensitive to frequencies below 0.025 Hz in the underlying RT time series and that the particularly slow RTs, which nourish τ, occur regularly as part of an quasi-periodic, ultra-slow RT fluctuation. Overall, our results are compatible with the idea that ISV-RT is modulated by an endogenous, slowly fluctuating process that may reflect DMN interference.
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Ex-Gaussian modeling showed that increased reaction time variability is partly due to overly slow responses.
“More thorough investigation of RTV used ex-Gaussian modeling and showed that increased RTV is partly due to overly slow responses (Feige et al. 2013; Gmehlin et al., 2013; Wolfers et al., 2015).”
From Cognitive heterogeneity in adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A systematic analysis of neuropsychological measurements (2015) · cites this paper as Feige et al. 2013
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- Authors
- Feige, B., Biscaldi, M., Saville, C. W. N., Kluckert, C., Bender, S., Ebner-Priemer, U., Hennighausen, K., Rauh, R., Fleischhaker, C., & Klein, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Freiburg (DE)
- Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Klein, Christoph
- ORCID
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2013-10-02
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- e69674
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3805479
- OpenAlex
- W2129552266
- Cited by
- 41
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 4.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2013-10-15)
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Repository KITopen (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- FreiDok plus (Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg) (submittedVersion)
- KITopen (cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Mind wandering and attention
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, within-person variability, reaction time, 1/f noise, ex-Gaussian distribution, default mode network, frequency-domain filtering, n-back task
- MeSH terms
- Attention, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Electroencephalography, Humans, Male, Photic Stimulation, Reaction Time, Case-Control Studies
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