Functional connectivity of default mode network components: correlation, anticorrelation, and causality
Open accessAbstract
The default mode network (DMN), based in ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), exhibits higher metabolic activity at rest than during performance of externally oriented cognitive tasks. Recent studies have suggested that competitive relationships between the DMN and various task‐positive networks involved in task performance are intrinsically represented in the brain in the form of strong negative correlations (anticorrelations) between spontaneous fluctuations in these networks. Most neuroimaging studies characterize the DMN as a homogenous network, thus few have examined the differential contributions of DMN components to such competitive relationships. Here, we examined functional differentiation within the DMN, with an emphasis on understanding competitive relationships between this and other networks. We used a seed correlation approach on resting‐state data to assess differences in functional connectivity between these two regions and their anticorrelated networks. While the positively correlated networks for the vmPFC and PCC seeds largely overlapped, the anticorrelated networks for each showed striking differences. Activity in vmPFC negatively predicted activity in parietal visual spatial and temporal attention networks, whereas activity in PCC negatively predicted activity in prefrontal‐based motor control circuits. Granger causality analyses suggest that vmPFC and PCC exert greater influence on their anticorrelated networks than the other way around, suggesting that these two default mode nodes may directly modulate activity in task‐positive networks. Thus, the two major nodes comprising the DMN are differentiated with respect to the specific brain systems with which they interact, suggesting greater heterogeneity within this network than is commonly appreciated. Hum Brain Mapp 30:625–637, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
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Dynamic causal modeling and intracranial EEG data point to a sustained causal influence of the DMN on other brain networks.
“Additionally, dynamic causal modeling applied to human fMRI and intracranial EEG data point to a sustained causal influence of the DMN on other brain networks.”
From 20 years of the default mode network: A review and synthesis. (2023) · cites this paper as [90]
The Results (Relationships between networks; page unavailable) say that Granger causality analyses of resting-state fMRI suggest DMN components may influence their respective anticorrelated networks. The Methods (Granger causality analysis; page unavailable) identify the method as Granger causality, not dynamic causal modeling, and describe fMRI rather than intracranial EEG data. The cited passages do not establish that the influence is sustained. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Uddin, L. Q., Clare Kelly, A. M., Biswal, B. B., Xavier Castellanos, F., & Milham, M. P.
- Affiliations
- NYU Langone Health (US)
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- New York University (US)
- Venue
- Human Brain Mapping
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-01-19
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 625-637
- ISSN
- 1065-9471 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0193
- PMC
- PMC3654104
- OpenAlex
- W2144427015
- Cited by
- 1,135
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 24 · 2025: 52 · 2024: 64 · 2023: 58 · 2022: 58 · 2021: 75 · 2020: 84 · 2019: 84 · 2018: 78 · 2017: 82 · 2016: 68 · 2015: 77 · 2014: 75 · 2013: 69 · 2012: 59
- FWCI
- 21.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Human Brain Mapping (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r21mh066393-03, 5t32mh067763-10)
- National Institute of Mental Health (5T32MH067763, 5R21MH066393, R21-MH066393, T32MH-067763)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Mind wandering and attention
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Keywords
- default mode network, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, anticorrelation, functional connectivity, Granger causality, task-positive network, resting-state brain activity, network heterogeneity, visuospatial attention, temporal attention, motor control
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Attention, Brain Mapping, Female, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Functional Laterality, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Nerve Net, Neural Pathways, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychomotor Performance, Space Perception, Causality, Prefrontal Cortex, Young Adult
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