Gender Influence on White Matter Microstructure: A Tract-Based Spatial Statistics Analysis
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BACKGROUND: Sexual dimorphism in human brain structure is well recognised, but less is known about gender differences in white matter microstructure. We used diffusion tensor imaging to explore gender differences in fractional anisotropy (FA), an index of microstructural integrity. We previously found increased FA in the corpus callosum in women, and increased FA in the cerebellum and left superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) in men, using a whole-brain voxel-based analysis. METHODS: A whole-brain tract-based spatial statistics analysis of 120 matched subjects from the previous analysis, and 134 new subjects (147 men and 107 women in total) using a 1.5T scanner, with division into tract-based regions of interest. RESULTS: Men had higher FA in the superior cerebellar peduncles and women had higher FA in corpus callosum in both the first and second samples. The higher SLF FA in men was not found in either sample. DISCUSSION: We confirmed our previous, controversial finding of increased FA in the corpus callosum in women, and increased cerebellar FA in men. The corpus callosum FA difference offers some explanation for the otherwise puzzling advantage in inter-callosal transfer time shown in women; the cerebellar FA difference may be associated with the developmental motor advantage shown in men.
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Adult studies suggest males have higher FA, higher AD, and lower RD in widespread white-matter regions.
“studies in adults suggest that males have higher FA, higher AD, and lower RD in widespread white-matter regions131–135.”
From Imaging structural and functional brain development in early childhood (2018) · cites this paper as [134]
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- Authors
- Kanaan, R. A., Chaddock, C., Allin, M., Picchioni, M. M., Daly, E., Shergill, S. S., & McGuire, P. K.
- Affiliations
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- King's College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Kanaan, Richard A.
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2014-03-06
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- e91109
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3946347
- OpenAlex
- W2003299643
- Cited by
- 59
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 6
- FWCI
- 5.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (072555, 064971)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Sex and Gender in Healthcare
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Keywords
- sex differences, white matter microstructure, fractional anisotropy, corpus callosum, cerebellum, superior cerebellar peduncle, superior longitudinal fasciculus, sexual dimorphism, motor development, diffusion tensor imaging
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Demography, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pyramidal Tracts, Sex Characteristics, Statistics as Topic, Anisotropy, Young Adult, White Matter
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