Association between Sleep Quality and C-Reactive Protein: Results from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2008
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to explore the association between poor sleep quality and hs_CRP in an adult U.S. population. METHODS: This study focused on 9,317 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005-2008 who were aged 20-85 years, completed a sleep disorder questionnaire, and had available information on serum hs_CRP. Sleep quality was classified into three categories (good, moderate, poor) based on the responses of participants to the NHANES sleep disorder questionnaire. High CRP was defined as hs-CRP >1 md/dL. Linear regression model was applied to investigate the association between poor sleep quality and log-transformed hs_CRP. And logistic regression model was fitted to evaluate the association between sleep quality and the risk of high CRP. RESULTS: Females were more likely to report poor sleep quality than males (26% vs. 19%, p<0.0001). Each sleep disorder was significantly associated with increased hs_CRP and correlative to other sleep disorders. In fully-adjusted linear regression model, poor sleep quality was significantly associated with elevated hs_CRP (log transformed) among the overall sample and in females only (β = 0.10, se = 0.03, p<0.01 and β = 0.13, se = 0.04, p<0.01, respectively). In fully-adjusted logistics regression model, poor sleep quality was linked with risk of high CRP(OR: 1.42, 95%CI: 1.15-1.76 in overall sample and OR: 1.59, 95%CI: 1.18-2.14 in females, respectively). CONCLUSION: We found that poor sleep quality was independently associated with elevated hs_CRP in females but not in males in a U.S. adult population.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Other studies reported an association between self-reported indices of sleep disturbances and higher CRP levels in women only.
“Other studies reported such an association in women only”
From The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease (2019) · cites this paper as [339]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Pearson, T. A., Mensah, G. A., Alexander, R. W., Anderson, J. L., Cannon, R. O., Criqui, M., Fadl, Y. Y., Fortmann, S. P., Hong, Y., Myers, G. L., et al. (2003) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000052939.59093.45 · Cited by 6,401 · see citing works
Impact of sleep debt on metabolic and endocrine function
Spiegel, K., Leproult, R., & Van Cauter, E. (1999) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(99)01376-8 · Cited by 3,668 · see citing works
Spiegel, K., Tasali, E., Penev, P., & Cauter, E. V. (2004) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-141-11-200412070-00008 · Cited by 2,459 · see citing works
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Releases Interleukin-6, But Not Tumor Necrosis Factor-α,in Vivo1
Mohamed‐Ali, V., Goodrick, S., Rawesh, A., Katz, D. R., Miles, J. M., Yudkin, J. S., Klein, S., & Coppack, S. W. (1997) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.82.12.4450 · Cited by 2,012 · see citing works
Direct Proinflammatory Effect of C-Reactive Protein on Human Endothelial Cells
Pasceri, V., Willerson, J. T., & Yeh, E. T. H. (2000) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.102.18.2165 · Cited by 1,941 · see citing works
Low grade inflammation and coronary heart disease: prospective study and updated meta-analyses
Danesh, J. (2000) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.321.7255.199 · Cited by 1,692 · see citing works
Early life risk factors for obesity in childhood: cohort study
Reilly, J. J., Armstrong, J., Dorosty, A. R., Emmett, P. M., Ness, A., Rogers, I., Steer, C., & Sherriff, A. (2005) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.38470.670903.e0 · Cited by 1,675 · see citing works
Mortality Associated With Sleep Duration and Insomnia
Kripke, D. F., Garfinkel, L., Wingard, D. L., Klauber, M. R., & Marler, M. R. (2002) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.59.2.131 · Cited by 1,614 · see citing works
Ridker, P. M. (2001) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.103.13.1813 · Cited by 1,402 · see citing works
Effect of sleep loss on C-reactive protein, an inflammatory marker of cardiovascular risk
Meier-Ewert, H. K., Ridker, P. M., Rifai, N., Regan, M. M., Price, N. J., Dinges, D. F., & Mullington, J. M. (2004) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2003.07.050 · Cited by 1,195 · see citing works
Inadequate Sleep as a Risk Factor for Obesity: Analyses of the NHANES I
Gangwisch, J. E., Malaspina, D., Boden-Albala, B., & Heymsfield, S. B. (2005) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/28.10.1289 · Cited by 905 · see citing works
C-Reactive Protein as a Cardiovascular Risk Factor
Lagrand, W. K., Visser, C. A., Hermens, W. T., Niessen, H. W. M., Verheugt, F. W. A., Wolbink, G., & Hack, C. E. (1999) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.100.1.96 · Cited by 833 · see citing works
Hasler, G., Buysse, D. J., Klaghofer, R., Gamma, A., Ajdacic, V., Eich, D., Rössler, W., & Angst, J. (2004) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/27.4.661 · Cited by 672 · see citing works
Association between Reduced Sleep and Weight Gain in Women
Patel, S. R., Malhotra, A., White, D. P., Gottlieb, D. J., & Hu, F. B. (2006) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwj280 · Cited by 617 · see citing works
Clinical Efficacy of an Automated High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Assay
Rifai, N., Tracy, R. P., & Ridker, P. M. (1999) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/45.12.2136 · Cited by 613 · see citing works
Risk factors for childhood overweight: A prospective study from birth to 9.5 years
Agras, W. S., Hammer, L. D., McNicholas, F., & KRAEMER, H. C. (2004) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2004.03.023 · Cited by 567 · see citing works
Circadian Interleukin-6 Secretion and Quantity and Depth of Sleep
Vgontzas, A. N., Papanicolaou, D. A., Bixler, E. O., Lotsikas, A., Zachman, K., Kales, A., Prolo, P., Wong, M.-L., Licinio, J., Gold, P. W., et al. (1999) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.84.8.5894 · Cited by 516 · see citing works
Daytime Sleepiness Predicts Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults
Newman, A. B., Spiekerman, C. F., Enright, P., Lefkowitz, D. S., Manolio, T. A., Reynolds, C. F., & Robbins, J. (2000) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2000.tb03901.x · Cited by 460 · see citing works
Shearer, W. T., Reuben, J. M., Mullington, J. M., Price, N. J., Lee, B.-N., Smith, E. O., Szuba, M. P., Van Dongen, H. P. A., & Dinges, D. F. (2001) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1067/mai.2001.112270 · Cited by 455 · see citing works
Dinges, D. F., Douglas, S. D., Zaugg, L., Campbell, D. E., McMann, J. M., Whitehouse, W. G., Orne, E. C., Kapoor, S. C., Icaza, E., & Orne, M. T. (1994) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci117184 · Cited by 361 · see citing works
Physical Activity and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein
Plaisance, E. P., & Grandjean, P. W. (2006) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/00007256-200636050-00006 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Miller, M. A., Kandala, N.-B., Mika Kivimaki, B., Meena Kumari, B., Brunner, E. J., Lowe, G. D. O., Marmot, M. G., & Cappuccio, F. P. (2009) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/32.7.857 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Taheri, S., Austin, D., Lin, L., Nieto, F. J., Young, T., & Mignot, E. (2007) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/30.8.991 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Sleep Duration, Sleep Quality, and Biomarkers of Inflammation in a Taiwanese Population
Dowd, J. B., Goldman, N., & Weinstein, M. (2011) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2011.07.004 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Bansil, P., Kuklina, E. V., Merritt, R. K., & Yoon, P. W. (2011) · The Journal of Clinical Hypertension · doi:10.1111/j.1751-7176.2011.00500.x · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Extreme sleep durations and increased C-reactive protein: effects of sex and ethnoracial group
Grandner, M. A., Buxton, O. M., Jackson, N., Sands-Lincoln, M., Pandey, A., & Jean-Louis, G. (2013) · SLEEP · doi:10.5665/sleep.2646 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Ford, E. S., Giles, W. H., Myers, G. L., Rifai, N., Ridker, P. M., & Mannino, D. M. (2003) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1373/49.8.1353 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Prospective Study of Restless Legs Syndrome and Coronary Heart Disease Among Women
Li, Y., Walters, A. S., Chiuve, S. E., Rimm, E. B., Winkelman, J. W., & Gao, X. (2012) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.112.112698 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Are Sleep Complaints an Independent Risk Factor for Myocardial Infarction?
Schwartz, S. W., Cornoni‐Huntley, J. C., Cole, S. R., Hays, J. C., Blazer, D. G., & Schocken, D. D. (1998) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/s1047-2797(97)00238-x · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Mollicone, D. J., Dongen, H. P. A. V., Rogers, N. L., & Dinges, D. F. (2008) · Acta Astronautica · doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2007.12.005 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Ishida, K., Kato, M., Kato, Y., Yanagihara, K., Kinugasa, Y., Kotani, K., Igawa, O., Hisatome, I., Shigemasa, C., & Somers, V. K. (2009) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.08-1431 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Vozoris, N. T. (2012) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2012.01.004 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
C-Reactive Protein as a Risk Predictor
Albert, M. A., & Ridker, P. M. (2006) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.106.613570 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Matthews, K. A., Zheng, H., Matthews, K. A., Kravitz, H. M., Sowers, M., Bromberger, J. T., Buysse, D. J., Owens, J. F., Sanders, M., & Hall, M. (2010) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/33.12.1649 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Jackowska, M., Meena Kumari, B., & Steptoe, A. (2013) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.12.015 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Trotti, L. M., Rye, D. B., Staercke, C. D., Hooper, W. C., Quyyumi, A. A., & Bliwise, D. L. (2012) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2012.06.003 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Are sleep complaints predictive of future myocardial infarction?
Appels, A., VOS, Y. D., van Diest, R., Höppner, P., Mulder, P., & de Groen, J. H. M. (1987) · PubMed · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Insomnia and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein: The HUNT Study, Norway
Laugsand, L. E., Vatten, L. J., Bjørngaard, J. H., Hveem, K., & Janszky, I. (2012) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e31825904eb · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Sleep loss as a risk factor for obesity and diabetes
Spiegel, K. (2008) · International Journal of Pediatric Obesity · doi:10.1080/17477160802404681 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Sleep-Immune Crosstalk in Health and Disease
Besedovsky, L., Lange, T., & Haack, M. (2019) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00010.2018 · Cited by 1,479 · see citing works
Roles of sleep deprivation in cardiovascular dysfunctions
Liu, H., & Chen, A. (2019) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2019.01.006 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Ramtahal, R., Khan, C., Maharaj-Khan, K., Nallamothu, S., Hinds, A. Q. J., Dhanoo, A., Yeh, H., Hill‐Briggs, F., & Lazo, M. (2015) · Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health · doi:10.1016/j.jegh.2015.05.003 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
“Using the same instrument as the present study, Liu et al. found the prevalence of poor sleep to be 50.5% in a selected adult population [13], and Bansil et al. found the prevalence of poor sleep to be 52.1% in an American population that consisted of 8% diabetic patients [12].”
InfluentialHuang, W., Huang, C., Chang, C., Kor, C., Chen, T., & Wu, H. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0169216 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Bisphenol-A and Sleep Adequacy among Adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys
Beydoun, H. A., Beydoun, M. A., Jeng, H. A., Zonderman, A. B., & Eid, S. M. (2016) · SLEEP · doi:10.5665/sleep.5466 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Kanagasabai, T., & Ardern, C. I. (2015) · Mediators of Inflammation · doi:10.1155/2015/824589 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
“, C-Reactive Protein (CRP)) [9, 10], but the relationship may be sex-specific.”
BackgroundManolis, T. A., Manolis, A. S., Apostolopoulos, E. J., Melita, H., & Manolis, A. S. (2020) · Current Vascular Pharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570161118666200325102411 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Kim, D., Kim, H. J., Kushida, C. A., Heo, N., Ahmed, A., & Kim, W. R. (2017) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2017.08.049 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“These associations may be driven by obesity-related insulin resistance and proinflammatory milieu associated with poor sleep.(6,7) In addition, sleep”
BackgroundAssociations between poor sleep and glucose intolerance in prediabetes
Iyegha, I. D., Chieh, A. Y., Bryant, B. M., & Li, L. (2019) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104444 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“In addition, other studies found elevated CRP levels to be limited to either males or females with sleep disturbances suggesting that there is more complexity to these associations (Liu et al., 2014; Richardson and Churilla, 2017).”
BackgroundCurrent and future strategies for diagnostic and management of obstructive sleep apnea
Khurana, S., Soda, N., Shiddiky, M. J. A., Nayak, R., & Bose, S. K. (2021) · Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics · doi:10.1080/14737159.2021.2002686 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Petrov, K. K., Hayley, A. C., Catchlove, S. J., Savage, K. M., & Stough, C. K. K. (2020) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/j.mad.2020.111388 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Association of sleep duration and quality with elevated hs-CRP among healthy Korean adults
Lee, H.-W., Yoon, H.-S., Yang, J. J., Song, M., Lee, J., Lee, S.-A., Choi, J., & Kang, D. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0238053 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“Several studies have evaluated the association between sleep characteristics and hs-CRP level among the general population [6, 9, 13, 23]; the results, however, derive from mainly western population or are conservative in sample size [24–28].”
ResultBesedovsky, L., Dang, R., Engert, L. C., Goldstein, M. R., Devine, J. K., Bertisch, S. M., Mullington, J. M., Simpson, N. S., & Haack, M. (2022) · PNAS Nexus · doi:10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac004 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Beydoun, H. A., Hossain, S. A., Beydoun, M. A., Weiss, J., Zonderman, A. B., & Eid, S. M. (2019) · Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1002/jper.19-0055 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Development of the National Healthy Sleep Awareness Project Sleep Health Surveillance Questions
Morgenthaler, T. I., Croft, J. B., Dort, L. C., Loeding, L. D., Mullington, J. M., & Thomas, S. M. (2015) · Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine · doi:10.5664/jcsm.5026 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Examining the role of systemic chronic inflammation in diet and sleep relationship
Hepsomali, P., & Groeger, J. A. (2022) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811221112932 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“quality, although there is some observational evidence showing associations between higher CRP levels and lower sleep quality (Lee et al., 2020; Liu et al., 2014), research is limited for other SCI markers albeit suggestive of a similar relationship (e.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSleep quality and risk of diabetes and coronary artery disease among young men
Twig, G., Shina, A., Afek, A. B., Derazne, E., Tzur, D., Cukierman‐Yaffe, T., Shechter-Amir, D., Gerstein, H. C., & Tirosh, A. (2015) · Acta Diabetologica · doi:10.1007/s00592-015-0779-z · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“These include dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis [30], occult obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) [3, 31], low-grade inflammation [32], autonomic [33, 34] and endothelial dysfunction [35].”
BackgroundRigobon, A. V., Kanagasabai, T., & Taylor, V. H. (2018) · BMC Obesity · doi:10.1186/s40608-018-0208-2 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Patel, S. P., Khanna, R., Choi, J., Williams, K. A., Roh, Y. S., Hong, M., Sutaria, N. H., Pritchard, T., Kwatra, M. M., & Kwatra, S. G. (2020) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2020.08.059 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
C-reactive protein, chronic low back pain and, diet and lifestyle
Macphail, K. (2015) · International Musculoskeletal Medicine · doi:10.1179/1753615415y.0000000001 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“Sleep disorders and poor sleep quality are associated with elevated CRP [25,26].”
BackgroundDietary Inflammatory Index, Sleep Duration, and Sleep Quality: A Systematic Review
Coxon, C., Nishihira, J., & Hepsomali, P. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16060890 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Canvassing the aetiology, prognosis and molecular signatures of obstructive sleep apnoea
Khurana, S., Sharda, S., Saha, B., Kumar, S., Guleria, R., & Bose, S. K. (2018) · Biomarkers · doi:10.1080/1354750x.2018.1514655 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“…habits that are a resultant of OSA and hypertension which is a major risk factor for CVD results in an increase in hs-CRP levels (Shamsuzzaman et al. 2002, Guilleminault et al. 2004, Meier-Ewert et al. 2004, Bhushan et al. 2009, Matthews et al. 2010, Arnardottir et al. 2012, Liu et al. 2014).”
BackgroundImplications of sleep disorders for periodontitis
Chen, L., Wang, N., Jinmei, Z., & Yang, J. (2022) · Sleep And Breathing · doi:10.1007/s11325-022-02769-x · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Fields, A. J., Hoyt, R. E., Linnville, S. E., & Moore, J. L. (2015) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105314568578 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“…have shown an association between sleep and CRP concentration between some groups, it was problematic to make comparisons of CRP levels for poor versus adequate sleepers as our participants were all good sleepers for their age (Liu et al., 2014; Meier-Ewert et al., 2004; Miller et al., 2009).”
BackgroundLankila, H., Kekäläinen, T., Hietavala, E., & Laakkonen, E. K. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-85134-8 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Contrary to the present study, in Liu et al.’ research, experiencing poor sleep quality was associated with higher levels of hs-CRP in women 60 .”
Obayashi, K., Saeki, K., & Kurumatani, N. (2016) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.05.023 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
James, L. E., Gottschlich, M. M., Nelson, J. K., Cone, L. C., & McCall, J. E. (2018) · Complementary Therapies in Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2018.11.027 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Overtime, Shift Work, Poor Sleep and the Effects on Obesity: A Public Health Problem
Faghri, P. D., & Buden, J. C. (2015) · Journal of Nutritional Disorders & Therapy · doi:10.4172/2161-0509.1000e126 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“Other commonly proposed mechanisms attempting to explain this relationship include: changes in eating habits [32], changes in hormone regulation altering serum ghrelin and leptin levels causing increased appetite [33], greater fatigue reducing physical activity levels [34], and physiological changes in inflammatory pa…”
BackgroundDennis, J. A., Alazzeh, A., Kumfer, A. M., McDonald-Thomas, R., & Peiris, A. N. (2018) · Sleep Disorders · doi:10.1155/2018/5987064 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“Using the method from Liu and colleagues [24], individuals who reported that they “almost always” (defined as 16-30 times per month) had at least one of a list of 8 sleep quality issues were categorized as having poor sleep quality.”
MethodLv, S., Jiao, H., Zhong, X., Qu, Y., Zhang, M., Wang, R., & Liu, D. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1446781 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Associations of Inflammation, Physical Activity, and Sleep in a Diverse Population of Women
Mayat, Z., Giardina, E. V., Liao, M., & Aggarwal, B. (2020) · Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.1089/jwh.2019.7663 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“29,30 33–35 Reports describe interactions between physical activity and sleep, with acute physical activity having a greater positive effect on sleep quality, duration, and insomnia severity 36,37 than chronic.”
C-Reactive Protein, Chronic Low Back Pain and, Diet and Lifestyle
Macphail, K. (2014) · Journal of Pain & Relief · doi:10.4172/2167-0846.1000160 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
The Association Between Body Mass Index and Sleep in a Predominantly Hispanic College Population
Benham, G. (2017) · Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.1177/0739986317707721 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“The impact of inadequate sleep on both cognitive functioning and physical health is now well established (Benham, 2010; Liu et al., 2014).”
BackgroundPainful GI Conditions and Their Bidirectional Relationships with Sleep Disturbances
Salwen‐Deremer, J. K., & Ballou, S. (2022) · Current Sleep Medicine Reports · doi:10.1007/s40675-022-00230-9 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Relationship between obstructive sleep Apnea Syndrome and Anthropometric Measures
Detregiachi, C. R. P., Quesada, K. R., Barbalho, S. M., Tofano, R. J., Andreasi, J. C., & Cantarim, L. B. (2019) · International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science · doi:10.22161/ijaers.6.6.4 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Hepsomali, P., Kagami‐Katsuyama, H., Coxon, C., Honma, N., Kinoshita, K., Hattori, H., & Nishihira, J. (2024) · Nutrition Bulletin · doi:10.1111/nbu.12695 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Sleep and Cardiovascular Dysfunctions in Bipolar Disorder
Nixon, A., Huỳnh, C., Godbout, R., & Robillard, R. (2017) · Current Sleep Medicine Reports · doi:10.1007/s40675-017-0085-0 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Tristayanthi, I. G. A. A. A., Utami, D. K. I., & Adnyana, I. M. O. (2023) · International Journal of Research and Review · doi:10.52403/ijrr.20230454 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Jak infekcje i cytokiny wpływają na sen i zachowanie człowieka i zwierząt?
Rakus, K. Ł., & Chadzińska, M. (2020) · Kosmos · doi:10.36921/kos.2020_2689
OBESITY AND SLEEP DURATION – INVESTIGATION OF DISORDERS OF GLYCOREGULATION AND SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION
Stamenković, Z., Pejčić, T., Bjelaković, M., Božanić, B., Topalović, M., Matejić, I., Jovanović, H., & Trajković, H. (2022) · Acta Medica Medianae · doi:10.5633/amm.2022.0106
Can nocturnal sleep after radiation therapy enhance treatment efficiency?
Enferadi, M. (2023) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2023.111083
ปจจยทำนายความแปรปรวนในการนอนหลบของผรอดชวตจากโรคกลามเนอหวใจตายเฉยบพลน
วงษ์กวน, ด., จิตปัญญา, ช., & ฉิมหลวง, จ. (2017) · doi:10.58837/chula.the.2017.1080
Inflammatory Biomarker Levels and Vaccine Response
Alkire, C. (2022) · doi:10.12794/metadc1944287
Akgül, A., Koç, N. S., Aylı, B. I., Öztürk, H., & Aylı, M. D. (2025) · Anatolian Current Medical Journal · doi:10.38053/acmj.1739247
- Authors
- Liu, R., Liu, X., Zee, P. C., Hou, L., Zheng, Z., Wei, Y., & Du, J.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- Capital Medical University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Liu, Rong
- Du, Jie
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2014-03-24
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- e92607
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3963926
- OpenAlex
- W1963858931
- Cited by
- 47
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 7.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- sleep quality, C-reactive protein, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, sleep disorders, inflammation, sex differences, adults, NHANES
- MeSH terms
- Adult, C-Reactive Protein, Data Collection, Female, Health, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, Sleep, United States
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
