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Sweetened beverages, coffee, and tea and depression risk among older US adults

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Guo, Xuguang, Park, Yikyung, Freedman, Neal D., Sinha, Rashmi, Hollenbeck, Albert R., Blair, Aaron, Chen, Honglei·2014·PLoS ONE
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0094715PMC PMC3990543
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Abstract

Sweetened beverages, coffee, and tea are the most consumed non-alcoholic beverages and may have important health consequences. We prospectively evaluated the consumption of various types of beverages assessed in 1995-1996 in relation to self-reported depression diagnosis after 2000 among 263,923 participants of the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were derived from multivariate logistic regressions. The OR (95% CI) comparing ≥4 cans/cups per day with none were 1.30 (95%CI: 1.17-1.44) for soft drinks, 1.38 (1.15-1.65) for fruit drinks, and 0.91 (0.84-0.98) for coffee (all P for trend<0.0001). Null associations were observed for iced-tea and hot tea. In stratified analyses by drinkers of primarily diet versus regular beverages, the ORs were 1.31 (1.16-1.47) for diet versus 1.22 (1.03-1.45) for regular soft drinks, 1.51 (1.18-1.92) for diet versus 1.08 (0.79-1.46) for regular fruit drinks, and 1.25 (1.10-1.41) for diet versus 0.94 (0.83-1.08) for regular sweetened iced-tea. Finally, compared to nondrinkers, drinking coffee or tea without any sweetener was associated with a lower risk for depression, adding artificial sweeteners, but not sugar or honey, was associated with higher risks. Frequent consumption of sweetened beverages, especially diet drinks, may increase depression risk among older adults, whereas coffee consumption may lower the risk.

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  • Consumption of sweetened beverages, processed foods, and processed pastries has been shown to be associated with increased risk of depression in longitudinal studies.

    “The consumption of sweetened beverages (12), processed foods (defined as including sweetened desserts, refined grains, fried foods, processed meats, and highfat dairy products) (13), and processed pastries (muffins, doughnuts, croissants, and other commercial baked goods) (14) has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of depression in longitudinal studies.”

    From High glycemic index diet as a risk factor for depression: analyses from the Women’s Health Initiative (2015) · cites this paper as [12]

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Authors
Guo, X., Park, Y., Freedman, N. D., Sinha, R., Hollenbeck, A. R., Blair, A., & Chen, H.
Affiliations
  • National Cancer Institute (US)
  • AARP (US)
  • National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (US)
Corresponding author
Chen, Honglei
ORCID
Venue
PLoS ONE
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published
2014-04-17
Volume
9
Issue
4
Pages
e94715
ISSN
1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0094715
PMC
PMC3990543
OpenAlex
W2108716947
Cited by
161
References
39
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 2
FWCI
7.05
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, public-domain)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, public-domain)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Cancer Institute
  • National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Coffee research and impacts
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
Keywords
sweetened beverages, coffee, tea, depression risk, older adults, soft drinks, fruit beverages, artificial sweeteners, sugar, honey, non-alcoholic beverages
MeSH terms
Coffee, Depression, Drinking, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk, Sweetening Agents, Tea, Odds Ratio

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