The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Phase Variation of Poly-N-Acetylglucosamine Expression in Staphylococcus aureus
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Additionally, it is believed that the ica operon is under phase variation, which has a role in slipped strand mispairing and leads to an on/off switch for expressing the products [50].”
From A Review of Biofilm Formation of Staphylococcus aureus and Its Regulation Mechanism (2022) · cites this paper as [50]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 42
- G Levinson, 1987, Slipped-strand mispairing: a major mechanism for DNA sequence evolution, Mol Biol Evol, 4, 203
- FR DeLeo, 2009, Reemergence of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the genomics era, J Clin Invest, 119, 2464, 10.1172/JCI38226 · DOI · Paper page
- P Cos, 2010, Biofilms: an extra hurdle for effective antimicrobial therapy, Curr Pharm Des, 16, 2279, 10.2174/138161210791792868 · DOI
- PS Stewart, 2002, Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in bacterial biofilms, Ijmm Int J Med Microbiol, 292, 107, 10.1078/1438-4221-00196 · DOI · Paper page
- PS Stewart, 2001, Antibiotic resistance of bacteria in biofilms, Lancet, 358, 135, 10.1016/S0140-6736(01)05321-1 · DOI · Paper page
- D Mack, 1996, The intercellular adhesin involved in biofilm accumulation of Staphylococcus epidermidis is a linear beta-1,6-linked glucosaminoglycan: purification and structural analysis, J Bacteriol, 178, 175, 10.1128/jb.178.1.175-183.1996 · DOI · Paper page
- T Maira-Litrán, 2002, Immunochemical properties of the staphylococcal poly-N-acetylglucosamine surface polysaccharide, Infect Immun, 70, 4433, 10.1128/IAI.70.8.4433-4440.2002 · DOI · Paper page
- N Cerca, 2007, Molecular basis for preferential protective efficacy of antibodies directed to the poorly acetylated form of staphylococcal poly-N-acetyl-beta-(1–6)-glucosamine, Infect Immun, 75, 3406, 10.1128/IAI.00078-07 · DOI
- D McKenney, 1998, The ica locus of Staphylococcus epidermidis encodes production of the capsular polysaccharide/adhesin, Infect Immun, 66, 4711, 10.1128/IAI.66.10.4711-4720.1998 · DOI · Paper page
- T Maira-Litrán, 2012, Synthesis and evaluation of a conjugate vaccine composed of Staphylococcus aureus poly-N-acetyl-glucosamine and clumping factor A, PLoS One, 7, e43813, 10.1371/journal.pone.0043813 · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0043813
- C Heilmann, 1996, Molecular basis of intercellular adhesion in the biofilm-forming Staphylococcus epidermidis, Mol Microbiol, 20, 1083, 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1996.tb02548.x · DOI · Paper page
- SE Cramton, 1999, The intercellular adhesion (ica) locus is present in Staphylococcus aureus and is required for biofilm formation, Infection & Immunity, 67, 5427, 10.1128/IAI.67.10.5427-5433.1999 · DOI · Paper page
- C Gerke, 1998, Characterization of the N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity involved in the biosynthesis of the Staphylococcus epidermidis polysaccharide intercellular adhesin, J Biol Chem, 273, 18586, 10.1074/jbc.273.29.18586 · DOI · Paper page
- C Vuong, 2004, A crucial role for exopolysaccharide modification in bacterial biofilm formation, immune evasion, and virulence, J Biol Chem, 279, 54881, 10.1074/jbc.M411374200 · DOI · Paper page
- KK Jefferson, 2003, Identification of a 5-nucleotide sequence that controls expression of the ica locus in Staphylococcus aureus and characterization of the DNA-binding properties of IcaR, Mol Microbiol, 48, 889, 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03482.x · DOI · Paper page
- CD Majerczyk, 2008, Staphylococcus aureus CodY negatively regulates virulence gene expression, J Bacteriol, 190, 2257, 10.1128/JB.01545-07 · DOI · Paper page
- J Valle, 2003, SarA and not sigma(B) is essential for biofilm development by Staphylococcus aureus, Mol Microbiol, 48, 1075, 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03493.x · DOI · Paper page
- S Tamber, 2009, SarZ promotes the expression of virulence factors and represses biofilm formation by modulating SarA and agr in Staphylococcus aureus, Infect Immun, 77, 419, 10.1128/IAI.00859-08 · DOI · Paper page
- NK Archer, 2011, Staphylococcus aureus biofilms: properties, regulation, and roles in human disease, Virulence, 2, 445, 10.4161/viru.2.5.17724 · DOI · Paper page
- D McKenney, 1999, Broadly protective vaccine for Staphylococcus aureus based on an in vivo-expressed antigen, Science, 284, 1523, 10.1126/science.284.5419.1523 · DOI · Paper page
- R Pokrzywa, 2010, BWtrs: A tool for searching for tandem repeats in DNA sequences based on the Burrows-Wheeler transform, Genomics, 96, 316, 10.1016/j.ygeno.2010.08.001 · DOI
- C Cywes-Bentley, 2013, Antibody to a conserved antigenic target is protective against diverse prokaryotic and eukaryotic pathogens, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 110, E2209, 10.1073/pnas.1303573110 · DOI · Paper page
- JV Martin-Lopez, 2002, Detection of Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates Harboring the ica Gene Cluster Needed for Biofilm Establishment, J Clin Microbiol, 40, 1569, 10.1128/JCM.40.4.1569-1570.2002 · doi:10.1128/jcm.40.4.1569-1570.2002
- MA Juarez-Verdayes, 2013, Staphylococcus epidermidis with the icaA-/icaD-/IS256- genotype and protein or protein/extracellular-DNA biofilm is frequent in ocular infections, J Med Microbiol 62(Pt, 10), 1579, 10.1099/jmm.0.055210-0 · DOI
- W Ziebuhr, 1999, A novel mechanism of phase variation of virulence in Staphylococcus epidermidis: evidence for control of the polysaccharide intercellular adhesin synthesis by alternating insertion and excision of the insertion sequence element IS256, Mol Microbiol, 32, 345, 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01353.x · DOI · Paper page
- S Kiem, 2004, Phase variation of biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus by IS 256 insertion and its impact on the capacity adhering to polyurethane surface, J Korean Med Sci, 19, 779, 10.3346/jkms.2004.19.6.779 · DOI
- SE Cramton, 2001, Anaerobic conditions induce expression of polysaccharide intercellular adhesin in Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, Infect Immun, 69, 4079, 10.1128/IAI.69.6.4079-4085.2001 · DOI · Paper page
- KL Rogers, 2008, The presence of icaADBC is detrimental to the colonization of human skin by Staphylococcus epidermidis, Appl Environ Microbiol, 74, 6155, 10.1128/AEM.01017-08 · doi:10.1128/aem.01017-08
- SJ Peacock, 2002, Virulent combinations of adhesin and toxin genes in natural populations of Staphylococcus aureus, Infect Immun, 70, 4987, 10.1128/IAI.70.9.4987-4996.2002 · DOI · Paper page
- MA Machuca, 2013, Molecular typing and virulence characteristic of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from pediatric patients in bucaramanga, Colombia, PLoS One, 8, e73434, 10.1371/journal.pone.0073434 · DOI
- T Maira-Litrán, 2005, Comparative opsonic and protective activities of Staphylococcus aureus conjugate vaccines containing native or deacetylated Staphylococcal Poly-N-acetyl-beta-(1–6)-glucosamine, Infect Immun, 73, 6752, 10.1128/IAI.73.10.6752-6762.2005 · DOI · Paper page
- PM Schlievert, 1983, Production of staphylococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C: influence of physical and chemical factors, J Infect Dis, 147, 236, 10.1093/infdis/147.2.236 · DOI · Paper page
- M Arnaud, 2004, New vector for efficient allelic replacement in naturally nontransformable, low-GC-content, gram-positive bacteria, Appl Environ Microbiol, 70, 6887, 10.1128/AEM.70.11.6887-6891.2004 · DOI · Paper page
- TT Luong, 2006, The arl locus positively regulates Staphylococcus aureus type 5 capsule via an mgrA-dependent pathway, Microbiology, 152, 3123, 10.1099/mic.0.29177-0 · DOI
- JC Lee, 1995, Electrotransformation of Staphylococci, Methods Mol Biol, 47, 209
- P Sander, 2002, Fitness cost of chromosomal drug resistance-conferring mutations, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 46, 1204, 10.1128/AAC.46.5.1204-1211.2002 · DOI · Paper page
- GD Christensen, 1985, Adherence of coagulase-negative staphylococci to plastic tissue culture plates: a quantitative model for the adherence of staphylococci to medical devices, J Clin Microbiol, 22, 996, 10.1128/JCM.22.6.996-1006.1985 · DOI · Paper page
- ME Skinner, 2009, JBrowse: a next-generation genome browser, Genome Res, 19, 1630, 10.1101/gr.094607.109 · DOI · Paper page
- MT Holden, 2010, Genome sequence of a recently emerged, highly transmissible, multi-antibiotic- and antiseptic-resistant variant of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, sequence type 239 (TW), J Bacteriol, 192, 888, 10.1128/JB.01255-09 · DOI · Paper page
- Chen FJ, Lauderdale TL, Wang LS, Huang IW (2013) Complete Genome Sequence of Staphylococcus aureus Z172, a Vancomycin-Intermediate and Daptomycin-Nonsusceptible Methicillin-Resistant Strain Isolated in Taiwan. Genome Announc 1: pii: e01011–13 · DOI
- Y Li, 2011, Complete genome sequence of Staphylococcus aureus T0131, an ST239-MRSA-SCCmec type III clone isolated in China, J Bacteriol, 193, 3411, 10.1128/JB.05135-11 · doi:10.1128/jb.05135-11
- BP Howden, 2010, Complete genome sequence of Staphylococcus aureus strain JKD6008, an ST239 clone of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with intermediate-level vancomycin resistance, J Bacteriol, 192, 5848, 10.1128/JB.00951-10 · doi:10.1128/jb.00951-10
Cited by
Hobley, L., Harkins, C., MacPhee, C. E., & Stanley-Wall, N. R. (2015) · FEMS Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1093/femsre/fuv015 · Cited by 581
“Transcription of the icaADBC operon has been shown to be controlled by phase variation, with PNAG-negative strains identified as possessing a growth advantage over the PNAG-producing siblings (Ziebuhr et al. 1997, 1999; Brooks and Jefferson 2014).”
BackgroundA Review of Biofilm Formation of Staphylococcus aureus and Its Regulation Mechanism
Peng, Q., Tang, X., Dong, W., Sun, N., & Yuan, W. (2022) · Antibiotics · doi:10.3390/antibiotics12010012 · Cited by 440
Kahl, B. C., Becker, K., & Löffler, B. (2016) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.00069-15 · Cited by 325
Metadata
- Authors
- Brooks, J. L., & Jefferson, K. K.
- Venue
- PLoS Pathogens
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2014-07-31
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- e1004292
- ISSN
- 1553-7374
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 0
- Language
- en
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Phase Variation of Poly-N-Acetylglucosamine Expression in Staphylococcus aureus. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004292
- The paper
- Brooks, J. L., & Jefferson, K. K. (2014). Phase Variation of Poly-N-Acetylglucosamine Expression in Staphylococcus aureus. PLoS Pathogens. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004292
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.