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Cited by 476Oral microbiology and periodontitis researchPreterm Birth and ChorioamnionitisGestational Diabetes Research and Management

Periodontal infection and preterm birth

JEFFCOAT, MARJORIE K., GEURS, NICO C., REDDY, MICHAEL S., CLIVER, SUZANNE P., GOLDENBERG, ROBERT L., HAUTH, JOHN C.·2001·The Journal of the American Dental Association
DOI 10.14219/jada.archive.2001.0299
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Abstract

Background Previous studies have suggested that chronic periodontal infection may be associated with preterm births. The authors conducted a prospective study to test for this association.Methods A total of 1,313 pregnant women were recruited from the Perinatal Emphasis Research Center at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. Complete periodontal, medical and behavioral assessments were made between 21 and 24 weeks gestation. After delivery, medical records were consulted to determine each infant's gestational age at birth. From these data, the authors calculated relationships between periodontal disease and preterm birth, while adjusting for smoking, parity (the state or fact of having born offspring), race and maternal age. Results were expressed as odds ratios and 95 percent confidence intervals, or CIs.Results Patients with severe or generalized periodontal disease had adjusted odds ratios (95 percent CI) of 4.45 (2.16-9.18) for preterm delivery (that is, before 37 weeks gestational age). The adjusted odds ratio increased with increasing prematurity to 5.28 (2.05-13.60) before 35 weeks' gestational age and to 7.07 (1.70-27.4) before 32 weeks' gestational age.Conclusions The authors' data show an association between the presence of periodontitis at 21 to 24 weeks' gestation and subsequent preterm birth. Further studies are needed to determine whether periodontitis is the cause.Clinical implications While this large prospective study has shown a significant association between preterm birth and periodontitis at 21 to 24 weeks' gestation, neither it nor other studies to date were designed to determine whether treatment of periodontitis will reduce the risk of preterm birth. Pending an answer to this important question, it remains appropriate to advise expectant mothers about the importance of good oral health.

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  • Periodontal disease has received widespread scrutiny, with some case-control studies suggesting an increased risk independent of other factors.

    “Periodontal disease has received widespread scrutiny with some case-control studies suggesting an increased risk independent of other factors.109, 110”

    From Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth (2008) · cites this paper as [110]

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Authors
JEFFCOAT, M. K., GEURS, N. C., REDDY, M. S., CLIVER, S. P., GOLDENBERG, R. L., & HAUTH, J. C.
Affiliations
University of Alabama (US)
Corresponding author
JEFFCOAT, MARJORIE K.
ORCID
GOLDENBERG, ROBERT L.
Venue
The Journal of the American Dental Association
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2001-07
Volume
132
Issue
7
Pages
875-880
ISSN
0002-8177 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.14219/jada.archive.2001.0299
OpenAlex
W2095371879
Cited by
476
References
15
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 36
FWCI
14.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • The Journal of the American Dental Association (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (IH HDP50 1HD33927)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
Keywords
periodontitis, preterm birth, periodontal disease, pregnancy, oral health, maternal oral health, gestational age, smoking
MeSH terms
Adult, Chronic Disease, Female, Gestational Age, Gingival Recession, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Obstetric Labor, Premature, Maternal Age, Parity, Periodontal Diseases, Periodontal Pocket, Periodontitis, Pregnancy, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Smoking, Confidence Intervals, Chi-Square Distribution, Odds Ratio, Periodontal Attachment Loss, Black People, White People

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