Reactive astrogliosis in the neonatal mouse brain and its modulation by cytokines
Open accessAbstract
Reactive astrogliosis is a characteristic response of astrocytes to inflammation and trauma of the adult CNS. To assess the hypothesis that cytokines from inflammatory mononuclear cells that accumulate around lesion sites have a role in modulating astrogliosis, this study sought to take advantage of the neonatal system in which astrogliosis is reported to be minimal following injury and in which the immune system is relatively immature compared to adult animals. A nitrocellulose membrane implant into the cortex of postnatal day 3 mice resulted in a tremendous astrogliotic response 4 d later, as measured by glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity and GFAP content. In contrast, a neonatal stab wound produced limited astroglial response when compared to the adult stab wound. Utilizing the neonatal stab wound model, cytokines were microinjected into the wound site at the time of injury. All cytokines tested (gamma-IFN, IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, TNF- alpha, and M-CSF) resulted in a significantly increased astrogliosis. The specificity of the cytokine response was demonstrated by the inability of human gamma-IFN, but not mouse gamma-IFN, in enhancing neonatal mouse astrogliosis, in accordance with reports that the interaction of gamma-IFN with its receptor occurs in a species-specific manner. We conclude that neonatal astrocytes can become reactive if an adequate injury stimulus is presented, and that the release of immunoregulatory cytokines by cells around lesion sites may be a mechanism that contributes to the production of gliosis.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
IL-6 supports proliferation of both astrocytes and microglia and enhances microglial phagocytosis.
“It has been shown to support proliferation of both astrocytes and microglia [151, 152] and enhance microglial phagocytosis [153, 154].”
From Glial contributions to neurodegeneration in tauopathies (2017) · cites this paper as [152]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
McKeon, R., Schreiber, R., Rudge, J., & Silver, J. (1991) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.11-11-03398.1991 · Cited by 1,188 · see citing works
Interleukin-1 Stimulation of Astroglial Proliferation After Brain Injury
Giulian, D., & Lachman, L. B. (1985) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3872478 · Cited by 847 · see citing works
Eng, L. F. (1985) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(85)80063-1 · Cited by 737 · see citing works
Interleukin-1 injected into mammalian brain stimulates astrogliosis and neovascularization
Giulian, D., Woodward, J., Young, D., Krebs, J., & Lachman, L. B. (1988) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.08-07-02485.1988 · Cited by 583 · see citing works
Woodroofe, M. N., Sarna, G. S., Wadhwa, M., Hayes, G. M., Loughlin, J., Tinker, A., & Cuzner, M. L. (1991) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/0165-5728(91)90110-s · Cited by 580 · see citing works
Quantitative aspects of reactive gliosis: A review
Norton, W. T., Aquino, D. A., Hozumi, I., Chiu, F., & Brosnan, C. F. (1992) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/bf00993263 · Cited by 549 · see citing works
Selmaj, K. W., Farooq, M., Norton, W. T., Raine, C. S., & Brosnan, C. F. (1990) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.144.1.129 · Cited by 544 · see citing works
Increase in IL-6, IL-1 and TNF levels in rat brain following traumatic lesion
Taupin, V., Toulmond, S., Serrano, A., Bénavidès, J., & Zavala, F. (1993) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/0165-5728(93)90008-m · Cited by 512 · see citing works
The role of mononuclear phagocytes in wound healing after traumatic injury to adult mammalian brain
Giulian, D., Chen, J., Ingeman, J., George, J., & Noponen, M. (1989) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.09-12-04416.1989 · Cited by 498 · see citing works
Bignami, A., & Dahl, D. R. (1974) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.901530104 · Cited by 491 · see citing works
Ameboid microglia as effectors of inflammation in the central nervous system
Giulian, D. (1987) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.490180123 · Cited by 482 · see citing works
Bignami, A., & Dahl, D. R. (1976) · Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2990.1976.tb00488.x · Cited by 474 · see citing works
Developmental and maturational changes in human blood lymphocyte subpopulations
Hannet, I., Erkeller-Yüksel, F., Lydyard, P. M., Deneys, V., & DeBruyère, M. (1992) · Immunology Today · doi:10.1016/0167-5699(92)90157-3 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Astrocytes Block Axonal Regeneration in Mammals by Activating the Physiological Stop Pathway
Liuzzi, F. J., & Lasek, R. J. (1987) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3603044 · Cited by 401 · see citing works
Fibrillary astrocytes proliferate in response to brain injury
Latov, N., Nilaver, G., Zimmerman, E. A., Johnson, W. G., Silverman, A., Defendini, R., & COTE, L. J. (1979) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/0012-1606(79)90127-1 · Cited by 397 · see citing works
Smith, G. M., Miller, R. H., & Silver, J. (1986) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902510103 · Cited by 383 · see citing works
Observations on the astrocyte response to a cerebral stab wound in adult rats
Mathewson, A. J., & Berry, M. (1985) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(85)91499-4 · Cited by 353 · see citing works
Deposition of Scar Tissue in the Central Nervous System
Berry, M., Maxwell, W. L., Logan, A., Mathewson, A. J., Mcconnell, P., Ashhurst, D. E., & Thomas, G. H. (1983) · Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum · doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-4147-2_3 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Takamiya, Y., Kohsaka, S., Toya, S., Otani, M., & Tsukada, Y. (1988) · Developmental Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0165-3806(88)90045-4 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
The proliferation of astrocytes around a needle wound in the rat brain.
Jb, C. (1970) · PubMed · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Logan, A., Frautschy, S. A., González, A.-M., Sporn, M. B., & Baird, A. (1992) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)91000-5 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Paoli, P. D., Battistin, S., & Santini, G. F. (1988) · Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology · doi:10.1016/0090-1229(88)90022-0 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Yong, V. W., Moumdjian, R. A., Yong, F. P., Ruijs, T. C. G., Freedman, M. S., Cashman, N. R., & Antel, J. P. (1991) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.88.16.7016 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Self-citationTchélingérian, J., Quinonero, J., Booss, J., & Jacque, C. (1993) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/0896-6273(93)90312-f · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Differentiation stages of human natural killer cells in lymphoid tissues from fetal to adult life.
Abo, T., Miller, C. A., Gartland, G. L., & Balch, C. M. (1983) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.157.1.273 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Interleukin‐1‐like activity in rat brain: Sources, targets, and effects of injury
Nieto‐Sampedro, M., & Berman, M. A. (1987) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.490170303 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Simmons, R. D., & Willenborg, D. O. (1990) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/0022-510x(90)90010-k · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Milligan, C. E., Levitt, P. R., & Cunningham, T. J. (1991) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.903140113 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Smith, M. E., Somera, F. P., & Eng, L. F. (1983) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(83)90822-3 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Biochemical and immunocytochemical changes in glial fibrillary acidic protein after sab wounds
Hozumi, I., Chiu, F., & Norton, W. T. (1990) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(90)90492-t · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Human astrocytes proliferate in response to tumor necrosis factor alpha
Barna, B. P., Estes, M. L., Jacobs, B., Hudson, S., & Ransohoff, R. M. (1990) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/0165-5728(90)90108-y · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Trauma‐induced proliferation of astrocytes in the brains of young and aged rats
Topp, K. S., Faddis, B. T., & Vijayan, V. K. (1989) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.440020309 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Detection of cytokine mRNA in astrocyte cultures using the polymerase chain reaction.
Wesselingh, S. L., Nm, G., Finlay‐Jones, J. J., & McDonald, P. (1990) · PubMed · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Differences between adult and neonatal rats in their astroglial response to spinal injury
Barrett, C. P., Donati, E. J., & Guth, L. (1984) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/0014-4886(84)90234-6 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
The response of the cerebral hemisphere of the rat to injury. II. The neonatal rat
Maxwell, W. L., Follows, R., Ashhurst, D. E., & Berry, M. (1990) · Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.1990.0122 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Autoradiographic Studies on Histogenesis of Brain Macrophages in the Mouse
Kitamura, T., Hattori, H., & Fujita, S. (1972) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/00005072-197207000-00008 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Cloning and expression of the cDNA for the murine interferon gamma receptor.
Gray, P. W., Leong, S., Fennie, E. H., Farrar, M. A., Pingel, J. T., Fernández-Luna, J. L., & Schreiber, R. D. (1989) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.86.21.8497 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Hemmi, S., Peghini, P. L., Metzler, M., Merlin, G., Dembić, Z., & Aguet, M. (1989) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.86.24.9901 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Goodlett, C. R., Leo, J. T., O'Callaghan, J. P., Mahoney, J. C., & West, J. R. (1993) · Developmental Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0165-3806(93)90162-4 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
The response of the cerebral hemisphere of the rat to injury. I. The mature rat
Maxwell, W. L., Follows, R., Ashhurst, D. E., & Berry, M. (1990) · Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.1990.0121 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Rudge, J. S. (1989) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/0014-4886(89)90180-5 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Aquino, D. A., Chiu, F., Brosnan, C. F., & Norton, W. T. (1988) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb03072.x · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Janeczko, K. J. (1988) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(88)90229-6 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Differential proliferative response of human and mouse astrocytes to gamma‐interferon
Yong, V. W., Tejada‐Berges, T., Goodyer, C. G., Antel, J. P., & Yong, F. P. (1992) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.440060405 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Self-citationPathological reaction of astrocytes in perinatal brain injury
Roessmann, U., & Gambetti, P. L. (1986) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00686088 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Preliminary studies of cytokine-induced functional effects on the visual pathways in the rabbit
Brosnan, C. F., Litwak, M. S., Schroeder, C. E., Selmaj, K. W., Raine, C. S., & Arezzo, J. C. (1989) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/0165-5728(89)90141-0 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Dissociation of GFAP intermediate filaments in eae: Observations in the lumbar spinal cord
Eng, L. F., D'Amelio, F. E., & Smith, M. E. (1989) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.440020504 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Interferons and central regulation of feeding
Plata‐Saláman, C. R. (1992) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.1992.263.6.r1222 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Electron microscopic study of the reaction of the newborn rat brain to injury
Sumi, S. M., & Hager, H. (1968) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00690707 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Smith, M. E., & Eng, L. F. (1987) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.490180129 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Origin of contralateral reactive gliosis in surgically injured rat cerebral cortex
Moumdjian, R. A., Antel, J. P., & Yong, V. W. (1991) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(91)90965-x · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citationGoldmuntz, E. A., Brosnan, C. F., Chiu, F., & Norton, W. T. (1986) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(86)91365-x · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Separate blood and brain origins of proliferating cells during gliosis in adult brains
Morshead, C. M., & van der Kooy, D. (1990) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(90)91606-h · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Immunofluorescence studies of the monocytes in the injured rat brain
Tsuchihashi, Y., Kitamura, T., & Fujita, S. (1981) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00688024 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Histological changes after transection of the spinal cord of fetal and neonatal mice
Gearhart, J. P., Oster‐Granite, M. L., & Guth, L. (1979) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/0014-4886(79)90058-x · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Yong, V. W. (1992) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/0022-510x(92)90117-4 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Self-citationRESPONSE OF FETAL AND NEONATAL RAT BRAIN TO INJURY
Moore, I. E., BUONTEMPO, J. M., & Weller, R. O. (1987) · Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2990.1987.tb00185.x · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Changes in astroglial scar formation in rat optic nerve as a function of development
Trimmer, P. A., & Wunderlich, R. E. (1990) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902960303 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
The proliferative response of S-100 protein-positive glial cells to injury in the neonatal rat brain
Janeczko, K. J. (1991) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(91)91355-5 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Demonstration of the presence of a specific interferon-γ receptor on murine astrocyte cell surface
Rubio, N., & Felipe, C. D. (1991) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/0165-5728(91)90166-5 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Bernstein, D. R., Bechard, D. E., & Stelzner, D. J. (1981) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(81)90425-0 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
The Age of Dependency of Enzymes in Reactive Glia.
Osterberg, K. A., & Wattenberg, L. W. (1963) · Experimental Biology and Medicine · doi:10.3181/00379727-113-28302 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Lu, C. Y., & Unanue, E. R. (1985) · Clinics in Immunology and Allergy · doi:10.1016/s0260-4639(22)00128-1 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
STAT3 is a Critical Regulator of Astrogliosis and Scar Formation after Spinal Cord Injury
Herrmann, J. E., Imura, T., Song, B., Qi, J., Ao, Y., Nguyen, T. K., Korsak, R. A., Takeda, K., Akira, S., & Sofroniew, M. V. (2008) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1709-08.2008 · Cited by 958 · see citing works
Astrocyte reactivity and reactive astrogliosis: costs and benefits
Pekny, M., & Pekna, M. (2014) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00041.2013 · Cited by 934 · see citing works
Inflammatory Mediators and Stroke: New Opportunities for Novel Therapeutics
Barone, F. C., & Feuerstein, G. (1999) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1097/00004647-199908000-00001 · Cited by 924 · see citing works
Curcumin—From Molecule to Biological Function
Esatbeyoglu, T., Huebbe, P., Ernst, I. M. A., Chin, D., Wagner, A. E., & Rimbach, G. H. (2012) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.201107724 · Cited by 908 · see citing works
Maternal Intrauterine Infection, Cytokines, and Brain Damage in the Preterm Newborn
Dammann, O., & Leviton, A. (1997) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1203/00006450-199707000-00001 · Cited by 886 · see citing works
Raivich, G., Bohatschek, M., Kloss, C. U. A., Werner, A., Jones, L. L., & Kreutzberg, G. W. (1999) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0165-0173(99)00007-7 · Cited by 843 · see citing works
Astrocytes: a central element in neurological diseases
Pekny, M., Pekna, M., Messing, A., Steinhäuser, C., Lee, J., Parpura, V., Hol, E. M., Sofroniew, M. V., & Verkhratsky, A. (2015) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-015-1513-1 · Cited by 755 · see citing works
Chemokines and chemokine receptors in leukocyte trafficking
Olson, T. S., & Ley, K. F. (2002) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00738.2001 · Cited by 670 · see citing works
The dual role of astrocyte activation and reactive gliosis
Pekny, M., Wilhelmsson, U., & Pekna, M. (2014) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2013.12.071 · Cited by 666 · see citing works
del Zoppo, G., Ginis, I., Hallenbeck, J. M., Iadecola, C., Wang, X., & Feuerstein, G. Z. (2000) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/j.1750-3639.2000.tb00247.x · Cited by 660 · see citing works
Boksa, P. (2010) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2010.03.005 · Cited by 603 · see citing works
Pineau, I., & Lacroix, S. (2006) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.21149 · Cited by 592 · see citing works
Cai, Z., Pan, Z.-L., Pang, Y., Evans, O. B., & Rhodes, P. G. (2000) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1203/00006450-200001000-00013 · Cited by 507 · see citing works
The Role of Inflammation and Cytokines in Brain Injury
Arvin, B. M., Neville, L. F., Barone, F. C., & Feuerstein, G. (1996) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/0149-7634(95)00026-7 · Cited by 417 · see citing works
The influence of neuroinflammation in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Matta, S. M., Hill‐Yardin, E. L., & Crack, P. J. (2019) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2019.04.037 · Cited by 414 · see citing works
Glial contributions to neurodegeneration in tauopathies
Leyns, C. E. G., & Holtzman, D. M. (2017) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-017-0192-x · Cited by 409 · see citing works
Probert, L., Akassoglou, K., Pasparakis, M., Kontogeorgos, G., & Kollias, G. A. (1995) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.92.24.11294 · Cited by 403 · see citing works
Cytokine Actions in the Central Nervous System
Benveniste, E. N. (1998) · Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews · doi:10.1016/s1359-6101(98)00015-x · Cited by 383 · see citing works
Interleukin‐1: A master regulator of neuroinflammation
Basu, A., Krady, J. K., & Levison, S. W. (2004) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.20266 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
Sriram, K., Matheson, J. M., Benkovic, S. A., Miller, D. B., Luster, M. I., & O'Callaghan, J. P. (2002) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.02-0216fje · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Interleukin-6, a mental cytokine
Spooren, A., Kolmus, K., Laureys, G., Clinckers, R., De Keyser, J., Haegeman, G., & Gerlo, S. (2011) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2011.01.002 · Cited by 352 · see citing works
Gyoneva, S., & Ransohoff, R. M. (2015) · Trends in Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tips.2015.04.003 · Cited by 344 · see citing works
Niranjan, R. (2013) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-013-8483-x · Cited by 331 · see citing works
Lau, L. T., & Yu, A. C. (2001) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/08977150151071035 · Cited by 324 · see citing works
Axonal Regeneration and Lack of Astrocytic Gliosis in EphA4-Deficient Mice
Goldshmit, Y., Galea, M. P., Wise, G. E., Bartlett, P. F., & Turnley, A. M. (2004) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2981-04.2004 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Liu, W., Tang, Y., & Feng, J. (2011) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2011.05.011 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Cytokines: Powerful Regulators of Glial Cell Activation
John, G. R., Lee, S. C., & Brosnan, C. F. (2003) · The Neuroscientist · doi:10.1177/1073858402239587 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Zhang, K., Tu, M., Gao, W., Cai, X., Song, F., Chen, Z., Zhang, Q., Wang, J., Jin, C., Shi, J., et al. (2019) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04729 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Astrogliosis in CNS Pathologies: Is There A Role for Microglia?
Zhang, D., Hu, X., Li, Q., O'Callaghan, J. P., & Hong, J. (2010) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-010-8098-4 · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Vincent, V. A. M., Tilders, F. J. H., & van Dam, A.-M. (1997) · Glia · doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199703)19:3 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Reactive gliosis in the pathogenesis of CNS diseases
Pekny, M., & Pekna, M. (2015) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.11.014 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
The Role of Astrocytes in Multiple Sclerosis Progression
Correale, J. D., & Farez, M. (2015) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2015.00180 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Inflammation in Traumatic Brain Injury: Role of Cytokines and Chemokines
Ghirnikar, R. S., Lee, Y. L., & Eng, L. F. (1998) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1023/a:1022453332560 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Microglia in Alzheimer's Disease: Exploring How Genetics and Phenotype Influence Risk
McQuade, A., & Blurton-Jones, M. (2019) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2019.01.045 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Silverman, W. F., Krum, J. M., Mani, N., & Rosenstein, J. M. (1999) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(98)00540-5 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Astrocyte activation and reactive gliosis—A new target in stroke?
Pekny, M., Wilhelmsson, U., Tatlisumak, T., & Pekna, M. (2018) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2018.07.021 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein: Regulation by Hormones, Cytokines, and Growth Factors
Laping, N. J., Teter, B., Nichols, N. R., Rozovsky, I., & Finch, C. E. (1994) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/j.1750-3639.1994.tb00841.x · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Proinflammatory cytokines increase glial fibrillary acidic protein expression in enteric glia
von Boyen, G. B. T., Steinkamp, M., Reinshagen, M., Schäfer, K.-H., Adler, G., & Kirsch, J. (2004) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.2003.012625 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
The functions of the preplate in development and evolution of the neocortex and hippocampus
Supèr, H., Soriano, E., & Uylings, H. B. M. (1998) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0165-0173(98)00005-8 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
The Role of Cytokines in the Neuropathology of Stroke and Neurotrauma
Feuerstein, G. Z., Wang, X., & Barone, F. C. (1998) · NeuroImmunoModulation · doi:10.1159/000026331 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Spataro, L. E., Dilgen, J., Retterer, S. T., Spence, A. J., Isaacson, M. S., Turner, J. N., & Shain, W. G. (2005) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.08.037 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Interleukin-2 as a neuroregulatory cytokine
Hanisch, U., & Quirion, R. (1995) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/0165-0173(95)00015-1 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Astrocytes: Integrative Regulators of Neuroinflammation in Stroke and Other Neurological Diseases
Cekanaviciute, E., & Buckwalter, M. S. (2016) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-016-0477-8 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines in experimental spinal cord injury
Klusman, I., & Schwab, M. E. (1997) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)00381-8 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Detection of DNA base-excision repair activity for oxidative lesions in adult rat brain mitochondria
Chen, D., Lan, J. Q., Pei, W., & Chen, J. (2000) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/1097-4547(20000715)61:2 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Self-citationAkiyama, H., Mori, H., Saido, T., Kondo, H., Ikeda, K., & McGeer, P. (1999) · Glia · doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(19990215)25:4 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Herx, L. M., Rivest, S., & Yong, V. W. (2000) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.165.4.2232 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Self-citationAttenuation of Astroglial Reactivity by Interleukin-10
Balasingam, V., & Yong, V. W. (1996) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.16-09-02945.1996 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Self-citationGomes, F. C. A., Paulin, D., & Moura‐Neto, V. (1999) · Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research · doi:10.1590/s0100-879x1999000500016 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Activation and Role of Astrocytes in Ischemic Stroke
Shen, X.-Y., Gao, Z.-K., Han, Y., Yuan, M., Guo, Y., & Bi, X. (2021) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2021.755955 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
New insights into glial scar formation after spinal cord injury
Tran, A. P., Warren, P. M., & Silver, J. (2021) · Cell and Tissue Research · doi:10.1007/s00441-021-03477-w · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Rousset, C. I., Chalon, S., Cantagrel, S., Bodard, S., Andres, C. R., Gressèns, P., & Saliba, É. (2006) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1203/01.pdr.0000199905.08848.55 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Rossi, D. (2015) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.04.003 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Chen, C., Zhang, H., Cui, S., Han, B., Zhou, L., Zhang, N., Su, X., Niu, Y., Chen, W. L., Chen, R., et al. (2019) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.026 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Roles of Eph receptors and ephrins in the normal and damaged adult CNS
Goldshmit, Y., McLenachan, S., & Turnley, A. M. (2006) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2006.04.006 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Kyrkanides, S., Olschowka, J. A., Williams, J. P., Hansen, J. T., & O’Banion, M. K. (1999) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(98)00270-7 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Ting, K. K., Brew, B. J., & Guillemin, G. J. (2009) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/1742-2094-6-36 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
The effects of interferon-γ on the central nervous system
Popko, B., Corbin, J. G., Baerwald, K. D., Dupree, J. L., & Garcia, A. M. (1997) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/bf02740619 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Fattori, E., Lazzaro, D., Musiani, P., Modesti, A., Alonzi, T., & Ciliberto, G. (1995) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.1995.tb01042.x · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Tehranian, R., Andell, S., Beni, S. M., Yatsiv, I., Shohami, E., Bartfai, T., Lundkvist, J., & Iverfeldt, K. (2002) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/089771502320317096 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Vallières, L., & Rivest, S. (1999) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.140.9.6983 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Role of glial filaments in cells and tumors of glial origin: a review
Rutka, J. T., Murakami, M., Dirks, P. B., Hubbard, S. L., Becker, L. E., Fukuyama, K., Jung, S., Tsugu, A., & Matsuzawa, K. (1997) · Journal of neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/jns.1997.87.3.0420 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans in the Nervous System: Inhibitors to Repair
Siebert, J. R., Conta, A. C., & Osterhout, D. J. (2014) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2014/845323 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Rostworowski, M., Balasingam, V., Chabot, S., Owens, T., & Yong, V. W. (1997) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.17-10-03664.1997 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Self-citationBMPR1a and BMPR1b Signaling Exert Opposing Effects on Gliosis after Spinal Cord Injury
Sahni, V., Mukhopadhyay, A., Tysseling, V. M., Hebert, A., Birch, D. V., McGuire, T. L., Stupp, S. I., & Kessler, J. A. (2010) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4459-09.2010 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
“Targeting astrocytes in CNS injury and disease: A translational research approach”
Filous, A. R., & Silver, J. (2016) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.03.009 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Immature anti-inflammatory response in neonates
SCHULTZ, C., Temming, P., Bucsky, P., Göpel, W., Strunk, T., & Härtel, C. (2003) · Clinical & Experimental Immunology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2004.02313.x · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Mattson, M. P., Cheng, B., Baldwin, S. A., Smith‐Swintosky, V. L., Keller, J. N., Geddes, J. W., Scheff, S. W., & Christakos, S. (1995) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.490420310 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Albrecht, P. J., Dahl, J. P., Stoltzfus, O. K., Levenson, R. G., & Levison, S. W. (2002) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1006/exnr.2001.7834 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Chabot, S., Williams, G., & Yong, V. W. (1997) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci119571 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Self-citationCytokines and Myelination in the Central Nervous System
Schmitz, T., & Chew, L. (2008) · The Scientific World JOURNAL · doi:10.1100/tsw.2008.140 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
MicroRNA dysregulation in spinal cord injury: causes, consequences and therapeutics
Nieto‐Díaz, M., Esteban, F. J., Reigada, D., Muñoz‐Galdeano, T., Yunta, M., Caballero-López, M. J., Navarro-Ruíz, R., del Águila, Á., & Maza, R. M. (2014) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2014.00053 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Reciprocal Modulation Between Microglia and Astrocyte in Reactive Gliosis Following the CNS Injury
Gao, Z., Zhu, Q., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y., Cai, L., Shields, C. B., & Cai, J. (2013) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-013-8460-4 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Interleukin-1β is Required for the Early Evolution of Reactive Astrogliosis Following CNS Lesion
Herx, L., & Yong, V. W. (2001) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1093/jnen/60.10.961 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Self-citationKlinkert, W. E. F., Kojima, K., Lesslauer, W., Rinner, W., Lassmann, H., & Wekerle, H. (1997) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(96)00183-x · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Optic nerve astrocyte reactivity protects function in experimental glaucoma and other nerve injuries
Sun, D., Moore, S., & Jakobs, T. C. (2017) · Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20160412 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Liu, C.-Y., Yang, Y., Ju, W.-N., Wang, X., & Zhang, H.-L. (2018) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2018.00193 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Neuropathologic Substrate of Cerebral Palsy
Folkerth, R. D. (2005) · Journal of Child Neurology · doi:10.1177/08830738050200120301 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Cell death, gliosis, and synaptic remodeling in the hippocampus of epileptic rats
Represa, A., Niquet, J., Pollard, H., & Ben‐Ari, Y. (1995) · Journal of Neurobiology · doi:10.1002/neu.480260313 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Neuronal interleukin-1 receptors mediate pain in chronic inflammatory diseases
Mailhot, B., Christin, M., Tessandier, N., Sotoudeh, C., Bretheau, F., Turmel, R., Pellerin, È., Wang, F., Bories, C., Joly-Beauparlant, C., et al. (2020) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20191430 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Caspase-11 Mediates Oligodendrocyte Cell Death and Pathogenesis of Autoimmune-Mediated Demyelination
Hisahara, S., Yuan, J., Momoi, T., Okano, H., & Miura, M. (2001) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.193.1.111 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Diversity of astroglial responses across human neurodegenerative disorders and brain aging
Ferrer, I. (2017) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/bpa.12538 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Tani, M., Glabinski, A. R., Tuohy, V. K., Stoler, M. H., Estes, M. L., & Ransohoff, R. M. (1996) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Elucidating the Early Signal Transduction Pathways Leading to Fetal Brain Injury in Preterm Birth
Elovitz, M. A., Mrinalini, C., & Sammel, M. D. (2005) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1203/01.pdr.0000191141.21932.b6 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Molecular Signals for Glial Activation: Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in the Injured Brain
Raivich, G., Jones, L. L., Werner, A., Blüthmann, H., Doetschmann, T., & Kreutzberg, G. W. (1999) · Acta neurochirurgica. Supplementum · doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-6391-7_4 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Nakamura, M., & Bregman, B. S. (2001) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1006/exnr.2001.7670 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Casamenti, F., Prosperi, C., Scali, C., Giovannelli, L., Colivicchi, M. A., Faussone‐Pellegrini, M. S., & Pepeu, G. (1999) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/s0306-4522(98)00680-0 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Eskes, C., Honegger, P., Juillerat‐Jeanneret, L., & Monnet‐Tschudi, F. (2001) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.10019 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Tenascin knockout mice: barrels, boundary molecules, and glial scars
Steindler, D. A., Settles, D. L., Erickson, H. P., Laywell, E. D., Yoshiki, A., Faissner, A., & Kusakabe, M. (1995) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.15-03-01971.1995 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Kyrkanides, S., O’Banion, M. K., Whiteley, P. E., Daeschner, J., & Olschowka, J. A. (2001) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(01)00404-0 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Inflammation in EAE: Role of chemokine/cytokine expression by resident and infiltrating cells
Eng, L. F., Ghirnikar, R. S., & Lee, Y. L. (1996) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/bf02527717 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Fatemi, S. H., Emamian, E. S., Sidwell, R. W., Kist, D. A., Stary, J. M., Earle, J. A., & THURAS, P. D. (2002) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001046 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Arnold, S. E., Franz, B. R., Trojanowski, J. Q., Moberg, P. J., & Gur, R. E. (1996) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s004010050425 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Evolution of Brain Injury After Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Neonatal Rats
Derugin, N., Wendland, M. F., Muramatsu, K., Roberts, T. P. L., Gregory, G. A., Ferriero, D. M., & Vexler, Z. S. (2000) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.31.7.1752 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Bridging the divide between neuroprosthetic design, tissue engineering and neurobiology
Leach, J. B. (2010) · Frontiers in Neuroengineering · doi:10.3389/neuro.16.018.2009 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Astrogliosis in the Adult and Developing CNS: Is There a Role for Proinflammatory Cytokines?
Little, A. R., & O'Callaghan, J. D. (2001) · NeuroToxicology · doi:10.1016/s0161-813x(01)00032-8 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Periventricular Leukomalacia: Overview and Recent Findings
Folkerth, R. D. (2006) · Pediatric and Developmental Pathology · doi:10.2350/06-01-0024.1 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Kahn, M. A., Ellison, J. A., Speight, G. J., & de Vellis, J. (1995) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(95)00411-i · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Chen, H., McCarty, D. M., Bruce, A. T., Suzuki, K., & Suzuki, K. (1999) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4547(19990215)55:4 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Niquet, J., Ben‐Ari, Y., & Represa, A. (1994) · Journal of Neurocytology · doi:10.1007/bf01191558 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
- Authors
- Balasingam, V, Tejada-Berges, T., Wright, E., Bouckova, R., & Yong, V.
- Affiliations
- McGill University (CA)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 1994-02-01
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 846-856
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6576825
- OpenAlex
- W2158406932
- Cited by
- 342
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 13.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Government of Canada
- Medical Research Council Canada
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Spinal Cord Injury Research
- Keywords
- reactive astrogliosis, neonatal brain, cytokines, astrocytes, stab wounds, glial fibrillary acidic protein, interferon-gamma, neuroinflammation, neonatal mice
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Animals, Newborn, Astrocytes, Brain, Brain Injuries, Cell Division, DNA, Female, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Humans, Inflammation, Interferon-gamma, Interleukin-1, Interleukin-2, Male, Mice, Inbred Strains, Microinjections, Recombinant Proteins, Thymidine, Time Factors, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Wounds, Stab, Biomarkers, Interleukin-6, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Cytokines, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
