Attention Modulates the Responses of Simple Cells in Monkey Primary Visual Cortex
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Spatial attention has long been postulated to act as a spotlight that increases the salience of visual stimuli at the attended location. We examined the effects of attention on the receptive fields of simple cells in primary visual cortex (V1) by training macaque monkeys to perform a task with two modes. In the attended mode, the stimuli relevant to the animal's task overlay the receptive field of the neuron being recorded. In the unattended mode, the animal was cued to attend to stimuli outside the receptive field of that neuron. The relevant stimulus, a colored pixel, was briefly presented within a white-noise stimulus, a flickering grid of black and white pixels. The receptive fields of the neurons were mapped by correlating spikes with the white-noise stimulus in both attended and unattended modes. We found that attention could cause significant modulation of the visually evoked response despite an absence of significant effects on the overall firing rates. On further examination of the relationship between the strength of the visual stimulation and the firing rate, we found that attention appears to cause multiplicative scaling of the visually evoked responses of simple cells, demonstrating that attention reaches back to the initial stages of visual cortical processing.
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In non-human primate visual system, visual spatial attention within the receptive field of a recorded neuron enhances both contrast gain and response gain.
“Attentional modulation of neural gain has been particularly well studied in the non-human primate visual system1,42,43, in which visual spatial attention within the receptive field of a recorded neuron enhances both contrast gain (that is, scaling of that neuron’s stimulus-response relationship along the contrast axis)43 and response gain (that is, multiplicative transformation of responses to all”
From Mechanisms underlying gain modulation in the cortex (2020) · cites this paper as [42]
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- Authors
- McAdams, C. J., & Reid, R. C.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2005-11-23
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 47
- Pages
- 11023-11033
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6725881
- OpenAlex
- W1964026607
- Cited by
- 203
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 6.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- U.S. Public Health Service (P30 12196)
- National Eye Institute (R01 EY12815, R01EY012815)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (T32-NS07484, T32NS007484)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Visual Attention and Saliency Detection
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Multisensory perception and integration
- Keywords
- spatial attention, simple cells, primary visual cortex, receptive fields, visual evoked potentials, attentional modulation, macaque, early visual processing
- MeSH terms
- Acoustic Stimulation, Action Potentials, Animals, Attention, Behavior, Animal, Brain Mapping, Cues, Electrophysiology, Evoked Potentials, Visual, Macaca fascicularis, Macaca mulatta, Neurons, Photic Stimulation, Space Perception, Visual Cortex
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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