Cited by 96Forensic and Genetic ResearchEvolution and Genetic DynamicsGenetic diversity and population structure

Testing for ancient selection using cross-population allele frequency differentiation

Open access
Racimo, Fernando·2016·Genetics

Published version of a preprint

Abstract

A powerful way to detect selection in a population is by modeling local allele frequency changes in a particular region of the genome under scenarios of selection and neutrality and finding which model is most compatible with the data. A previous method based on a cross-population composite likelihood ratio (XP-CLR) uses an outgroup population to detect departures from neutrality that could be compatible with hard or soft sweeps, at linked sites near a beneficial allele. However, this method is most sensitive to recent selection and may miss selective events that happened a long time ago. To overcome this, we developed an extension of XP-CLR that jointly models the behavior of a selected allele in a three-population tree. Our method - called "3-population composite likelihood ratio" (3P-CLR) - outperforms XP-CLR when testing for selection that occurred before two populations split from each other and can distinguish between those events and events that occurred specifically in each of the populations after the split. We applied our new test to population genomic data from the 1000 Genomes Project, to search for selective sweeps that occurred before the split of Yoruba and Eurasians, but after their split from Neanderthals, and that could have led to the spread of modern-human-specific phenotypes. We also searched for sweep events that occurred in East Asians, Europeans, and the ancestors of both populations, after their split from Yoruba. In both cases, we are able to confirm a number of regions identified by previous methods and find several new candidates for selection in recent and ancient times. For some of these, we also find suggestive functional mutations that may have driven the selective events.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1534/genetics.115.178095

Cites

101 of 101 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Sandrine Marie, Harry Cuppens, Michel Heuterspreute, Martine Jaspers, Eduardo Zambrano Tola, Xiao Xiao Gu, Eric Legius, M Vincent, Jaak Jaeken, Jean-Jacques Cassiman, et al. Mutation anal- ysis in adenylosuccinate lyase deficiency: Eight novel mutations in the re-evaluated full adsl coding sequence. Human mutation, 13(3):197-202, 1999.
  2. Iain Mathieson, Iosif Lazaridis, Nadin Rohland, Swapan Mallick, Bastien Llamas, Joseph Pickrell, Harald Meller, Manuel A Rojo Guerra, Johannes Krause, David Anthony, et al. Eight thousand years of natural selection in europe. bioRxiv, page 016477, 2015.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Racimo, F.
Affiliations
University of California, Berkeley (US)
Corresponding author
Racimo, Fernando
Venue
Genetics
Published
2015-11-20
Volume
202
Issue
2
Pages
733-750
ISSN
  • 0016-6731 (ISSN-L)
  • 1943-2631
OpenAlex
W2953216589
Cited by
96
References
101
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 3
FWCI
4.81
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Genetics (publishedVersion)
  • bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM040282, R01‑GM40282)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Forensic and Genetic Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic diversity and population structure
Keywords
selective sweeps, allele frequency differentiation, Neanderthal admixture, functional mutations, 1000 Genomes Project
MeSH terms
Algorithms, Alleles, Animals, Computer Simulation, Gene Frequency, Genetics, Population, Humans, Models, Genetic, ROC Curve, Selection, Genetic, Evolution, Molecular, Genomics, White People, Asian People, Genome-Wide Association Study, Neanderthals

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review