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Cited by 248Autism Spectrum Disorder ResearchCerebral Palsy and Movement DisordersFamily and Disability Support Research

Autism Spectrum Disorder, ADHD, Epilepsy, and Cerebral Palsy in Norwegian Children

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Surén, Pål, Bakken, Inger Johanne, Aase, Heidi, Chin, Richard, Gunnes, Nina, Lie, Kari Kveim, Magnus, Per, Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted +3 more·2012·Pediatrics
DOI 10.1542/peds.2011-3217PMC PMC4074608
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have investigated the prevalence of neurologic and neurodevelopmental disorders individually, but few have examined them collectively, and there is uncertainty as to what extent they overlap. METHODS: The study has determined the proportions of children aged 0 to 11 years with diagnoses of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), epilepsy, and cerebral palsy (CP) in Norway. The data were obtained from the Norwegian Patient Register, which is nationwide and contains diagnoses assigned by Norwegian specialist health services (hospitals and outpatient clinics). The Norwegian Patient Register started collecting individual-level data in 2008, and the follow-up period for the study is years 2008 through 2010. RESULTS: For ASD, ADHD, and epilepsy, the proportions were highest in the oldest children. At age 11 years, the incidence was 0.7% for ASD, 2.9% for ADHD, and 0.9% for epilepsy. The cumulative incidence is likely to be higher because some cases diagnosed before 2008 were probably missed. For CP, the proportions were ∼0.3% for age ≥5 years. There was considerable overlap between diagnoses. For all disorders, boys had a significantly increased risk. In school-age children (aged 6–11 years) the male/female ratio was 4.3 for ASD, 2.9 for ADHD, 1.2 for epilepsy, and 1.3 for CP. CONCLUSIONS: The findings demonstrate the significant burden of disease associated with neurologic and neurodevelopmental disorders in children and that this burden is disproportionately skewed toward boys.

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  • Adverse childhood experiences, such as psychological and physical abuse and neglect, parental substance abuse and mental illness, all increase the risk of both physical and mental health problems, as well as health risk behaviours.

    “Adverse childhood experiences, such as psychological and physical abuse and neglect, parental substance abuse and mental illness, all increase the risk of both physical and mental health problems, as well as health risk behaviours [36-41].”

    From Mental disorders in foster children: a study of prevalence, comorbidity and risk factors (2013) · cites this paper as [38]

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Authors
Surén, P., Bakken, I. J., Aase, H., Chin, R., Gunnes, N., Lie, K. K., Magnus, P., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., Schjølberg, S., Øyen, A.-S., & Stoltenberg, C.
Affiliations
  • Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NO)
  • The Norwegian Patient Register, Trondheim, Norway;
  • The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway;
ORCID
Venue
Pediatrics
Publisher
American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
Published
2012-07-01
Volume
130
Issue
1
Pages
e152-e158
ISSN
  • 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-4275
DOI
10.1542/peds.2011-3217
PMC
PMC4074608
OpenAlex
W2135881458
Cited by
248
References
23
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 18
FWCI
15.22
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Norges Forskningsråd (189457)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (U01NS047537, NS47537)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family and Disability Support Research
Keywords
autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, epilepsy, cerebral palsy, neurodevelopmental disorders, neurological disorders, prevalence, incidence, comorbidities, sex differences, children
MeSH terms
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Cerebral Palsy, Child, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Child, Preschool, Epilepsy, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Norway, Registries, Comorbidity, Incidence, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution

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