The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 55 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 2 of the 26 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT
Open accessAbstract
To evaluate the effect of a clinic-based screening and referral system (WE CARE) on families' receipt of community-based resources for unmet basic needs.
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Claims the paper makes
2 of 26 cited sources checked · 1 supported · 0 flagged · accuracy not yet measured
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“There was no effect modification on any outcome measure by study wave or maternal depression.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > FIGURE 1
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“WE CARE children had greater odds of being in child care (aOR = 6.3; 95% CI, 1.5-26.0).”
- Also stated in: § FIGURE 1 · plain
“WE CARE children had greater odds of being enrolled in a child care (aOR = 6.3; 95% CI, 1.5-26.0)”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > METHODS:
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Also stated in: § FIGURE 1 · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For each type of need, WE CARE mothers had significantly greater adjusted odds of receiving a referral (Table 3).”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > FIGURE 1
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At the 12-month visit, more WE CARE mothers had enrolled in a new community resource (39% vs 24%; aOR = 2.1; 95% CI, 1.2-3.7).”
- Also stated in: § FIGURE 1 · plain
“At the 12-month well child care visit, more WE CARE mothers had enrolled in $1 new resource (39% vs 24%; aOR = 2.1; 95% CI, 1.2-3.7).”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > METHODS:
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Also stated in: § FIGURE 1 · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“WE CARE mothers had greater odds of being employed (aOR = 44.4;95% CI, 9.8-201.4).”
- Also stated in: § FIGURE 1 · plain
“WE CARE mothers had greater odds of being employed or enrolled in a job training program (aOR = 44.4;95% CI, 9.8-201.4)”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > METHODS:
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Also stated in: § FIGURE 1 · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The NNT for WE CARE to result in a mother receiving a referral to community-based resources was 1.6; the NNT for families to enroll in a resource was 6.7.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > FIGURE 1
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At 9-month follow-up, more WE CARE mothers had contacted a community resource than control mothers (65% vs 49%; aOR = 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1-2.1).”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > FIGURE 1
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“More WE CARE mothers received $1 referral at the index visit (70% vs 8%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 29.6;95% confidence interval [CI], 14.7-59.6).”
- Also stated in: § FIGURE 1 · plain
“More WE CARE mothers received $1 referral at the index visit than control mothers (70% vs 8%; aOR = 29.6;95% CI, 14.7-59.6).”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > METHODS:
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Also stated in: § FIGURE 1 · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“WE CARE families had greater odds of receiving fuel assistance (aOR = 11.9;95% CI, 1.7-82.9)”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > METHODS:
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The NNT for WE CARE to result in a mother receiving a referral to community-based resources was 1.6; the NNT for families to enroll in a resource was 6.7.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > FIGURE 1
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes
- Probably not a substantial claim. 25
- It may state two separate claims as one. 14
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Within the Children's HealthWatch survey, food insecurity is assessed on the 18-item US Food Security Scale, a valid and reliable instrument with established clinical cutoffs.23,25”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > Baseline Data
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [23] Frank, 2010, Cumulative hardship and wellness of low-income, young children: multisite surveillance study., Pediatrics source
- Partly supportedcites [25] Cook, 2006, Child food insecurity increases risks posed by household food insecurity to young children’s health., J Nutr sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The paper describes the US Food Security Scale as an 18-question instrument and says the study derived food-security status from it using established procedures (Methods; Exposure variable, page not provided). It does not establish that the scale is valid and reliable or that its classification thresholds are clinical cutoffs. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“There is nearly universal agreement in the scientific and public health communities that social determinants, 1 the circumstances in which people live and work, affect health. 1”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [1] Marmot, 2006 source
The Abstract says social factors are at the root of many health inequalities. Panel 2, “The solid facts,” states directly that the circumstances in which people live and work matter for both communicable and non-communicable disease. (LLM, conf=0.93)
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
- Supported
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“More than 90% of subjects reported $1 unmet basic need at baseline, 68% reported $2 needs, and 39% reported $3 needs.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > Baseline Characteristics
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Overall, 42% of WE CARE mothers received $2 referrals at the visit; 21% received $3 referrals.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > FIGURE 1
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The most common need was unemployment (57%), followed by housing instability (43%) (Table 2).”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > Baseline Characteristics
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“This scale consists of 8 questions; a score of .10 has an 88% sensitivity and 88% specificity for major depressive episode.26”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > Baseline Data
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [26] Kroenke, 2009, The PHQ-8 as a measure of current depression in the general population., J Affect Disord source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Children raised in poverty experience poorer health than children from more advantaged backgrounds and commonly face unmet basic needs such as food security, stable housing, or an adequately heated home. [3][4][5][6][7][8]”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [3] Aber, 1997, The effects of poverty on child health and development., Annu Rev Public Health source
- Not checked yetcites [4] Duncan, 1997
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [5] Brooks-Gunn, 1997, The effects of poverty on children., Future Child source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Overall, we obtained follow-up data for 271 participants (81%) (Fig 1).”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > Referrals, Contact, and Enrollment
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 271Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Therefore, addressing the social determinants of child health in the clinical setting is currently more of a moral imperative than it is an evidence-based practice.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Initial contact was assessed in both study arms by a brief structured telephone interview performed by a masked research assistant when the infant was 9 months of age.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > Study Outcomes
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We estimated that each study arm would need 168 mothers to detect an absolute difference of 15% in the overall enrollment in resources assuming equal cluster sizes, an intraclass correlation of .01,an enrollment rate of 5% in the control group, statistical power of 80%, 2-tailed a of .05,and a 15% loss to follow-up.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > Sample Size and Statistical Analysis
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Numerous American Academy of Pediatrics policy statements and Bright Futures health supervision guidelines support this view and have been published in an effort to reinforce this practice.[13][14][15][16][17]”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [13] Medical Home Initiatives for Children With Special Needs Project Advisory Committee. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2002, The medical home., Pediatrics
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [14] Schor, 2003, Family pediatrics: report of the Task Force on the Family., Pediatrics
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [15] American Academy of Pediatrics Council on Community Pediatrics, 2013, . Community pediatrics: navigating the intersection of medicine, public health, and social determinant of children’s health., Pediatrics source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Finally, because of a lack of previous studies, we overestimated our adjusted intraclass correlation coefficient effect.This adjustment resulted in our ability to detect smaller between-group differences than we originally anticipated.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > DISCUSSION
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“There were no differences in age, gender, clinician type (pediatrician, nurse practitioner), or years in practice between intervention and control arm clinicians (data not shown).”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > Baseline Characteristics
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We relied on maternal self-report to measure our outcomes, which may have introduced social desirability and recall biases.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > DISCUSSION
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“our previous work found that visit time was marginally increased.19”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [19] Garg, 2007, Improving the management of family psychosocial problems at low-income children’s well-child care visits: the WE CARE Project., Pediatrics source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Written informed consent was obtained from all participants before enrollment.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > Participants and Enrollment
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“To assess potential confounding, we examined group differences between sociodemographic variables and basic needs at baseline.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > Sample Size and Statistical Analysis
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“All Children's HealthWatch questions are internally validated, and a composite Children's HealthWatch measure of cumulative hardships combining food, housing, and energy insecurity has previously been correlated with children's health status, developmental concerns, and a composite child wellness indicator.23”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > Baseline Data
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [23] Frank, 2010, Cumulative hardship and wellness of low-income, young children: multisite surveillance study., Pediatrics source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Community-based resources may be more available in Boston than in other locations.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > DISCUSSION
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“Because we did not find any meaningful confounding, and per Murray and Blistein's 35 suggested method, we chose covariates (race, marital status, and maternal employment) that reduced the intraclass correlation effect for our regression models.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > Sample Size and Statistical Analysis
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Murray and Blistein's 35
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“To determine enrollment, 2 different study team members reviewed the questionnaires, with the primary reviewer being masked.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > Study Outcomes
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“The WE CARE clinical screening instrument was adapted from a larger family psychosocial screening instrument with test-retest reliability of .92. 19”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > WE CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [19] Garg, 2007, Improving the management of family psychosocial problems at low-income children’s well-child care visits: the WE CARE Project., Pediatrics source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“An intention-to-treat approach was used to compare intervention and control groups on study outcomes.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > Sample Size and Statistical Analysis
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We excluded preterm infants and infants with special health care needs because such infants are often engaged with other services (eg, Early Intervention) and could be expected to benefit from WE CARE differently from healthy infants in terms of our outcome measures.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > Participants and Enrollment
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The study was conducted at CHCs, which may limit its generalizability.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > DISCUSSION
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“Silverstein et al 41 demonstrated that a computer-generated clinic-based referral system increased enrollment of low-income children in Head Start.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [41] Silverstein, 2004, Effect of a clinic-based referral system to head start: a randomized controlled trial., JAMA source
Strength:boosted· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We tested effect modification by enrollment wave and maternal depression by entering interaction terms into the regression models.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > Sample Size and Statistical Analysis
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“Wyliet al 42 demonstrated the impact that a Web-based screening and referral system has on the identification of social needs in adolescents.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [42] Wylie, 2012, Assessing and referring adolescents’ health-related social problems: qualitative evaluation of a novel web-based approach., J Telemed Telecare source
Strength:boosted· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The study was approved by the Boston University Medical Center Institutional Review Board and registered on clinicaltrials.gov(NCT01303458).”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > Study Design and Setting
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Additionally, for all outcome measures collected after the index visit, we adjusted the models for duration of follow-up time.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > Sample Size and Statistical Analysis
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“A previous study by our group demonstrated that a similar system can lead to more discussion and referrals for family psychosocial problems by pediatric trainees.19”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [19] Garg, 2007, Improving the management of family psychosocial problems at low-income children’s well-child care visits: the WE CARE Project., Pediatrics source
Strength:boosted· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We view our results as more of a proof of principle than evidence of a specific program.”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > DISCUSSION
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“For decades, leaders in the field of pediatrics have argued that addressing a child's social needs falls within the purview of the child health provider.[9][10][11][12]”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [9] Haggerty, 1975 source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [10] Zuckerman, 1995, Preventive pediatrics—new models of providing needed health services., Pediatrics source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [11] Wood, 2003, Effect of child and family poverty on child health in the United States., Pediatrics source
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“We decided to screen for these needs because of their high prevalence among urban families, 19,27 the public availability of community resources designed to address them, and previous research demonstrating the association of these needs with negative child outcomes.23,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34]”
§ Addressing Social Determinants of Health at Well Child Care Visits: A Cluster RCT > WE CARE
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [19] Garg, 2007, Improving the management of family psychosocial problems at low-income children’s well-child care visits: the WE CARE Project., Pediatrics source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [27] Garg, 2009, Screening for basic social needs at a medical home for low-income children., Clin Pediatr (Phila) source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [23] Frank, 2010, Cumulative hardship and wellness of low-income, young children: multisite surveillance study., Pediatrics source
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper relies on this without support.
There were no systematic biases in receipt of city-wide early childhood and home visitation programs between study groups.
“However, we are not aware of any systematic biases in receipt of these programs, which probably would have exerted a conservative bias.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Screening practices for social drivers of health, such as FI, are often limited in the clinical setting because of insufficient time, inadequate training, lack of resources, and sensitivity of questions [26].”
From Food Insecurity Screening and Referral Practices of Pediatric Clinicians in Metropolitan Washington, DC (2024) · cites this paper as [26]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Studies of referral-based interventions reported moderate increases in patient food program referrals (SMD = 0.67, 95% CI, 0.36-0.98; SMD = 1.42, 95% CI, 0.76-2.08)”
From Interventions Addressing Food Insecurity in Health Care Settings: A Systematic Review (2019) · cites this paper as [22]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“One study found only modest effects of a waiting room-based intervention on patient enrollment in food-related resources (Table 2). 22”
From Interventions Addressing Food Insecurity in Health Care Settings: A Systematic Review (2019) · cites this paper as [22]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Rates of patients receiving referrals as a result of the intervention ranged from 30% to 75% (Table 2). 16,22,27,29,35,40”
From Interventions Addressing Food Insecurity in Health Care Settings: A Systematic Review (2019) · cites this paper as [22]
In the citing paper
“the evidence supporting the different components of this pathway is not yet robust.”
From Revising the logic model behind health care's social care investments (2024) · cites this paper as [12]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Household income percentage does not match the counts
MinorThe two income categories contain 332 mothers in total, so 260 mothers represent 78.3%, not 79%. Using all 336 enrolled mothers would yield 77.4%, also not 79%.
Reported 79 · recomputed 77.380952
“| ,$40 000 | 260 (79) | 134 (81) | 126 (75) | | $$40 000 | 72 (22) | 32 (19) | 40 (24) |”
Multiracial category percentage is understated
MinorSixteen of 336 mothers is 4.76%, which rounds to 5%, not the reported 4%. Excluding mothers with unknown race would make the percentage higher, not lower.
Reported 4 · recomputed 4.761905
“| Non-Hispanic .1 race | 16 (4) | 12 (7) | 4 (3) |”
Citation number does not identify the named authors
MinorThe methods text cites Murray and Blistein as reference 35, but their work is listed as reference 34.
“per Murray and Blistein's 35 suggested method”
“34. Murray DM, Blistein JL. Methods to reduce the impact of intraclass correlation in group-randomized trials. Eval Rev. 2003;27(1):79-103”
Citations
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Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Shonkoff, 2000, From Neurons to Neighborhoods
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Items 101–200 of 622
Social Risks Among Primary Care Patients in a Large Urban Health System
Heller, C. G., Parsons, A. S., Chambers, E. C., Fiori, K. P., & Rehm, C. D. (2020) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2019.11.011 · Cited by 52
Vest, J. R., Menachemi, N., Grannis, S. J., Ferrell, J. L., Kasthurirathne, S. N., Zhang, Y., Tong, Y., & Halverson, P. K. (2019) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2018.11.009 · Cited by 51
Parent Perspectives on Screening for Social Needs During Pediatric Hospitalizations
Leary, J. C., Rijhwani, L., Bettez, N. M., Harrington, Y., LeClair, A. M., Garg, A., & Freund, K. M. (2022) · Hospital Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/hpeds.2021-006411 · Cited by 52
Self-citationNonresponse to Health-Related Social Needs Screening Questions
Ray, K. N., Gitz, K. M., Hu, A., Davis, A. A., & Miller, E. P. (2020) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2020-0174 · Cited by 49
Beidler, L. B., Razon, N., Lang, H., & Fraze, T. K. (2022) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-022-07531-3 · Cited by 45
“There is some evidence that social needs referrals, especially within pediatric settings, can improve care outcomes.(23,41,42) Yet, significant gaps in the literature remain.”
BackgroundInfants Exposed To Homelessness: Health, Health Care Use, And Health Spending From Birth To Age Six
Clark, R. E., Weinreb, L., Flahive, J., & Seifert, R. W. (2019) · Health Affairs · doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2019.00090 · Cited by 49
Identification of Caregiver-Reported Social Risk Factors in Hospitalized Children
Vaz, L. E., Wagner, D. V., Ramsey, K., JENISCH, C., Austin, J. P., Jungbauer, R. M., Felder, K. K., Vega-Juarez, R., Gómez, M., Koskela-Staples, N. C., et al. (2020) · Hospital Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/hpeds.2019-0206 · Cited by 47
PediCARE: Development of a poverty‐targeted intervention for pediatric cancer
Umaretiya, P. J., Revette, A. C., Seo, A., Flamand, Y., Ilcisin, L. A. S., Zheng, D. J., Bhatia, S., Wolfe, J., & Bona, K. O. (2021) · Pediatric Blood & Cancer · doi:10.1002/pbc.29195 · Cited by 47
Fei‐Zhang, D. J., Chelius, D. C., Patel, U. A., et al. (2023) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.0016 · Cited by 46
Garg, A., Brochier, A., Messmer, E., & Fiori, K. P. (2021) · Academic Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.acap.2021.02.007 · Cited by 46
Self-citationBanks, A. R., Bell, B. A., Ngendahimana, D., Embaye, M., Freedman, D. A., & Chisolm, D. J. (2021) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-021-11465-6 · Cited by 45
“Despite these barriers, screening for food insecurity and other SDH in primary care settings may result in more referrals and thus the potential for more individuals or families to access needed community resources [18].”
BackgroundChanges in psychosocial functioning among urban, school-age children during the COVID-19 pandemic
Spencer, A. E., Oblath, R., Dayal, R. R., Loubeau, J. K., Lejeune, J., Sikov, J., Savage, M., Posse, C., Jain, S., Zolli, N., et al. (2021) · Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health · doi:10.1186/s13034-021-00419-w · Cited by 46
“THRIVE was developed as an adaptation of WE CARE (Well Child Care, Evaluation, Community Resources, Advocacy, Referral, Education), a pediatric social needs screening and referral program [35].”
MethodSelf-citationSchickedanz, A. B., Dreyer, B. P., & Halfon, N. (2015) · Pediatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2015.05.008 · Cited by 52
Social Needs Resource Connections: A Systematic Review of Barriers, Facilitators, and Evaluation
Steeves-Reece, A. L., Totten, A. M., Broadwell, K. D., Richardson, D. M., Nicolaidis, C., & Davis, M. M. (2022) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2021.12.002 · Cited by 50
The ‘ what’ and ‘ how ’ of screening for social needs in healthcare settings: a scoping review
Karran, E. L., Cashin, A. G., Barker, T., Boyd, M. A., Chiarotto, A., Dewidar, O., Petkovic, J., Sharma, S., Tugwell, P., & Moseley, G. L. (2023) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.15263 · Cited by 44
“access to community resources) (Garg et al., 2015) and health outcomes (e.”
BackgroundAccelerating the Implementation of Social Determinants of Health Interventions in Internal Medicine
Byhoff, E., Freund, K. M., & Garg, A. (2017) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-017-4230-8 · Cited by 47
Self-citationSokol, R. L., Ammer, J., Stein, S. F., Trout, P., Mohammed, L., & Miller, A. L. (2021) · Journal of Pediatric Health Care · doi:10.1016/j.pedhc.2021.08.004 · Cited by 44
Social determinants of health for children with cerebral palsy and their families
Ostojic, K., Karem, I., Paget, S., Berg, A., Dee-Price, B.-J. M., Lingam, R., Dale, R. C., Eapen, V., Woolfenden, S. R., & EPIC‐CP Group (2023) · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology · doi:10.1111/dmcn.15640 · Cited by 44
“…(defined as adverse social conditions such as housing insecurity) 9 with patients and their families in a safe and respectful manner; a growing number of tools support clinicians in this endeavour (e.g. Child Labour Evidence to Action Research Collaboration Toolkit, 42 WE CARE screening tool 43 ).”
BackgroundStarr, M. C., Fisher, K. R., Thompson, K., Thurber-Smith, K., & Hingorani, S. R. (2018) · Preventive Medicine Reports · doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.02.019 · Cited by 43
Housing Assistance and Child Health: A Systematic Review
Slopen, N. B., Fenelon, A. T., Newman, S. J., & Boudreaux, M. H. (2018) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2017-2742 · Cited by 46
Children in nonparental care: health and social risks
Beal, S. J., & Greiner, M. V. (2015) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/pr.2015.198 · Cited by 41
Gold, R. B., Bunce, A., Cottrell, E., Marino, M., Middendorf, M., Cowburn, S., Wright, D. A., Mossman, N., Dambrun, K., Powell, B. J., et al. (2019) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/s13012-019-0855-9 · Cited by 41
Child Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Bad Situation Made Worse
Kalluri, N. S., Kelly, C. A., & Garg, A. (2020) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2020-041525 · Cited by 42
Self-citationA social care system implemented in pediatric primary care: a cluster RCT
Garg, A., Brochier, A., Tripodis, Y., Messmer, E., & Drainoni, M.-L. (2023) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2023-061513 · Cited by 42
Self-citationEvictions and Infant and Child Health Outcomes
Ramphal, B., Keen, R., Okuzuno, S. S., Ojogho, D., & Slopen, N. B. (2023) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.7612 · Cited by 44
Schoenthaler, A., Hassan, I., & Fiscella, K. A. (2018) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2018.10.025 · Cited by 45
Preventive care recommendations to promote health equity
Persaud, N., Sabir, A., Woods, H., Sayani, A., Agarwal, A., Chowdhury, M., de Leon-Demare, K., Ibezi, S., Jan, S. H., Katz, A., et al. (2023) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.230237 · Cited by 46
Can Postpartum Depression Be Managed in Pediatric Primary Care?
Olin, S.-C. S., Kerker, B., Stein, R. E. K., Weiss, D., Whitmyre, E. D., Hoagwood, K., & Horwitz, S. M. (2016) · Journal of Women's Health · doi:10.1089/jwh.2015.5438 · Cited by 40
Pinto, A. D., Bondy, M., Rucchetto, A., Ihnat, J., & Kaufman, A. (2019) · Family Practice · doi:10.1093/fampra/cmy129 · Cited by 42
“have found in a series of studies in paediatric settings that follow-up with patients after providing them with information on community resources to address social needs is vital to successfully addressing these needs (35,39,40).”
BackgroundPrevalence of Social Risks on Inpatient Screening and Their Impact on Pediatric Care Use
Fritz, C. Q., Thomas, J. F., Gambino, J., Torok, M., & Brittan, M. S. (2020) · Hospital Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/hpeds.2020-0094 · Cited by 40
Qualitative program evaluation of social determinants of health screening and referral program
Emengo, V. N., Williams, M. S., Odusanya, R., Uwemedimo, O. T., Martinez, J., Pekmezaris, R., & Kim, E. J. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0242964 · Cited by 42
Glenn, J. D., Kleinhenz, G., Smith, J., Chaney, R. A., Moxley, V. B. A., Naranjo, P. G. D., Stone, S., Hanson, C. L., Redelfs, A. H., & Novilla, M. L. B. (2024) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-024-10656-2 · Cited by 40
“For example, the WE CARE model (Well Child Care, Evaluation, Community Resources, Advocacy, Referral, Education) is a commonly used approach that has been found to be effective [22].”
MethodUsing State Administrative Data to Identify Social Complexity Risk Factors for Children
Arthur, K. C., Lucenko, B. A., Sharkova, I., Xing, J., & Mangione-Smith, R. (2018) · Annals of Family Medicine · doi:10.1370/afm.2134 · Cited by 37
Social Determinants of Health, Goals and Outcomes in High-Risk Children With Type 1 Diabetes
Hershey, J. A., Morone, J. F., Lipman, T. H., & Hawkes, C. P. (2021) · Canadian Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2021.02.005 · Cited by 40
Surveillance and Screening for Social Determinants of Health
Garg, A., & Dworkin, P. H. (2016) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2015.3269 · Cited by 42
Self-citationTedford, N. J., Keating, E. M., Ou, Z., Holsti, M., Wallace, A. S., & Robison, J. A. (2022) · Academic Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.acap.2022.05.002 · Cited by 38
Screening for Social Determinants of Health in Michigan Health Centers
Byhoff, E., Cohen, A. J., Hamati, M. C., Tatko, J., Davis, M. M., & Tipirneni, R. (2017) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2017.04.170079 · Cited by 36
Koeman, J., & Mehdipanah, R. (2020) · Population Health Management · doi:10.1089/pop.2020.0154 · Cited by 37
“22,26,29,30,39,41,43 Several participants cited resource and affordable housing shortages as barriers to accessing housing through their services.”
How Do Social Needs Cluster Among Low-Income Individuals?
Kreuter, M. W., Garg, R., Li, L., McNulty, L., Thompson, T., McQueen, A., & Luke, A. A. (2020) · Population Health Management · doi:10.1089/pop.2020.0107 · Cited by 38
“6 Items assessed the likelihood that in the next month the respondent would: (1) have enough money for necessities such as food, shelter, and clothing; (2) have enough money to deal with unexpected expenses; (3) have enough food to feed themselves and others in their home; (4) be threatened physically by another perso…”
Financing Approaches to Social Prescribing Programs in England and the United States
Sandhu, S., Alderwick, H., & Gottlieb, L. M. (2022) · Milbank Quarterly · doi:10.1111/1468-0009.12562 · Cited by 38
Lasecki, C., Mujica, F., Stutsman, S., et al. (2017) · The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care · doi:10.1097/ta.0000000000001720 · Cited by 36
“In the primary care setting, screening for these factors results in a higher utilization of community resources (18, 19).”
BackgroundCampbell, K. A., Wuthrich, A., & Norlin, C. (2019) · Academic Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.acap.2019.06.004 · Cited by 37
Gathering speed and countering tensions in the rapid learning health system
Reid, R. J., & Greene, S. M. (2023) · Learning Health Systems · doi:10.1002/lrh2.10358 · Cited by 38
Kairys, S. W. (2020) · Pediatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2019.11.001 · Cited by 36
Perez, N. P., Ahmad, H., Alemayehu, H., Newman, E. A., & Reyes-Ferral, C. (2021) · Journal of Pediatric Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.10.018 · Cited by 37
Martin, E. T., Maher, H., McKeon, G. L., Patterson, S., Blake, J. A., & Chen, K. Y. (2022) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2022.108776 · Cited by 35
Implementing Social Risk Screening and Referral to Resources in the NICU
Cordova-Ramos, E. G., Jain, C., Torrice, V., McGean, M., de la Vega, P. B., Burke, J., Stickney, D. G., Vinci, R. J., Drainoni, M., & Parker, M. G. K. (2023) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2022-058975 · Cited by 35
National Prevalence of Social Determinants of Health Screening Among US Neonatal Care Units
Cordova-Ramos, E. G., Kerr, S. M., Heeren, T., Drainoni, M., Garg, A., & Parker, M. G. K. (2022) · Hospital Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/hpeds.2022-006767 · Cited by 41
Self-citationWolfe, I., Forman, J., Cecil, E., Newham, J., Hu, N., Satherley, R., Soley-Bori, M., Fox-Rushby, J., Cousens, S., & Lingam, R. (2023) · The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/s2352-4642(23)00216-x · Cited by 34
Free Tax Services in Pediatric Clinics
Marcil, L. E., Hole, M. K., Wenren, L. M., Schuler, M. S., ZUCKERMAN, B. S., & Vinci, R. J. (2018) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2017-3608 · Cited by 33
Palakshappa, D., Speiser, J. L., Rosenthal, G. E., & Vitolins, M. Z. (2019) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-019-05081-9 · Cited by 35
The Nature, Logic, and Significance of Strong Communities for Children
Melton, G. B., & McLeigh, J. D. (2020) · International Journal on Child Maltreatment Research Policy and Practice · doi:10.1007/s42448-020-00050-w · Cited by 33
“…health services; parent-toparent mutual assistance; volunteer support in community organizations; professional assistance in cooperating agencies (cf. Garg et al. 2015, providing for screening at infant well visits on problems in meeting families’ basic needs (e.g., food security; child care;…”
BackgroundExploring the Gap: Food Insecurity and Resource Engagement
Cullen, D. L., Abel, D., Attridge, M. M., & Fein, J. A. (2020) · Academic Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.acap.2020.08.005 · Cited by 33
Approaches to addressing social determinants of health in the NICU: a mixed methods study
Parker, M. G. K., Garg, A., Brochier, A., Rhein, L. M., Forbes, E., Klawetter, S., & Drainoni, M. (2020) · Journal of Perinatology · doi:10.1038/s41372-020-00867-w · Cited by 33
Self-citationGunter, K. E., Peek, M. E., Tanumihardjo, J. P., CARBREY, E., Crespo, R., Johnson, T., Yamashita, B., SCHWARTZ, E. I., Sol, C., Wilkinson, C., et al. (2021) · Milbank Quarterly · doi:10.1111/1468-0009.12522 · Cited by 35
Prevalence of social risk factors and social needs in a Medicaid Accountable Care Organization (ACO)
Schiavoni, K. H., Helscel, K., Vogeli, C., Thorndike, A. N., Cash, R. E., Camargo, C. A., & Samuels‐Kalow, M. E. (2022) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-022-08721-9 · Cited by 33
“need falls in the mid-range of previously published data, with reports of multi-domain HRSN screening in primary care showing a prevalence of 15 to 90% for social risk factors [21, 31, 32], and studies specifically assessing request for assistance finding 15 to 37% with social needs [9, 23, 32].”
BackgroundSocial Needs Screening in Hospitalized Pediatric Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Lopez, M. A., Yu, X., Hetrick, R. L., Raman, S., Lee, J., Hall, J., Tran, K., Vonasek, B. J., Garg, A., Raphael, J. L., et al. (2023) · Hospital Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/hpeds.2022-006815 · Cited by 34
Self-citationIncome, Family Context, and Self-Regulation in 5-Year-Old Children
Li, M., Riis, J. L., Ghazarian, S. R., & Johnson, S. B. (2017) · Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/dbp.0000000000000380 · Cited by 40
“There is evidence that screening and referral for unmet social needs improves families’ ability to access the services that can improve family stability.(44) The current study highlights the potential benefits of these efforts in supporting basic regulatory development, a key contributor to children’s future health an…”
Unmet basic needs and health intervention effectiveness in low-income populations
Kreuter, M. W., McQueen, A., Boyum, S., & Fu, Q. J. (2016) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.08.006 · Cited by 31
Psychosocial information use for clinical decisions in diabetes care
Senteio, C. R., Adler‐Milstein, J., Richardson, C. R., & Veinot, T. C. (2019) · Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association · doi:10.1093/jamia/ocz053 · Cited by 35
Sandhu, S., Xu, J., Eisenson, H., & Bettger, J. P. (2021) · Journal of Primary Care & Community Health · doi:10.1177/21501327211021021 · Cited by 32
COVID-19-Related Food Insecurity Among Households with Dietary Restrictions: A National Survey
Guillaume, J. D., Jagai, J. S., Makelarski, J. A., Abramsohn, E., Lindau, S. T., Verma, R., & Ciaccio, C. E. (2021) · The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology In Practice · doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2021.06.015 · Cited by 32
He, Z., Pfaff, E., Guo, S. J., Guo, Y. M., Wu, Y., Tao, C., Štiglic, G., & Bian, J. (2023) · Yearbook of Medical Informatics · doi:10.1055/s-0043-1768732 · Cited by 32
“…Assets, Risks, and Experiences (PRAPARE) survey [34]; the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)’s Accountable Health Communities (AHC) survey [35]; the Health Leads questionnaire [36]; the Safe Environment for Every Kid (SEEK) questionnaire [37]; and the WE CARE survey instrument [38].”
BackgroundPredictive modeling of housing instability and homelessness in the Veterans Health Administration
Byrne, T. H., Montgomery, A. E., & Fargo, J. D. (2018) · Health Services Research · doi:10.1111/1475-6773.13050 · Cited by 37
“These challenges fall into two broad categories: (1) determining how to resolve the logistical, resource, and workload issues associated with the collection of information about housing instability and other social factors from patients; and (2) optimizing procedures for taking action on such information.”
BackgroundSandhu, S., Xu, J., Blanchard, L., Eisenson, H., Crowder, C., Munoz, V. S., Drake, C., & Bettger, J. P. (2021) · International Journal of Integrated Care · doi:10.5334/ijic.5501 · Cited by 30
Penumalee, L. S., Lambert, J. O., Gonzalez, M. M., Gray, M., Partani, E., Wilson, C., Etz, R., & Nelson, B. B. (2022) · Academic Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.acap.2022.07.002 · Cited by 32
Revealing the Prevalence and Consequences of Food Insecurity in Children with Epilepsy
O’Malley, J. A., Klett, B. M., Klein, M. D., Inman, N., & Beck, A. F. (2017) · Journal of Community Health · doi:10.1007/s10900-017-0372-1 · Cited by 29
Health Status of Adolescents Reporting Experiences of Adversity
Duke, N. N., & Borowsky, I. W. (2018) · Global Pediatric Health · doi:10.1177/2333794x18769555 · Cited by 30
“Emerging research suggests that systematic screening for social determinants of health, including types of adverse experiences, results in families receiving more community resources.(65) Similarly, addressing basic needs during the delivery of pediatric primary care, via screening and in-person resource service navig…”
BackgroundSokol, R. L., Mehdipanah, R., Bess, K., Mohammed, L., & Miller, A. L. (2021) · Journal of Pediatric Health Care · doi:10.1016/j.pedhc.2021.05.002 · Cited by 30
Lian, T., Kutzer, K. M., Gautam, D., Eisenson, H., Crowder, J. C., Esmaili, E., Sandhu, S., Trachtman, L. H., Bettger, J. P., & Drake, C. (2021) · Journal of Primary Care & Community Health · doi:10.1177/21501327211024390 · Cited by 35
Gold, R. B., Sheppler, C. R., Hessler, D., Bunce, A., Cottrell, E., Yosuf, N., Pisciotta, M., Gunn, R., Leo, M. C., & Gottlieb, L. M. (2021) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/31733 · Cited by 31
Beck, A. F., Marcil, L. E., Klein, M. D., Corley, A. M. S., Parsons, A. A., Shah, A. N., Riley, C. L., Bignall, O. N. R., Henize, A. W., Kahn, R. S., et al. (2021) · Academic Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.acap.2021.04.010 · Cited by 29
Anderst, J., Hunter, K., Andersen, M. J., Walker, N., Coombes, J., Raman, S., Moore, M., Ryan, L., Jersky, M., Mackenzie, A., et al. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054338 · Cited by 34
Z-code documentation to identify social determinants of health among Medicaid beneficiaries
Heidari, E., Zalmai, R., Richards, K., Sakthisivabalan, L., & Brown, C. (2023) · Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy · doi:10.1016/j.sapharm.2022.10.010 · Cited by 30
Walker, A. K., & Fox, E. (2018) · The AMA Journal of Ethic · doi:10.1001/amajethics.2018.941 · Cited by 30
Community Resource Needs Assessment Among Families Presenting to a Pediatric Emergency Department
Semple-Hess, J. E., Pham, P. K., Cohen, S., & Liberman, D. B. (2018) · Academic Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.acap.2018.11.009 · Cited by 28
Kulie, P. E., Steinmetz, E., Johnson, S., & McCarthy, M. L. (2021) · The American Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2021.03.069 · Cited by 32
Fiori, K. P., Heller, C. G., Flattau, A., Hollingsworth, N., Parsons, A. S., Rinke, M. L., Chambers, E. C., Hodgson, S., Chodon, T., & Racine, A. D. (2021) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053633 · Cited by 30
Adverse childhood experiences: Evidence for screening beyond preventive visits.
Duke, N., & Borowsky, I. (2018) · International Journal of Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.05.015 · Cited by 26
Disparities in household material hardship, financial toxicity, and income loss in pediatric cancer
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The Relationship Between Social Risks and the Mental Health of School-Age Children in Primary Care
Spencer, A. E., Baul, T. D., Sikov, J., Adams, W. G., Tripodis, Y., Buonocore, O., Jellinek, M. S., Murphy, J. M., & Garg, A. (2019) · Academic Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.acap.2019.11.006 · Cited by 29
Self-citationAddressing Childhood Poverty in Pediatric Clinical Settings
Parker, M. G. K., Garg, A., & McConnell, M. A. (2020) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.2875 · Cited by 27
Self-citationKahn, R. S., Iyer, S. B., & Kotagal, U. R. (2017) · Academic Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.acap.2017.04.024 · Cited by 27
Facing the Need: Screening Practices for the Social Determinants of Health
Theiss, J., & Regenstein, M. (2017) · The Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics · doi:10.1177/1073110517737543 · Cited by 19
Clinical Stakeholder Perspectives on Pediatric Inpatient Screening for Social Needs
Leary, J. C., Rijhwani, L., Bettez, N. M., LeClair, A. M., Murillo, A., Berrios, M. R., Garg, A., & Freund, K. M. (2021) · Academic Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.acap.2021.09.015 · Cited by 28
Self-citationLoo, S. S., Anderson, E., Lin, J. G., Smith, P., Murray, G. F., Hong, H., Jacquet, G. A., Koul, R., Rosenmoss, S., James, T. L., et al. (2023) · Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open · doi:10.1002/emp2.12883 · Cited by 25
Evaluation of a Novel Financial Navigator Pilot to Address Patient Concerns about Medical Care Costs
Banegas, M. P., Dickerson, J. F., Friedman, N. L., Mosen, D. M., Ender, A. X., Chang, T. R., Runge, T. A., & Hornbrook, M. C. (2019) · The Permanente Journal · doi:10.7812/tpp/18-084 · Cited by 26
Costich, M. A., Peretz, P. J., Davis, J. A., Stockwell, M. S., & Matiz, L. A. (2019) · Clinical Pediatrics · doi:10.1177/0009922819851263 · Cited by 28
Gottlieb, L. M., DeSalvo, K. B., & Adler, N. E. (2019) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2019.07.009 · Cited by 26
Marsh, M. C., Supples, S., McLaurin‐Jiang, S., Brown, C. L., & Linton, J. M. (2019) · MedEdPORTAL · doi:10.15766/mep_2374-8265.10798 · Cited by 27
Caregiver Perspectives on Social Needs Screening and Interventions in an Urban Children’s Hospital
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Social Risk Screening in Pediatric Primary Care Anticipates Acute Care Utilization
Ovalle, V. W., Beck, A. F., Ollberding, N. J., & Klein, M. D. (2020) · Pediatric Emergency Care · doi:10.1097/pec.0000000000001979 · Cited by 25
“Social histories often assess issues related to food and housing insecurity, difficulty obtaining public benefits, mental health issues, and intimate partner violence.(18,19,22) In our local pediatric primary care setting, a social risk screening tool has been embedded within the electronic health record (EHR); curren…”
BackgroundImplementation Considerations for Social Determinants of Health Screening and Referral Interventions
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Self-citationMiller, A. L., Stein, S. F., Sokol, R. L., Varisco, R., Trout, P., Julian, M. M., Ribaudo, J., Kay, J. B., Pilkauskas, N., Gardner‐Neblett, N., et al. (2022) · Infant Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1002/imhj.21996 · Cited by 27
Community Health Workers in Early Childhood Well-Child Care for Medicaid-Insured Children
Coker, T. R., Liljenquist, K. S., Lowry, S., Fiscella, K. A., Weaver, M. R., Ortiz, J., LaFontaine, R., Silva, J., Salaguinto, T., Johnson, G., et al. (2023) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2023.7197 · Cited by 27
Screening for Social Determinants of Health
Gottlieb, L. M., Fichtenberg, C., & Adler, N. E. (2016) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2016.16915 · Cited by 25
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Using Quality Improvement and Technology to Improve Social Supports for Hospitalized Children
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Feasibility of systematic poverty screening in a pediatric oncology referral center
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Clinical Pathways for the Identification and Referral for Social Needs: A Systematic Review
Wong-See, H., Calik, A., Ostojic, K., Raman, S., & Woolfenden, S. R. (2023) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2022-056837 · Cited by 23
Metadata
- Authors
- Garg, A., Toy, S., Tripodis, Y., Silverstein, M., & Freeman, E.
- Affiliations
- Boston University (US)
- Northeastern University (US)
- Venue
- Pediatrics
- Publisher
- American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
- Published
- 2015-02-01
- Volume
- 135
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- e296-e304
- ISSN
- 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-4275
- PMC
- PMC4306802
- OpenAlex
- W2033448635
- Cited by
- 643
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 40 · 2025: 49 · 2024: 70 · 2023: 82 · 2022: 84 · 2021: 76 · 2020: 71 · 2019: 52 · 2018: 50 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 11
- FWCI
- 71.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R00HD056160)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Child and Adolescent Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Social Sciences › Health › Public Health and Social Inequalities
- Keywords
- social determinants of health, well-child care, unmet basic needs, community resource referral, community health centers, food security, housing, child care, employment, homelessness, mothers of infants
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Child, Child Welfare, Child, Preschool, Community Health Centers, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Infant, Male, Mass Screening, Primary Health Care, Surveys and Questionnaires, Referral and Consultation, Social Work, United States, Cluster Analysis, Community Networks, Needs Assessment, Vulnerable Populations, Social Determinants of Health
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