Impact Of Ketogenic Diet On Athletes: Current Insights
Open accessAbstract
Abstract: The impact of a ketogenic diet (KD) (<50 g/d carbohydrate, >75% fat) on athletic performance has sparked much interest and self-experimentation in the past 3–4 years. Evidence shows 3–4-week adaptations to a KD in endurance-trained athletes were associated with maintenance of moderate (46–63% VO 2max ) and vigorous intensity (64–90% VO 2max ) endurance exercise, while at intensities >70% VO 2max , increases in fat oxidation were associated with decreased economy (increased oxygen consumption), and in some cases, increased ratings of perceived exertion and heart rate. Two investigations in recreationally active endurance athletes noted no vigorous intensity exercise decrement following 3- and 12-week adaptations. Moderate (70–85% one repetition maximum) and near-maximal to maximal intensity (>85% 1RM) strength performance experienced no decrement following a 3-12-week KD adaptation. Beneficial effects were noted for 2000 m sprint and critical power test completed for short duration at vigorous intensity, while two additional tests noted no decrement. For sprint, near-maximal exercise (>91% VO 2max ), benefit of the KD was observed for six-second sprint, while no decrement in performance was noted for two additional maximal tests. When protein is equated (grams per kilogram), one investigation noted no decrement in muscle hypertrophy, while one noted a decrement. One investigation with matched protein noted the KD group lost more body fat. In conclusion, moderate-to-vigorous intensity exercise experiences no decrement following adaptation to a KD. Decreases in exercise economy are observed >70% VO 2max in trained endurance athletes which may negate performance within field settings. Beneficial effects of the KD during short duration vigorous, and sprint bouts of exercises are often confounded by greater weight loss in the KD group. With more athletes pursuing carbohydrate-restricted diets (moderate and strict (KD)) for their proposed health benefits, more work is needed in the area to address both performance and health outcomes. Keywords: keto-adaptation, performance, endurance, strength, high intensity, low carbohydrate
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Some studies have illustrated no decrement in low CHO diets in moderate-to-vigorous intensity exercise, but these studies have also confirmed decreases in exercise economy in highly trained endurance athletes at greater than 70% of their VO2max compared to those with high CHO diets.
“While some studies have illustrated no decrement in low CHO diets in moderate-to-vigorous intensity exercise experiences, these studies have also confirmed decreases in the exercise economy observed in highly trained endurance athletes at greater than 70% of their VO2max compared to those with high CHO diets [65].”
From Considerations of Low Carbohydrate Availability (LCA) to Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) in Female Endurance Athletes: A Narrative Review (2023) · cites this paper as [65]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Garber, C. E., Blissmer, B., Deschenes, M. R., Franklin, B. A., Lamonte, M. J., Lee, I.-M., Nieman, D. C., & Swain, D. P. (2011) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e318213fefb · Cited by 9,319 · see citing works
Exercise Metabolism and the Molecular Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Adaptation
Egan, B., & Zierath, J. R. (2013) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2012.12.012 · Cited by 2,084 · see citing works
Carbohydrates for training and competition
Burke, L. M., Hawley, J. A., Wong, S. H. S., & Jeukendrup, A. E. (2011) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2011.585473 · Cited by 985 · see citing works
Ketone bodies as signaling metabolites
Newman, J. C., & Verdin, E. (2014) · Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2013.09.002 · Cited by 966 · see citing works
Beyond weight loss: a review of the therapeutic uses of very-low-carbohydrate (ketogenic) diets
Paoli, A., Rubini, A., Volek, J. S., & Grimaldi, K. A. (2013) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/ejcn.2013.116 · Cited by 885 · see citing works
Guidelines to classify subject groups in sport-science research
Pauw, K. D., Roelands, B., Cheung, S. S., de Geus, B., Rietjens, G., & Meeusen, R. (2013) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.8.2.111 · Cited by 680 · see citing works
A Study of the Glycogen Metabolism during Exercise in Man
Bergström, J., & Hultman, E. (1967) · Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation · doi:10.3109/00365516709090629 · Cited by 426 · see citing works
Phinney, S. D., Bistrian, B. R., Evans, W. J., Gervino, E., & Blackburn, G. L. (1983) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(83)90106-3 · Cited by 422 · see citing works
The bioenergetics of world class cycling
Jeukendrup, A. E., Craig, N. P., & Hawley, J. A. (2000) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/s1440-2440(00)80008-0 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
Evans, M., Cogan, K. E., & Egan, B. (2017) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp273185 · Cited by 414 · see citing works
Burke, L. M., Ross, M. L., Garvican‐Lewis, L. A., Welvaert, M., Heikura, I. A., Forbes, S. G., Mirtschin, J. G., Cato, L. E., Strobel, N., Sharma, A. P., et al. (2017) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp273230 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Metabolic characteristics of keto-adapted ultra-endurance runners
Volek, J. S., Freidenreich, D. J., Saenz, C., Kunces, L. J., Creighton, B. C., Bartley, J. M., Davitt, P. M., Munoz, C. X., Anderson, J. M., Maresh, C. M., et al. (2016) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2015.10.028 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Peterson, M. D., Rhea, M. R., & Alvar, B. A. (2005) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/r-16874.1 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
International society of sports nutrition position stand: diets and body composition
Aragon, A. A., Schoenfeld, B. J., Wildman, R., Kleiner, S., VanDusseldorp, T., Taylor, L., Earnest, C. P., Arciero, P. J., Wilborn, C., Kalman, D. S., et al. (2017) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s12970-017-0174-y · Cited by 301 · see citing works
Periodized Nutrition for Athletes
Jeukendrup, A. E. (2017) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-017-0694-2 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Rethinking fat as a fuel for endurance exercise
Volek, J. S., Noakes, T., & Phinney, S. D. (2015) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461391.2014.959564 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Strategies to Improve Running Economy
Barnes, K. R., & Kilding, A. E. (2015) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-014-0246-y · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Foster, C., & Lucía, A. (2007) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/00007256-200737040-00011 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Re-Examining High-Fat Diets for Sports Performance: Did We Call the ‘Nail in the Coffin’ Too Soon?
Burke, L. M. (2015) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-015-0393-9 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Stellingwerff, T., Spriet, L. L., Watt, M. J., Kimber, N. E., Hargreaves, M., Hawley, J. A., & Burke, L. M. (2006) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00268.2005 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Contribution of energy systems during a Wingate power test.
Smith, J. C., & Hill, D. W. (1991) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsm.25.4.196 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
McSwiney, F. T., Wardrop, B., Hyde, P. N., Lafountain, R. A., Volek, J. S., & Doyle, L. (2018) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2017.10.010 · Cited by 172 · cited 5× · see citing works
“Recreationally Trained Athletes Endurance performance ranging from 70 to 168 mins in duration was sustained in recreationally trained individuals (Table 1C).(18,19) Heatherly and colleagues suggested a KD T ab le 1 (C on tin ue d) .”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationGuidelines to classify female subject groups in sport-science research
Decroix, L., De Pauw, K., Foster, C., & Meeusen, R. (2016) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.2015-0153 · Cited by 167 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Participant Classification To improve the translational quality of this work, and because differences in ketone metabolism are reported between trained and untrained persons,(8) groups will be classified according to training status.(14) Cardiorespiratory Fitness Participants were categorized as, a) trained athletes a…”
MethodKetogenic diet does not affect strength performance in elite artistic gymnasts
Paoli, A., Grimaldi, K. A., D’Agostino, D. P., Cenci, L., Moro, T., Bianco, A., & Palma, A. (2012) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/1550-2783-9-34 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Capacity for Moderate Exercise in Obese Subjects after Adaptation to a Hypocaloric, Ketogenic Diet
Phinney, S. D., Horton, E. S., Sims, E. A. H., Hanson, J. S., Danforth, E., & LaGrange, B. M. (1980) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci109945 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Ketogenic diets and physical performance
Phinney, S. D. (2004) · Nutrition & Metabolism · doi:10.1186/1743-7075-1-2 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Carbohydrate dependence during marathon running
BRIEN, M. J. O., Viguie, C. A., Mazzeo, R. S., & Brooks, G. A. (1993) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-199309000-00007 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Wilson, J. M., Lowery, R. P., Roberts, M. D., Sharp, M. H., Joy, J. M., Shields, K. A., Partl, J. M., Volek, J. S., & D’Agostino, D. P. (2017) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000001935 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Webster, C. C., Noakes, T. D., Chacko, S. K., Swart, J., Kohn, T. A., & Smith, J. A. H. (2016) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp271934 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Kephart, W., Pledge, C., Roberson, P., Mumford, P., Romero, M., Mobley, C., Martin, J., Young, K., Lowery, R., Wilson, J., et al. (2018) · Sports · doi:10.3390/sports6010001 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Vargas-Molina, S., Romance, R., Petro, J. L., Bonilla, D. A., Galancho, I., Espinar, S., Kreider, R. B., & Benítez‐Porres, J. (2018) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s12970-018-0236-9 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Greene, D., Varley, B. J., Hartwig, T. B., Chapman, P., & Rigney, M. (2018) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000002904 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Effect of a Ketogenic Diet on Submaximal Exercise Capacity and Efficiency in Runners
SHAW, D. M., MERIEN, F., BRAAKHUIS, A., MAUNDER, E., & DULSON, D. K. (2019) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000002008 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Studien zu einer Physiologie des Marsches
Zuntz, N., & Schumburg, W. A. E. F. (1901) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Zinn, C., Wood, M., Williden, M., Chatterton, S., & Maunder, E. (2017) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s12970-017-0180-0 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Self-citationRhyu, H.-S., & Cho, S.-Y. (2014) · Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation · doi:10.12965/jer.140160 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Tipton, K. D., Jeukendrup, A. E., & Hespel, P. (2007) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640410701607205 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Effects of Ad libitum Low-Carbohydrate High-Fat Dieting in Middle-Age Male Runners
Heatherly, A. J., Killen, L. G., SMITH, A. F., Waldman, H. S., SELTMANN, C. L., Hollingsworth, A., & O'Neal, E. K. (2017) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000001477 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Substrate Metabolism During Ironman Triathlon: Different Horses on the Same Courses
Maunder, E., Kilding, A. E., & Plews, D. J. (2018) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-018-0938-9 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationEffects of a 4-Week Very Low-Carbohydrate Diet on High-Intensity Interval Training Responses.
Cipryan, L., Plews, D. J., Ferretti, A., Maffetone, P. B., & Laursen, P. B. (2018) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationDostal, T., Plews, D. J., Hofmann, P., Laursen, P. B., & Cipryan, L. (2019) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.00912 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationEffect of an Acute High Carbohydrate Diet on Body Composition Using DXA in Young Men
Rouillier, M.-A., David-Riel, S., Brazeau, A., St-Pierre, D. H., & Karelis, A. D. (2015) · Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1159/000435840 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Mujika, I. (2018) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0124 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
McSwiney, F. T., & Doyle, L. (2019) · Sports · doi:10.3390/sports7090201 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationLow carb high fat (LCHF) diets for athletes—Third time lucky?
Burke, L. (2017) · Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2017.09.369 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [7]Volek J, Phinney S (2012). The art and science of low carbohydrate performance. Beyond Obesity LLC. Available from: https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=2012+art+and+science+of+low+carbohydrate+living+volek&btnG=&hl=en≈sdt=0%2C5 Accessed 10 9, 2019.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Ketogenic low-CHO, high-fat diet: The future of elite endurance sport?
Burke, L. M. (2021) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp278928 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
The Low-Carbohydrate Diet: Short-Term Metabolic Efficacy Versus Longer-Term Limitations
Barber, T. M., Hanson, P., Kabisch, S., Pfeiffer, A. F. H., & Weickert, M. O. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13041187 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Ludwig, D. S., Dickinson, S. L., Henschel, B., Ebbeling, C. B., & Allison, D. B. (2021) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxaa350 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Effects of a ketogenic diet on body composition and strength in trained women
Vargas-Molina, S., Petro, J. L., Romance, R., Kreider, R. B., Schoenfeld, B. J., Bonilla, D. A., & Benítez‐Porres, J. (2020) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s12970-020-00348-7 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Popular Dietary Trends’ Impact on Athletic Performance: A Critical Analysis Review
Kaufman, M. W., Nguyen, C., Shetty, M., Oppezzo, M., Barrack, M. T., & Fredericson, M. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15163511 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Acute ketogenic diet and ketone ester supplementation impairs race walk performance
WHITFIELD, J., BURKE, L. M., MCKAY, A. K. A., HEIKURA, I. A., HALL, R., FENSHAM, N., & SHARMA, A. P. (2021) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000002517 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Prins, P., Noakes, T. D., Buga, A., D’Agostino, D. P., Volek, J. S., Buxton, J. D., Heckman, K., Jones, D. W., Tobias, N. E., Grose, H. M., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1084021 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
A review of the ketogenic diet for endurance athletes: performance enhancer or placebo effect?
Bailey, C. P., & Hennessy, E. (2020) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s12970-020-00362-9 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Sjödin, A., Hellström, F., Sehlstedt, E., Svensson, M., & Burén, J. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12040955 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Lodge, M. T., Ward-Ritacco, C. L., & Melanson, K. J. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15204457 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Low carbohydrate high fat ketogenic diets on the exercise crossover point and glucose homeostasis
Noakes, T. D., Prins, P., Volek, J. S., D’Agostino, D. P., & Koutnik, A. P. (2023) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2023.1150265 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Noakes, T. D. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14040862 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Kysel, P., Haluzíková, D., Doležalová, R., Laňková, I., Lacinová, Z., Kasperová, B. J., Trnovská, J., Hrádková, V., Mráz, M., Vilikus, Z., et al. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12092832 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Achieving an Optimal Fat Loss Phase in Resistance-Trained Athletes: A Narrative Review
Ruiz-Castellano, C., Espinar, S., Contreras, C., Ordóñez, F. M., Aragon, A. A., & Sanz, J. M. M. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13093255 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Reliability and diagnostic performance of a new blood ketone and glucose meter in humans
Moore, A. R., Holland, A. M., Ansley, J., Boone, E. D. H., & Schulte, M. K. O. (2021) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s12970-020-00404-2 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Lee, H. S., & Lee, J. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18062912 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
McSwiney, F. T., Fusco, B., McCabe, L., Lombard, A., Crowley, P., Walsh, J., Hone, M., & Egan, B. (2020) · Biology of Sport · doi:10.5114/biolsport.2020.98448 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationKoerich, A. C. C., Borszcz, F. K., Mello, A. T., de Lucas, R. D., & Hansen, F. (2022) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2022.2090894 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Functional Properties of Meat in Athletes’ Performance and Recovery
di Corcia, M., Tartaglia, N., Polito, R., Ambrosi, A., Messina, G., Francavilla, V. C., Cincione, R. I., della Malva, A., Ciliberti, M. G., Sevi, A., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19095145 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Exploring the role of ketone bodies in the diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders
Omori, N. E., Malys, M. K., Woo, G. H., & Mansor, L. S. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1142682 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Colberg, S. R., Kannane, J., & Diawara, N. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18179332 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Biochemical Aspects That Lead to Abusive Use of Trimetazidine in Performance Athletes: A Mini-Review
Puşcaş, A., Ștefănescu, R., Vari, C.-E., Ősz, B.-E., Filip, C., Bitzan, J. K., Buț, M.-G., & Tero-Vescan, A. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25031605 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Buga, A., Welton, G. L., Scott, K., Atwell, A. D., Haley, S., Esbenshade, N., Abraham, J., Buxton, J. D., Ault, D. L., Raabe, A., et al. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14061135 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Bowler, A.-L. M., & Polman, R. C. J. (2020) · Sports · doi:10.3390/sports8100131 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Wang, Y., Zhou, K., Wang, V., Bao, D., & Zhou, J. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph191811542 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Vargas-Molina, S., García-Sillero, M., Bonilla, D. A., Petro, J. L., García-Romero, J., & Benítez‐Porres, J. (2024) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1080/15502783.2024.2306308 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
ÖZTÜRK, B., Adigüzel, N. S., Koç, M., Karaçam, A., Canlı, U., Engin, H., Orhan, B. E., Bartík, P., Šagát, P., Pérez, J., et al. (2025) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app15031282 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The athlete gut microbiota: state of the art and practical guidance
Pérez-Castillo, Í. M., Sabag-Daigle, A., Chicharro, J. L., Mihic, N., Rueda, R., & Bouzamondo, H. (2024) · Beneficial Microbes · doi:10.1163/18762891-bja00007 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Ketogenic Diets Are Beneficial for Athletic Performance
Noakes, T. D. (2023) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000003343 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Exercise and Diet Reshape Athletes’ Gut Microbiota: Countering Health Challenges in Athletes
Zhang, X., Li, Y., Zhang, F., & Zhou, G. (2025) · Life · doi:10.3390/life15121812 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Database Analysis of Application Areas and Global Trends in Ketogenic Diets from 2019 to 2024
Assmann, M., Albrecht, I., Frenser, M., Marquardt, T., & Fischer, T. W. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17091478 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Ketogenic Diets Are Beneficial for Athletic Performance: Response to Burke and Whitfield
Noakes, T. D. (2023) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000003345 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Wang, Y., Dong, Y., Zhang, Y., Yan, J., Ren, C., Ma, H., & Cui, Z. (2023) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1322936 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Performance demands in the endurance rider
Williams, J. M., Douglas, J. L., Davies, E., Bloom, F., & Castejón‐Riber, C. (2020) · Comparative Exercise Physiology · doi:10.3920/cep200033 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Lee, D. C., Duraj, T., Cooper, I. D., Maroon, J. C., Smith, K., Abdel-Hadi, W., Omene, E., Athanasios, E., & Seyfried, T. N. (2026) · Frontiers in Science · doi:10.3389/fsci.2026.1763395 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Graybeal, A. J., Kreutzer, A., Moss, K., & Shah, M. (2024) · BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s13102-023-00801-5 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
The challenges associated with a ketogenic diet: a narrative review
Qi, X., & Tester, R. F. (2025) · Exploration of Foods and Foodomics · doi:10.37349/eff.2025.101065 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Ketogenic and High-Carbohydrate Diets in Cyclists and Triathletes
Kreutzer, A., Graybeal, A. J., Rack, P., Moss, K., Augsburger, G., Willis, J. L., Braun-Trocchio, R., & Shah, M. (2022) · Communications in Kinesiology · doi:10.51224/cik.2022.42 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
GÜNÜMÜZ POPÜLER DİYETLERİNİN SPOR PERFORMANSINA ETKİLERİ
Şahinoğlu, Y. S., & Ersoy, G. (2021) · Spor ve Rekreasyon Araştırmaları Dergisi · doi:10.52272/srad.901327 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Development of inertial sensor-based methods to assess physical fatigue in running applications
Marotta, L. (2022) · doi:10.3990/1.9789036555067 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Expanding endurance exercise physiology research: insights from animal migration
Parry, H. A., Yap, K. N., Mesquita, P. H. C., & Hood, W. R. (2026) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.251152 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Moreno-Villanueva, A., Rico-González, M., & Pino‐Ortega, J. (2021) · Strength and conditioning journal · doi:10.1519/ssc.0000000000000647 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Ratia, N., Pietiläinen, K. H., Auranen, M., Saksa, L., Luukkonen, R. A., Suomalainen, A., & Piirilä, P. L. (2021) · Journal of Functional Foods · doi:10.1016/j.jff.2021.104459 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Kysel, P., Vilikus, Z., & Haluzı́k, M. (2021) · Acta Salus Vitae · doi:10.58743/asv2021vol9no2.270 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Low carbohydrates diets and sport
Vyjídák, J. (2021) · Slovak Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.24040/sjss.2021.7.1.77-88
A Study of the Long-Term Effects of Low-Carbohydrate Diets on Chinese Cyclists’ Performance
Xu, K., Hou, J., Luo, T., Sun, X., & Lu, W. (2023) · Studies in Sports Science and Physical Education · doi:10.56397/ssspe.2023.12.05
Tzianabos, C., Chouinard, G., & Martínez, L. (2024) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114650
O USO DA DIETA CETOGÊNICA EM ATLETAS DE ALTA PERFORMANCE
Lucatto, M., Silveira, T. D., de Almeida, R. F. B., Alves, F. L. R. D. F. N., Nunes, N. A., Santos, P., dos Reis, E. B. B., de Melo, A. C. C. F., Pereira, S. M., & Amorim, J. F. (2024) · Brazilian Journal of Implantology and Health Sciences · doi:10.36557/2674-8169.2024v6n8p4235-4255
Sports nutrition decoded: mechanistic perspectives on dietary components and athletic performance
Kumar, M., Kaushik, D., Kaur, H., Öz, E., Kumar, V., Proestos, C., Sharma, A., Özmen, H. K., Brennan, C. S., & Öz, F. (2025) · International Journal of Food Science & Technology · doi:10.1093/ijfood/vvaf208
Plews, D. J., Booth, P. D., Krieger, T., & Maunder, E. (2026) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-026-02462-z
Self-citation
- Authors
- McSwiney, F. T., Doyle, L., Plews, D. J., & Zinn, C.
- Affiliations
- Dublin City University (IE)
- Waterford Institute of Technology (IE)
- Auckland University of Technology (NZ)
- Corresponding author
- Zinn, Caryn
- Venue
- Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2019-11
- Volume
- Volume 10
- Pages
- 171-183
- ISSN
- 1179-1543 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6863116
- OpenAlex
- W2984889983
- Cited by
- 50
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 10
- FWCI
- 0.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Diet and metabolism studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Keywords
- ketogenic diet, athletic performance, endurance athletes, strength performance, sprint performance, exercise economy, fat oxidation, VO2max, muscle hypertrophy, fat loss, weight loss, carbohydrate restriction, high-intensity exercise
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
