The DOI matches its Crossref record; 87 of the 88 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Essential Oils, A New Horizon in Combating Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance
Open accessAbstract
For many years, the battle between humans and the multitudes of infection and disease causing pathogens continues. Emerging at the battlefield as some of the most significant challenges to human health are bacterial resistance and its rapid rise. These have become a major concern in global public health invigorating the need for new antimicrobial compounds. A rational approach to deal with antibiotic resistance problems requires detailed knowledge of the different biological and non-biological factors that affect the rate and extent of resistance development. Combination therapy combining conventional antibiotics and essential oils is currently blooming and represents a potential area for future investigations. This new generation of phytopharmaceuticals may shed light on the development of new pharmacological regimes in combating antibiotic resistance. This review consolidated and described the observed synergistic outcome between essential oils and antibiotics, and highlighted the possibilities of essential oils as the potential resistance modifying agent.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Besides, they have demonstrated their efficacy against multidrug-resistant/antibiotic-resistant bacteria [38,39].”
From Essential Oils as Antimicrobials in Crop Protection (2021) · cites this paper as [39]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Essential oils: Their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods—A review
Burt, S. (2004) · International Journal of Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2004.03.022 · Cited by 10,488
Biological effects of essential oils—A review
Bakkali, F., Averbeck, S., Averbeck, D., & Idaomar, M. (2008) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2007.09.106 · Cited by 7,929
Arrow, K. J. (1973) · Journal of Public Economics · doi:10.1016/0047-2727(73)90013-3 · Cited by 5,231
Antimicrobial agents from plants: Antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils
Dorman, H. J. D., & Deans, S. G. (2000) · Journal of Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.00969.x · Cited by 4,334
Molecular Basis of Bacterial Outer Membrane Permeability Revisited
Nikaido, H. (2003) · Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews · doi:10.1128/mmbr.67.4.593-656.2003 · Cited by 4,316
The crisis in antibiotic resistance
Neu, H. C. (1992) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.257.5073.1064 · Cited by 2,834
Mechanisms of membrane toxicity of hydrocarbons
Sikkema, J., de Bont, J. A., & Poolman, B. (1995) · Microbiological Reviews · doi:10.1128/mr.59.2.201-222.1995 · Cited by 2,685
Outer membrane permeability and antibiotic resistance
Delcour, A. H. (2008) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics · doi:10.1016/j.bbapap.2008.11.005 · Cited by 1,756
Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria
Tenover, F. C. (2006) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2006.03.011 · Cited by 1,747
Molecular mechanisms that confer antibacterial drug resistance
Walsh, C. T. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35021219 · Cited by 1,579
Essential Oils in Combination and Their Antimicrobial Properties
Bassolé, I. H. N., & Juliani, H. R. (2012) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules17043989 · Cited by 1,366
Antibacterial Activity and Mode of Action of Ferulic and Gallic Acids Against Pathogenic Bacteria
Borges, A. D. S., Ferreira, C., Saavedra, M. J., & Simões, M. V. (2013) · Microbial Drug Resistance · doi:10.1089/mdr.2012.0244 · Cited by 1,311
Epidemiology of Drug Resistance: Implications for a Post—Antimicrobial Era
Cohen, M. L. (1992) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.257.5073.1050 · Cited by 1,310
Cox, S. D., Mann, C. M., Markham, J. L., Bell, H. C., Gustafson, J. E., Warmington, J. R., & Wyllie, S. G. (2001) · Journal of Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.00943.x · Cited by 1,117
In vitro antibacterial activity of some plant essential oils
Prabuseenivasan, S., Jayakumar, M., & Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu, S. J. (2006) · BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1186/1472-6882-6-39 · Cited by 1,031
Carson, C. F., Mee, B. J., & Riley, T. V. (2002) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.46.6.1914-1920.2002 · Cited by 975
Synergism between natural products and antibiotics against infectious diseases
Hemaiswarya, S., Kruthiventi, A. K., & Doble, M. (2008) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2008.06.008 · Cited by 952
The porin and the permeating antibiotic: a selective diffusion barrier in Gram-negative bacteria
Pagès, J.-M., James, C. E., & Winterhalter, M. (2008) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro1994 · Cited by 939
Hurdle, J. G., O’Neill, A. J., Chopra, I., & Lee, R. E., Jr. (2010) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro2474 · Cited by 890
Jacoby, G. A., & Munoz-Price, L. S. (2005) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra041359 · Cited by 806
Antibacterial activity of selected plant essential oils against Escherichia coli O157:H7
Burt, S. A., & Reinders, R. D. (2003) · Letters in Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1472-765x.2003.01285.x · Cited by 799
Rota, M. C., Herrera, A., Martínez, R. M., Sotomayor, J. A., & Jordán, M. J. (2007) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2007.07.007 · Cited by 706
Novel antiviral agents: a medicinal plant perspective
Jassim, S. A. A., & Naji, M. A. (2003) · Journal of Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.2003.02026.x · Cited by 674
Synergy between essential oil components and antibiotics: a review
Langeveld, W. T., Veldhuizen, E. J. A., & Burt, S. A. (2013) · Critical Reviews in Microbiology · doi:10.3109/1040841x.2013.763219 · Cited by 629
Wilson, W. W., Wade, M. M., Holman, S. C., & Champlin, F. R. (2001) · Journal of Microbiological Methods · doi:10.1016/s0167-7012(00)00224-4 · Cited by 629
Winson, M. K., Swift, S., Fish, L., Throup, J. P., ̧rgensen, F. J., Chhabra, S. R., Bycroft, B. W., Williams, P. M., & Stewart, G. S. A. B. (1998) · FEMS Microbiology Letters · doi:10.1016/s0378-1097(98)00172-4 · Cited by 593
Extraction of a Highly Potent Penicillin Inactivator from Penicillin Resistant Staphylococci
Kirby, W. (1944) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.99.2579.452 · Cited by 502
Bajpai, V. K., Sharma, A., & Baek, K.-H. (2013) · Food Control · doi:10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.01.032 · Cited by 475
Antimicrobial activity of clove and rosemary essential oils alone and in combination
Fu, Y., Zu, Y., Chen, L., Shi, X., Wang, Z., Sun, S. H., & Efferth, T. (2007) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.2179 · Cited by 457
Persistence of antibiotic resistance in bacterial populations
Andersson, D. I., & Hughes, D. (2011) · FEMS Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2011.00289.x · Cited by 437
Beveridge, T. J., & Graham, L. L. (1991) · Microbiological Reviews · doi:10.1128/mr.55.4.684-705.1991 · Cited by 421
Emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance following exposure to antibiotics
Cantón, R., & Morosini, M.-I. (2011) · FEMS Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2011.00295.x · Cited by 370
Antibacterial and resistance modifying activity of
Oluwatuyi, M., Kaatz, G. W., & Gibbons, S. (2004) · Phytochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.10.009 · Cited by 363
Sonohara, R., Muramatsu, N., Ohshima, H., & Kondo, T. (1995) · Biophysical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/0301-4622(95)00004-h · Cited by 361
Use of natural antimicrobials to increase antibiotic susceptibility of drug resistant bacteria
Palaniappan, K., & Holley, R. A. (2010) · International Journal of Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.04.001 · Cited by 359
Coutinho, H. D. M., da Costa, J. G. M., Lima, E. D. O., Falcão‐Silva, V. S., & Siqueira-Júnior, J. P. (2008) · Chemotherapy · doi:10.1159/000151267 · Cited by 321
Discovery research: the scientific challenge of finding new antibiotics
Livermore, D. M., on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Working Party on The Urgent Need: Regenerating Antibacterial Drug Discovery and Development, Blaser, M., Carrs, O., Cassell, G., Fishman, N., Guidos, R., Levy, S., Powers, J. H., Norrby, R., et al. (2011) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkr262 · Cited by 288
Antibacterial effect of some essential oils administered alone or in combination with Norfloxacin
Rosato, A., Vitali, C., Laurentis, N. D., Armenise, D., & Milillo, M. A. (2007) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2007.01.005 · Cited by 287
Bassolé, I. H. N., Lamien‐Meda, A., Bayala, B., Tirogo, S., Franz, C., Novak, J., Nébié, R. C. H., & Dicko, M. H. (2010) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules15117825 · Cited by 281
Khan, M. S. A., Zahin, M., Hasan, S., Husain, F. M., & Ahmad, I. (2009) · Letters in Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1472-765x.2009.02666.x · Cited by 279
Lorenzi, V., Muselli, A., Bernardini, A. F., Berti, L., Pagès, J., Amaral, L., & Bolla, J. (2009) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.00919-08 · Cited by 277
Antimicrobial mechanism of action of surfactant lipid preparations in enteric Gram-negative bacilli
Hamouda, T., & Baker, J. R. (2000) · Journal of Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.01127.x · Cited by 276
Synergistic interaction of eugenol with antibiotics against Gram negative bacteria
Hemaiswarya, S., & Doble, M. (2009) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2009.04.006 · Cited by 273
van Vuuren, S. F., Suliman, S., & Viljoen, A. M. (2009) · Letters in Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1472-765x.2008.02548.x · Cited by 252
Strategies for bypassing the membrane barrier in multidrug resistant Gram‐negative bacteria
Bolla, J., Alibert, S., Handzlik, J., Chevalier, J., Mahamoud, A., Boyer, G., Kieć‐Kononowicz, K., & Pagès, J. (2011) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2011.04.054 · Cited by 250
Application of Origanum majorana L. essential oil as an antimicrobial agent in sausage
Busatta, C., Vidal, R. S., Popiolski, A. S., Mossi, A. J., Dariva, C., Rodrigues, M. R. A., Corazza, F. C., Corazza, M. L., de Oliveira, J. V., & Cansian, R. L. (2007) · Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.fm.2007.07.003 · Cited by 241
Tea tree oil causes K + leakage and inhibits respiration in Escherichia coli
Cox, Gustafson, Mann, Markham, Liew, Hartland, Bell, Warmington, & Wyllie (1998) · Letters in Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1472-765x.1998.00348.x · Cited by 223
Synergic interaction between pomegranate extract and antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus
Braga, L. D. C., Leite, A. A. M., Xavier, K. G. S., Takahashi, J. A., Bemquerer, M. P., Chartone‐Souza, E., & Nascimento, A. M. A. (2005) · Canadian Journal of Microbiology · doi:10.1139/w05-022 · Cited by 214
Hammer, K. A., Carson, C. F., & Riley, T. V. (2011) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.05741-11 · Cited by 178
Krishnan, T., Yin, W., & Chan, K. (2012) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s120404016 · Cited by 177
Karpanen, T. J., Worthington, T., Hendry, E., Conway, B. R., & Lambert, P. A. (2008) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkn325 · Cited by 171
Coutinho, H. D. M., da Costa, J. G. M., Lima, E. D. O., Falcão‐Silva, V. S., & Siqueira-Júnior, J. P. (2009) · BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1186/1472-6882-9-13 · Cited by 156
Synergistic activity of coriander oil and conventional antibiotics against Acinetobacter baumannii
Duarte, A., Ferreira, S. M. P., Silva, F., & Domingues, F. (2012) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2011.11.010 · Cited by 156
Inhibition of quorum-sensing signals by essential oils
Szabó, M. Á., Varga, G. Z., Hohmann, J., Schelz, Z., Szegedi, E., Amaral, L., & Molnár, J. (2010) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.3010 · Cited by 155
Blázquez, J., Baquero, M.-R., Cantón, R., Alós, J.-I., & Baquero, F. (1993) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.37.10.2059 · Cited by 152
Antistaphylococcal activity of Zataria multiflora essential oil and its synergy with vancomycin
Mahboubi, M., & Bidgoli, F. G. (2010) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2009.11.004 · Cited by 138
Bacterial resistance modifying agents from Lycopus europaeus
Gibbons, S., Oluwatuyi, M., Veitch, N. C., & Gray, A. I. (2002) · Phytochemistry · doi:10.1016/s0031-9422(02)00446-6 · Cited by 126
Becerril, R., Nerı́n, C., & Gómez-Lus, R. (2012) · Foodborne Pathogens and Disease · doi:10.1089/fpd.2011.1097 · Cited by 120
Devi, K. P., Sakthivel, R., Nisha, S. A., Suganthy, N., & Pandian, S. K. (2013) · Archives of Pharmacal Research · doi:10.1007/s12272-013-0028-3 · Cited by 114
Si, H., Hu, J., Liu, Z., & Zeng, Z. (2008) · FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1574-695x.2008.00414.x · Cited by 112
Synergy effects of the antibiotics gentamicin and the essential oil of Croton zehntneri
Rodrigues, F. F. G., da Costa, J. G. M., & Coutinho, H. D. M. (2009) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2009.04.004 · Cited by 107
Eumkeb, G., Siriwong, S., Phitaktim, S., Nitaya, R., & Sakdarat, S. (2011) · Journal of Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05190.x · Cited by 98
Eumkeb, G., Siriwong, S., & Thumanu, K. (2012) · Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2012.10.006 · Cited by 93
Al-Hebshi, N. N., Al‐Haroni, M., & Skaug, N. (2005) · Archives of Oral Biology · doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2005.08.001 · Cited by 93
Potential of rosemary oil to be used in drug-resistant infections.
Luqman, S., Dwivedi, G. R., Darokar, M. P., Kalra, A., & Khanuja, S. P. S. (2007) · PubMed · Cited by 90
Wang, Y., Zeng, W., Xu, P.-Y., Lan, Y., Zhu, R.-X., Zhong, K., Huang, Y., & Gao, H. X. (2012) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms13033382 · Cited by 89
Sharma, A., Bajpai, V. K., & Baek, K.-H. (2013) · Journal of Food Safety · doi:10.1111/jfs.12040 · Cited by 84
Coutinho, H. D. M., da Costa, J. G. M., Falcão‐Silva, V. S., Siqueira-Júnior, J. P., & Lima, E. D. O. (2009) · Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2009.08.001 · Cited by 72
Antimicrobial Effects of Essential Oils onStreptococcus pneumoniae
Horne, D. S., Holm, M., Oberg, C. J., Chao, S. C., & Young, D. G. (2001) · Journal of Essential Oil Research · doi:10.1080/10412905.2001.9712241 · Cited by 69
Guerra, F. Q. S., Mendes, J. M., de Sousa, J. P., Morais‐Braga, M. F. B., Santos, B., Coutinho, H. D. M., & Lima, E. D. O. (2011) · Natural Product Research · doi:10.1080/14786419.2011.647019 · Cited by 66
Ang, J. Y., Ezike, E. N., & Asmar, B. I. (2004) · The Indian Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/bf02724275 · Cited by 66
Nascimento, A. M. A., Brandão, M. G. L., Oliveira, G. B., Fortes, I. C. P., & Chartone‐Souza, E. (2007) · Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · doi:10.1007/s10482-006-9139-x · Cited by 61
Marri, L., Dallai, R., & Marchini, D. (1996) · Current Microbiology · doi:10.1007/s002849900071 · Cited by 54
Anti-quorum sensing activity of essential oils from Colombian plants
Jaramillo-Colorado, B. E., Olivero‐Verbel, J., Stashenko, E. E., Wagner‐Döbler, I., & Kunze, B. (2011) · Natural Product Research · doi:10.1080/14786419.2011.557376 · Cited by 53
Cho, Y.-S., Oh, J. J., & Oh, K. (2011) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2011.03.012 · Cited by 41
Chemical composition and resistance-modifying effect of the essential oil ofLantana camaralinn
da Costa, J. G. M., de Sousa, E. O., Silva, N., Rodrigues, F., Campos, A., & Lima, S. (2010) · Pharmacognosy Magazine · doi:10.4103/0973-1296.62890 · Cited by 40
Hammer, K. A., Carson, C. F., & Riley, T. V. (2008) · International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents · doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2008.03.013 · Cited by 34
Davis, A., O’Leary, J. O., Muthaiyan, A., Langevin, M. J., Delgado, A., Abalos, A. T., Fajardo, A. R., Marek, J., Wilkinson, B. J., & Gustafson, J. E. (2005) · Journal of Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2004.02460.x · Cited by 33
Alizadeh, A., & Shaabani, M. (2012) · Cited by 32
Synthetic Membrane-Targeted Antibiotics
Vooturi, S. K., & Firestine, S. M. (2010) · Current Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/092986710791331059 · Cited by 31
Clavulanic acid, a novel beta-lactamase inhibitor--a case study in drug discovery and development.
BROWN, A. G. (1986) · PubMed · Cited by 29
Gustafson, J. E., Cox, S. D., Liew, Y. C., Wyllie, S. G., & Warmington, J. R. (2001) · Pathology · doi:10.1080/00313020123909 · Cited by 26
de Sousa, E. O., Rodrigues, F. F. G., Campos, A. R., Lima, S. G., & da Costa, J. G. M. (2012) · Natural Product Research · doi:10.1080/14786419.2012.678351 · Cited by 17
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oil of Matricaria songarica.
Su, J., Zhu, L., & Tian, Y.-J. (2012) · International Journal of Agriculture and Biology · Cited by 16
Beta-lactamase inhibitory component from the roots of Fissistigma cavaleriei
Yang, Z., Niu, Y., Le, Y., Ma, X., & Qiao, C. (2009) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2009.08.003 · Cited by 15
Reichling, J., Harkenthal, M., Geiss, H. K., Hoppe‐Tichy, T., & Saller, R. (2002) · Cited by 8
Cardiospermum grandiflorum leaf extract potentiates amoxicillin activity on Staphylococcus aureus
Nnamani, P. O. (2012) · Journal of Medicinal Plants Research · doi:10.5897/jmpr11.1544 · Cited by 4
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- World Health Organization. Antimicrobial resistance WHO media centre [updated March cited 2012 May 5] Available from: http://wwwwhoint/mediacentre/factsheets/fs194/en 2012.
- National Cancer Institute.Aromatherapy and Essential Oils (PDQ ) - General Information [updated 10 August cited 2012 14 July] Available from http://wwwcancergov/cancertopics/pdq/cam/aromatherapy/HealthProfessional/page2 2012.
- Guerra FQ, Mendes JM, Sousa JP , et al. Increasing antibiotic activity against a multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter spp by essential oils of Citrus limon and Cinnamomum zeylanicum. Nat Prod Res 2011.
- McGraw-Hill Higher Education (Firm).Annual editions. Microbiology. Annual editions. Dubuque. Iowa: In: McGraw-Hill Higher Education p v.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Progress in Alternative Strategies to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance: Focus on Antibiotics
Murugaiyan, J., Kumar, P. A., Rao, G. S., Iskandar, K., Hawser, S., Hays, J. P., Mohsen, Y., Adukkadukkam, S., Awuah, W. A., Alvarez, M. J. R., et al. (2022) · Antibiotics · doi:10.3390/antibiotics11020200 · Cited by 628
Yang, C., Chowdhury, M. A. K., Huo, Y., & Gong, J. (2015) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens4010137 · Cited by 402
Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) and its bioactive constituents
Laribi, B., Kouki, K., M’Hamdi, M., & Bettaieb, T. (2015) · Fitoterapia · doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2015.03.012 · Cited by 355
López-Romero, J. C., González‐Ríos, H., Borges, A. D. S., & Simões, M. V. (2015) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2015/795435 · Cited by 355
Borges, A. D. S., Abreu, A. C., Días, C., Saavedra, M. J., Borges, F., & Simões, M. V. (2016) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules21070877 · Cited by 331
Metadata
- Authors
- Yap, P. S. X., Yiap, B. C., Ping, H. C., & Lim, S. H. E.
- Affiliations
- IMU University (MY)
- Corresponding author
- Lim, Swee Hua Erin
- Venue
- The Open Microbiology Journal
- Publisher
- Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
- Published
- 2014-02-07
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 6-14
- ISSN
- 1874-2858 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3950955
- OpenAlex
- W2133763626
- Cited by
- 426
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 48 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 28.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Open Microbiology Journal (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology › Antimicrobial agents and applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Microbiology (medical) › Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Keywords
- essential oils, antibiotic resistance, bacterial resistance, antimicrobial synergy, combination therapy, herbal medicine, resistance-modifying agents, antimicrobial agents
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review