Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Diet-Related eHealth and mHealth Research: Bibliometric Analysis
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Electronic health (eHealth) and mobile health (mHealth) approaches to address low physical activity levels, sedentary behavior, and unhealthy diets have received significant research attention. However, attempts to systematically map the entirety of the research field are lacking. This gap can be filled with a bibliometric study, where publication-specific data such as citations, journals, authors, and keywords are used to provide a systematic overview of a specific field. Such analyses will help researchers better position their work. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review was to use bibliometric data to provide an overview of the eHealth and mHealth research field related to physical activity, sedentary behavior, and diet. METHODS: The Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection was searched to retrieve all existing and highly cited (as defined by WoS) physical activity, sedentary behavior, and diet related eHealth and mHealth research papers published in English between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2016. Retrieved titles were screened for eligibility, using the abstract and full-text where needed. We described publication trends over time, which included journals, authors, and countries of eligible papers, as well as their keywords and subject categories. Citations of eligible papers were compared with those expected based on published data. Additionally, we described highly-cited papers of the field (ie, top ranked 1%). RESULTS: The search identified 4805 hits, of which 1712 (including 42 highly-cited papers) were included in the analyses. Publication output increased on an average of 26% per year since 2000, with 49.00% (839/1712) of papers being published between 2014 and 2016. Overall and throughout the years, eHealth and mHealth papers related to physical activity, sedentary behavior, and diet received more citations than expected compared with papers in the same WoS subject categories. The Journal of Medical Internet Research published most papers in the field (9.58%, 164/1712). Most papers originated from high-income countries (96.90%, 1659/1717), in particular the United States (48.83%, 836/1712). Most papers were trials and studied physical activity. Beginning in 2013, research on Generation 2 technologies (eg, smartphones, wearables) sharply increased, while research on Generation 1 (eg, text messages) technologies increased at a reduced pace. Reviews accounted for 20 of the 42 highly-cited papers (n=19 systematic reviews). Social media, smartphone apps, and wearable activity trackers used to encourage physical activity, less sedentary behavior, and/or healthy eating were the focus of 14 highly-cited papers. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlighted the rapid growth of the eHealth and mHealth physical activity, sedentary behavior, and diet research field, emphasized the sizeable contribution of research from high-income countries, and pointed to the increased research interest in Generation 2 technologies. It is expected that the field will grow and diversify further and that reviews and research on most recent technologies will continue to strongly impact the field.
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Most studies using wearable sensors have been conducted in high-income settings like the US and Europe.
“However, most studies were conducted in high-income settings, like the US and Europe [19, 25, 35].”
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- Authors
- Müller, A. M., Maher, C. A., Vandelanotte, C., Hingle, M., Middelweerd, A., Lopez, M. L., DeSmet, A., Short, C. E., Nathan, N., Hutchesson, M. J., Poppe, L., Woods, C. B., Williams, S. L., & Wark, P. A.
- Affiliations
- National University of Singapore (SG)
- University of South Australia (AU)
- Central Queensland University (AU)
- University of Arizona (US)
- Amsterdam Public Health (NL)
- Texas A&M University (US)
- Research Foundation - Flanders (BE)
- Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health (AU)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute (AU)
- University of Newcastle Australia (AU)
- University of Limerick (IE)
- Coventry (United Kingdom) (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Müller, Andre Matthias
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Medical Internet Research
- Publisher
- JMIR Publications Inc.
- Published
- 2018-04-18
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- e122
- ISSN
- 1438-8871 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5932335
- OpenAlex
- W2801168056
- Cited by
- 180
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 6
- FWCI
- 3.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Journal of Medical Internet Research (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- University of Limerick Institutional Repository (University of Limerick) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Acquire (CQUniversity) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- National University of Singapore (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Arrow@dit (Dublin Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (Université Libre de Bruxelles) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Pure (Coventry University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Spiral (Imperial College London) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- UniSA Research Outputs Repository (University of South Australia) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Australian Government
- National Heart Foundation of Australia (ID100427, 100427, 1090517)
- Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO16/PDO/060, 11Z4716N, 12H6717N, FWO16/PDO/060, 12H6717N)
- Vlaamse regering
- Medical Research Council
- National Health and Medical Research Council (100427, 1090517)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › scientometrics and bibliometrics research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Keywords
- physical activity, sedentary behavior, diet, e-health, mobile health, mobile health apps, wearable devices, health behavior change, research trends, citation analysis, highly cited papers, health economics, health services research, health disparities, health equity
- MeSH terms
- Diet, Healthy, Diet, Humans, Exercise, Bibliometrics, Telemedicine, Internet, Sedentary Behavior
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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