A Web-Based Intervention for Health Professionals and Patients to Decrease Cardiovascular Risk Attributable to Physical Inactivity: Development Process
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Patients with cardiovascular risk factors can reduce their risk of cardiovascular disease by increasing their physical activity and their physical fitness. According to the guidelines for cardiovascular risk management, health professionals should encourage their patients to engage in physical activity. OBJECTIVE: In this paper, we provide insight regarding the systematic development of a Web-based intervention for both health professionals and patients with cardiovascular risk factors using the development method Intervention Mapping. The different steps of Intervention Mapping are described to open up the "black box" of Web-based intervention development and to support future Web-based intervention development. METHODS: The development of the Professional and Patient Intention and Behavior Intervention (PIB2 intervention) was initiated with a needs assessment for both health professionals (ie, physiotherapy and nursing) and their patients. We formulated performance and change objectives and, subsequently, theory- and evidence-based intervention methods and strategies were selected that were thought to affect the intention and behavior of health professionals and patients. The rationale of the intervention was based on different behavioral change methods that allowed us to describe the scope and sequence of the intervention and produced the Web-based intervention components. The Web-based intervention consisted of 5 modules, including individualized messages and self-completion forms, and charts and tables. RESULTS: The systematic and planned development of the PIB2 intervention resulted in an Internet-delivered behavior change intervention. The intervention was not developed as a substitute for face-to-face contact between professionals and patients, but as an application to complement and optimize health services. The focus of the Web-based intervention was to extend professional behavior of health care professionals, as well as to improve the risk-reduction behavior of patients with cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: The Intervention Mapping protocol provided a systematic method for developing the intervention and each intervention design choice was carefully thought-out and justified. Although it was not a rapid or an easy method for developing an intervention, the protocol guided and directed the development process. The application of evidence-based behavior change methods used in our intervention offers insight regarding how an intervention may change intention and health behavior. The Web-based intervention appeared feasible and was implemented. Further research will test the effectiveness of the PIB2 intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Dutch Trial Register, Trial ID: ECP-92.
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Eleven of the 15 included papers incorporated other approaches, tools, or resources as a component of the intervention design process.
“Eleven of the 15 papers incorporated other approaches, tools, or resources as a component of the intervention design process [14, 19–28].”
From Methods for designing interventions to change healthcare professionals’ behaviour: a systematic review (2017) · cites this paper as [26]
Six of the 15 papers used the structured interview processes outlined in the Theoretical Domains Framework or in Intervention Mapping.
“Six papers used the structured interview processes outlined in the TDF [19, 21, 25] or in Intervention Mapping [20, 26, 27].”
From Methods for designing interventions to change healthcare professionals’ behaviour: a systematic review (2017) · cites this paper as [26]
Four of the 15 included papers incorporated Intervention Mapping.
“Four of these [20, 23, 26, 27] incorporated Intervention Mapping [29]”
From Methods for designing interventions to change healthcare professionals’ behaviour: a systematic review (2017) · cites this paper as [26]
Five of the 15 included papers incorporated just one other published tool.
“Five of 15 incorporated just one other published tool [20, 24, 26–28]”
From Methods for designing interventions to change healthcare professionals’ behaviour: a systematic review (2017) · cites this paper as [26]
Examples of specific theories used included Social Cognitive Theory to design a computer-delivered intervention to enhance use of practice guidelines in general practices, and theories of risk perception to improve physical activity in cardiovascular patients as part of Intervention Mapping.
“Examples included using Social Cognitive Theory [33] to design a computer-delivered intervention to enhance the use of practice guidelines in general practices [31], and using theories of risk perception to improve physical activity in cardiovascular patients as part of the Intervention Mapping process [26].”
From Methods for designing interventions to change healthcare professionals’ behaviour: a systematic review (2017) · cites this paper as [26]
Four of the 15 methods papers for designing interventions to change HCPs' behaviour incorporated Intervention Mapping.
“However, we did find four methods papers for designing interventions to change HCPs’ behaviour that incorporated Intervention Mapping [20, 23, 26, 27].”
From Methods for designing interventions to change healthcare professionals’ behaviour: a systematic review (2017) · cites this paper as [26]
Among the papers that linked barriers to intervention components, methods included mapping TDF barriers to the BCT taxonomy and using the structured approaches described in Intervention Mapping.
“Methods to link barriers to intervention components included mapping TDF-barriers to the BCT taxonomy [19, 21, 25], as well as using the structured approaches described in Intervention Mapping [20, 26, 27].”
From Methods for designing interventions to change healthcare professionals’ behaviour: a systematic review (2017) · cites this paper as [26]
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- Authors
- Sassen, B., Kok, G., Mesters, I., Crutzen, R., Cremers, A., & Vanhees, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Applied Sciences Utrecht (NL)
- Maastricht University (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Sassen, Barbara
- Venue
- JMIR Research Protocols
- Publisher
- JMIR Publications Inc.
- Published
- 2012-12-14
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- e21
- ISSN
- 1929-0748 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3626153
- OpenAlex
- W1965383954
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 3.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- JMIR Research Protocols (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Keywords
- online intervention, cardiovascular risk factors, physical inactivity, physical activity promotion, intervention mapping, healthcare workers, physiotherapy, needs assessment, cardiovascular disease prevention
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