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An Attribution Model of Public Discrimination Towards Persons with Mental Illness
Abstract
In this study, we build on previous work by developing and estimating a model of the relationships between causal attributions (e.g., controllability, responsibility), familiarity with mental illness, dangerousness, emotional responses (e.g., pity, anger, fear), and helping and rejecting responses. Using survey data containing responses to hypothetical vignettes, we examine these relationships in a sample of 518 community college students. Consistent with attribution theory, causal attributions affect beliefs about persons' responsibility for causing their condition, beliefs which in turn lead to affective reactions, resulting in rejecting responses such as avoidance, coercion, segregation, and withholding help. However, consistent with a danger appraisal hypothesis, the effects of perceptions of dangerousness on helping and rejecting responses are unmediated by responsibility beliefs. Much of the dangerousness effects operate by increasing fear, a particularly strong predictor of support for coercive treatment. The results from this study also suggest that familiarity with mental illness reduces discriminatory responses.
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“Community stigma was operationalized using a 12-item scale adapted from Corrigan et al.'s Attribution Questionnaire [29]”
From Co-creating systems change for mental health: a theory of change approach from the MeHPriC initiative in Lagos, Nigeria (2025) · cites this paper as [29]
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Markowitz, F. E., & Watson, A. C. (2015) · Criminology · doi:10.1111/1745-9125.12067 · Cited by 17
“The subjects were administered a series of Likert-scale items drawn from the Attribution Questionnaire (Corrigan et al., 2003) and the General Social Survey (GSS) Mental Health Modules (Pescosolido et al., 2010), which were modified to fit the vignettes and to capture the dimensions of internal and external causal attri…”
InfluentialSelf-citationUsing attribution theory to examine community rehabilitation provider stigma
Strauser, D. R., Çiftçi, A., & O’Sullivan, D. (2009) · International Journal of Rehabilitation Research · doi:10.1097/mrr.0b013e328307f5b0 · Cited by 17
“Specifically, drug addiction was found to be perceived by the general public as the most negative in terms of controllability, and mental retardation the most negative in terms of stability (Corrigan et al., 2000, 2003; Chan et al., 2005).”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Causal Attributions of Nursing Students Toward Adolescent Survivors of Brain Injury
Linden, M., & McClure, J. (2011) · Nursing Research · doi:10.1097/nnr.0b013e31823ca253 · Cited by 17
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“Models of attribution from health psychology may be useful in challenging these views, such as Corrigan et al.’s (2003) attribution model of how individuals respond to the behaviours of people with mental health problems.”
BackgroundThe influence of aetiology and blame on prejudice towards survivors of brain injury
Linden, M., Hanna, D., & Redpath, S. J. (2007) · Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology · doi:10.1016/j.acn.2007.04.009 · Cited by 17
“Corrigan et al. (2003) found that unwillingness to help those with mental illness was predictive of attributions concerning the cause of mental illness and dangerousness.”
BackgroundResultHelpful or harmful? The effect of a diagnostic label and its later retraction on person impressions
Mickelberg, A. J., Walker, B., Ecker, U. K. H., & Fay, N. (2024) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104420 · Cited by 16
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Difference and Disdain as Indicators of the Public Stigma of Mental Illness
Corrigan, P. W., Talluri, S. S., & Qin, S. (2021) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000001354 · Cited by 16
“…the sensitivity and construct validity of a stereotype-based measure of mental illness public stigma (called the Attribution Questionnaire: for example, people with mental illness are to blame for their disorder; Corrigan et al., 2003) with a measure they developed representing difference per se.”
BackgroundSelf-citationYang, J., & Mackert, M. (2021) · Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10410236.2021.1982561 · Cited by 16
“According to attribution theory, attributional perceptions of an external locus, uncontrollability, and instability lead to lower stigmatization, while an internal locus together with controllability and stability is associated with higher stigmatization (Corrigan et al., 2003; Weiner et al., 1988).”
BackgroundRuiz‐Robledillo, N., Clement‐Carbonell, V., Ferrer‐Cascales, R., Portilla, I., Alcocer‐Bruno, C., & Bravo, E. M. G. (2021) · Psychology Research and Behavior Management · doi:10.2147/prbm.s332494 · Cited by 15
“37,38 HIV self-stigma is a very extensive field of study.”
Examining the Reciprocity Between Perceived Discrimination and Health: A Longitudinal Perspective
Liu, H., & Yang, T. (2022) · Population Research and Policy Review · doi:10.1007/s11113-022-09712-8 · Cited by 16
“People with health problems may be considered incompetent, dangerous, and responsible for their own conditions (Corrigan & Blink, 2016; Corrigan et al., 2003; Puhl & Heuer, 2010).”
BackgroundSattler, S., Maskileyson, D., Racine, É., Davidov, E., & Escande, A. (2023) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-023-15234-5 · Cited by 16
“To understand the links between disease-related and individual attributes and stigmatization, this study utilized attribution theory [12, 18, 31].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialParish, C. L., Feaster, D. J., Pollack, H. A., Horigian, V. E., Wang, X., Jacobs, P., Pereyra, M. R., Drymon, C., Allen, E. M., Gooden, L. K., et al. (2023) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/47548 · Cited by 22
Davis, A., Knudsen, H. K., Walker, D. M., Chassler, D., Lunze, K., Westgate, P. M., Oga, E. A., Rodriguez, S., Tan, S., Holloway, J., et al. (2024) · The Lancet Regional Health - Americas · doi:10.1016/j.lana.2024.100710 · Cited by 17
Stigma in Class: Mental Illness, Social Status, and Tokenism in Elite College Culture
Billings, K. R. (2020) · Sociological Perspectives · doi:10.1177/0731121420921878 · Cited by 16
“The 9-item Attribution Questionnaire (AQ9) measured personal mental illness stigma (Corrigan et al. 2003).”
BackgroundMaeder, E. M., Yamamoto, S., & McLaughlin, K. J. (2019) · International Journal of Law and Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2019.101536 · Cited by 24
College Students’ Perceptions of Attributes Associated With Autism Spectrum Disorders
Payne, J. L., & Wood, C. L. (2015) · Communication Disorders Quarterly · doi:10.1177/1525740114560883 · Cited by 16
“Other studies further support that exposure, specifically personal contact with persons with mental illnesses, produces the greatest consistent results in fostering positive perceptions toward those individuals (Corrigan et al., 2003).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialEffects of Simulated Learning and Facilitated Debriefing on Student Understanding of Mental Illness
Merryman, M. B. (2010) · Occupational Therapy in Mental Health · doi:10.1080/01642120903513933 · Cited by 16
Stigmatizing Clients With Mental Health Conditions: An Assessment of Social Work Student Attitudes
Kubiak, S. P., Ahmedani, B. K., Ríos‐Bedoya, C. F., & Anthony, J. C. (2011) · Social Work in Mental Health · doi:10.1080/15332985.2010.540516 · Cited by 16
“Moreover, there remains a strong general tendency toward avoidance of persons with mental illnesses when avoidance is possible (Corrigan et al., 2003).”
BackgroundValidation of a brief implicit association test of stigma: schizophrenia and dangerousness
Denenny, D. M., Bentley, E., & Schiffman, J. E. (2014) · Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.3109/09638237.2014.951482 · Cited by 17
“, 1994) Attribution Questionnaire 27 (Corrigan et al., 2003) Danger subscale measures perceived dangerousness of people with schizophrenia (authors replaced mental illness with schizophrenia) 3 Likert scale items rated 1 (not at all scared) to 9 (very scared) Higher scores1⁄4more perceived dangerousness Cronbach’s alp…”
BackgroundCauses of schizophrenia reported by urban African American lay community members
Compton, M. T., Esterberg, M. L., & Broussard, B. (2007) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2007.07.003 · Cited by 16
“Attributions of causation have been shown to affect the response of individuals toward those with a mental illness and to influence stigmatizing attitudes and beliefs about the efficacy of treatment [21-23].”
BackgroundGausel, N., & Thørrisen, M. M. (2014) · Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology and Crime Prevention · doi:10.1080/14043858.2013.864841 · Cited by 19
“The stigma of intellectual disability Even though intellectual disability(1) is, in essence, a concealable and uncontrollable stigma, people with intellectual disabilities are still victims of stigmatization (Corrigan et al., 2003).”
BackgroundInfluentialCollege Students’ Attitudes Toward Individuals With Autism
Mahoney, D. (2019) · Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) · doi:10.17615/z4s5-bp18 · Cited by 16
Addiction Stigma Among Mental Health Professionals and Medical Students in Egypt
Rasheed, A. H. E., Sheikh, M. M. E., Missiry, M. A. G. E., Hatata, H. A., & Ahmed, N. (2016) · Addictive Disorders & Their Treatment · doi:10.1097/adt.0000000000000090 · Cited by 16
“Janulis (2010) modified Corrigan et al (2003) 7-item measure to fit with substance dependence.”
MethodLay Expectations of Mental Disorder: A Test of the Folk Psychiatry Model
Levi, M., & Haslam, N. (2005) · Basic and Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15324834basp2702_3 · Cited by 16
“When the cause of a person’s disorder is perceived to be controllable and unstable, negative emotional reactions such as anger and discriminatory behavior follow because, it is reasoned, the person should have avoided it (Corrigan et al., 2003).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialKerppola, J., Halme, N., Perälä, M., & Maija‐Pietilä, A. (2019) · Nordic journal of nursing research · doi:10.1177/2057158519865844 · Cited by 16
“As known from stigma research in general, factors that could mitigate stigmatizing attitudes are attribution beliefs and knowledge of and experience with a stigmatized condition.(46) Parents in our study reported that feelings of being incomplete as a parent were common.”
BackgroundBracho, M.-J., Grasso‐Cladera, A., Salas, C., & Lassaletta, A. (2022) · Studies in Psychology Estudios de Psicología · doi:10.1080/02109395.2021.2006947 · Cited by 15
“Este modelo propone que la percepción de estar ante una persona evaluada como peligrosa genera miedo y dicho miedo moviliza conductas discriminatorias en respuesta a ese miedo (Corrigan et al., 2003).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialHazell, C. M., Fixsen, A. M., & Berry, C. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0273254 · Cited by 16
“For example, mental health stigma can impede finances by reducing employability [5], it can worsen symptoms due to delayed help-seeking [6], and it can increase isolation due to fears and experiences of judgement and rejection [2, 7].”
BackgroundOostermeijer, S., Morgan, A. J., Ross, A., Grimmond, T., & Reavley, N. J. (2022) · Legal and Criminological Psychology · doi:10.1111/lcrp.12227 · Cited by 18
Mental Health Stigma Reduction Interventions Among Men: A Systematic Review
Sweeney, J., O’Donnell, S., Roche, E., White, P. J., Carroll, P., & Richardson, N. (2024) · American Journal of Men s Health · doi:10.1177/15579883241299353 · Cited by 16
Guruge, S., Wang, A. Z. Y., Jayasuriya-Illesinghe, V., & Sidani, S. (2016) · Psychology Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548506.2016.1191655 · Cited by 14
Attitudes towards motherhood of women with physical versus psychiatric disabilities
Hasson‐Ohayon, I., Hason-Shaked, M., Silberg, T., Shpigelman, C., & Roe, D. (2018) · Disability and health journal · doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2018.05.002 · Cited by 15
Colman, L., Delaruelle, K., Luypaert, C., Verniest, R., & Bracke, P. (2020) · International Journal of Social Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0020764020973249 · Cited by 16
“According to these results, we can support previous research presuming that biogenetic- or personal explanations trigger stigma conceptualizations (Corrigan et al., 2003), while psychosocial explanations activate more tolerant attitudes (Lam et al.”
ResultAutism in the media: A longitudinal study of stigma cues and framing of attribution
Yu, N., & Farrell, L. C. (2020) · Newspaper Research Journal · doi:10.1177/0739532920969887 · Cited by 15
“When a health risk is perceived as unpreventable, the feeling of sympathy can arise that can lead to helping behaviors (P. Corrigan et al., 2003; Weiner, 1993).”
BackgroundMethodStigma, Discrimination, and HIV/AIDS: An Introduction
Liamputtong, P. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-6324-1_1 · Cited by 15
Ling, C. Y. M., & Mak, W. W. S. (2011) · Journal of Intellectual Disability Research · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2788.2011.01469.x · Cited by 15
Lampropoulos, D., Fonte, D., & Apostolidis, T. (2018) · L Évolution Psychiatrique · doi:10.1016/j.evopsy.2018.09.002 · Cited by 15
The effects of obsession type and diagnostic label on OCD stigma
Homonoff, Z., & Sciutto, M. J. (2019) · Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jocrd.2019.100484 · Cited by 15
Caplan, S. (2016) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-016-0005-7 · Cited by 15
“Corrigan (2003) created the Attribution Questionnaire, which uses vignettes and word pictures to assess the public’s beliefs about causes of mental illness and the extent to which a person with mental illness is culpable for his/her disease.”
MethodJuror decision-making regarding a defendant diagnosed with borderline personality disorder
Baker, J., Edwards, I., & Beazley, P. I. (2021) · Psychiatry Psychology and Law · doi:10.1080/13218719.2021.1938273 · Cited by 22
“The hypothesis that the manipulation of diagnostic terminology would result in differences in stigma-related beliefs, as measured by the AQ–27 (Corrigan et al., 2003), was supported by the results.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialCompton, M. T., Krishan, S., Broussard, B., Bakeman, R. A., Fleischmann, M. H., Hankerson‐Dyson, D., Husbands, L., Stewart, T., D’Orio, B., & Watson, A. C. (2022) · International Journal of Law and Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2022.101814 · Cited by 14
Self-citationGlaz, A. L., Lemey, C., Berrouiguet, S., Walter, M., Lemogne, C., & Flahault, C. (2022) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.111054 · Cited by 14
Service Providers' Attitudes Toward Athletes With Eating Disorders
McArdle, S., Meade, M. M., & Burrows, E. (2016) · Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine · doi:10.1097/jsm.0000000000000406 · Cited by 14
“Current conceptualization of stigma suggests that when negative cognitive or causal attributions are made (eg, the cause of problem is under the individual’s control), negative emotional responses (eg, fear and lack of pity) and behavioral outcomes (eg, discriminatory behaviors such as segregation) are likely to ensue…”
InfluentialZaninotto, L., Qian, J., Sun, Y., Bassi, G., Solmi, M., & Salcuni, S. (2018) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2018.00362 · Cited by 14
“The AQ-27 has been developed by Corrigan based on the Attribution Theory (32), and has been widely used in stigma research (33– 37).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialCulture, causal attributions to visual impairments, and stigma: A mediation model
Soffer, M. (2019) · Disability and health journal · doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2019.01.006 · Cited by 14
Hahm, S., Muehlan, H., Stolzenburg, S., Tomczyk, S., Schmidt, S., & Schomerus, G. (2019) · Stigma and Health · doi:10.1037/sah0000184 · Cited by 13
Using counterframing strategies to enhance anti-stigma campaigns related to mental illness
Vyncke, B., & Gorp, B. V. (2020) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113090 · Cited by 14
Opioid Use Stigma: An Examination of Student Attitudes on Harm Reduction Strategies
Reynolds, G., Lindsay, B. L., Knaak, S. J., & Szeto, A. C. H. (2022) · International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction · doi:10.1007/s11469-022-00756-7 · Cited by 14
“Attribution To assess stigmatizing and discriminatory attitudes towards the vignette character, a modified version of the Attribution Questionnaire (AQ-27; Corrigan et al., 2003) was used.”
MethodArblaster, K., Mackenzie, L. A., & Willis, K. F. (2015) · The Journal of Mental Health Training Education and Practice · doi:10.1108/jmhtep-04-2015-0016 · Cited by 14
Mental Illness Stigma as Social Injustice: Yet Another Dream to Be Achieved.
Corrigan, P. W. (2005) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/10887-015 · Cited by 14
Self-citationDepression stigma among adolescents in Ireland.
Dolphin, L., & Hennessy, E. (2016) · Stigma and Health · doi:10.1037/sah0000025 · Cited by 14
Addressing Mental Illness Stigma in the Psychology Classroom
Maranzan, K. A. (2016) · Psychology Learning & Teaching · doi:10.1177/1475725716666804 · Cited by 14
“Email: kamaranz@lakeheadu.ca anxiety, and uneasiness (Corrigan et al., 2003; Link, Yang, Phelan, & Collins, 2004).”
BackgroundEiroá‐Orosa, F. J., & Limiñana-Bravo, L. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16020244 · Cited by 14
“Attribution Questionnaire General public Public stigma [15]”
French, P., Hutton, P., Barratt, S., Parker, S., Byrne, R. E., Shryane, N. M., & Morrison, A. P. (2010) · Psychosis · doi:10.1080/17522431003717683 · Cited by 14
The influence of emphasizing psychological causes of depression on public stigma.
Botha, F. B., & Dozois, D. J. A. (2015) · Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement · doi:10.1037/a0039611 · Cited by 14
Markham, S. (2017) · Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology · doi:10.1080/14789949.2017.1335761 · Cited by 14
“…examining this perceived link, however, two empirical research studies discovered clear association between perceived endangerment from and avoidance of the mentally disordered, with fear as the mediating element (Corrigan, Markowitz, Watson, Rowan, & Kubiak, 2003; Feldman & Crandall, 2007).”
RetractedZhang, Y., Zhou, M., Liang, R., Chen, J., Shi, P., Zheng, Y., Luo, X., Wu, Y., Yu, X., Wu, Y., et al. (2025) · The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific · doi:10.1016/j.lanwpc.2025.101642 · Cited by 18
Feijó, L. P., Motta, S. G., Saldanha, R. P., Kubrusly, M., & Augusto, K. L. (2019) · Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica · doi:10.1590/1981-52712015v43n4rb20190027 · Cited by 14
Andrà, C., Priolo, G., Merlin, F., & Chiavarino, C. (2021) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-021-10048-9 · Cited by 14
“Attribution theory suggests that when an individual’s condition or behavior is considered to be under the individual’s control, or if the individual is responsible for it, others are more likely to deny help and avoid the person (Corrigan et al., 2003; Weiner et al., 1988).”
BackgroundVorstenbosch, E., Masoliver-Gallach, R., & Escuder-Romeva, G. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061160 · Cited by 16
Brain-computer interfaces, disability, and the stigma of refusal: A factorial vignette study
Sample, M., Sattler, S., Boehlen, W., & Racine, É. (2023) · Public Understanding of Science · doi:10.1177/09636625221141663 · Cited by 17
“Thus, in line with the predictions of Attribution Theory, the expected responsibility to “overcome” the current state of disability evokes stigmatizing attitudes since respondents may have attributed a lack of effort and taking this responsibility if the vignette person decided against a BCI (Corrigan, 2006; Weiner, 1…”
MethodCasale, S., Boursier, V., Musicò, A., Ghinassi, S., Cigolini, G., Petrucci, E., & Gioia, F. (2023) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107665 · Cited by 18
“The Italian version (Pingani et al., 2012) of the Dangerousness subscale of the Attribution Questionnaire (AQ; Corrigan et al., 2003) was used to evaluate the participants ’ perception about IGD/PSU/PSNSU dangerousness ( “ I would feel unsafe ” ).”
Lefler, E. K., Alacha, H. F., Weed, B. M., Reeble, C. J., & Garner, A. M. (2023) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.1177/00332941231156821 · Cited by 15
“One subscale from the Attribution Questionnaire (Corrigan et al., 2003) was used in both Study 1 and Study 2.”
Validation of the Developmental Work Personality Model and Scale
O’Sullivan, D., & Strauser, D. R. (2010) · Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0034355210378045 · Cited by 13
Knettel, B. A., Rugira, J., & Tesha, F. (2018) · International Perspectives in Psychology · doi:10.1037/ipp0000078 · Cited by 13
Pre-existing Perceptions of ADHD Predict Children’s Sociometrics Given to Classmates with ADHD
Na, J. J., & Mikami, A. Y. (2018) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-018-1147-8 · Cited by 13
Johnson-Kwochka, A. V., Aalsma, M. C., Monahan, P. O., & Salyers, M. P. (2021) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108600 · Cited by 14
“The AQ-27 is theoretically driven (Corrigan et al., 2003; Lee et al., 2014) and has been shown to be reliable and valid (Pinto, Hickman, Logsdon, & Burant, 2012).”
MethodRuybal, A. L., & Siegel, J. T. (2021) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2021.104197 · Cited by 13
Szekely, R., Mason, O. J., Frohlich, D. M., & Barley, E. A. (2023) · Behaviour and Information Technology · doi:10.1080/0144929x.2023.2232049 · Cited by 13
“While self-report measures are able to capture explicit aspects of stigma, that is not the case for affective reactions or actual behaviour toward stigmatised groups, which may, in fact, be inconsistent with explicitly expressed attitudes or intentions (Corrigan et al. 2003; Kopera et al. 2015).”
Estigma na doença mental: estudo observacional
Familiar, I. F. E. M. G. E., Oliveira, A. R., Azevedo, S. M., & Familiar, I. F. E. M. G. E. (2014) · Revista Portuguesa de Clínica Geral · doi:10.32385/rpmgf.v30i4.11347 · Cited by 13
Henshaw, E. J. (2014) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000000121 · Cited by 13
“Beliefs about the personal responsibility for John’s depression were measured using three items developed and tested previously (Corrigan et al., 2003).”
MethodPerceived Improvements in Service User Involvement in Two Clinical Psychology Training Courses
Holttum, S., & Hayward, M. (2010) · Psychology Learning & Teaching · doi:10.2304/plat.2010.9.1.16 · Cited by 13
Marsh, J. K., & Shanks, L. L. (2014) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/s13421-014-0427-9 · Cited by 15
Yoo, J. H., & Jang, S. (2012) · Global Journal of Health Science · doi:10.5539/gjhs.v4n4p15 · Cited by 13
“Consequently, when people perceive that infection of the disease could have been controllable by the individuals, they are more likely to blame and stigmatize the infected than those of who are infected inadvertently (Corrigan et al., 2003).”
BackgroundGay, J., Gill, P. R., & Corboy, D. (2016) · Journal of Gambling Issues · doi:10.4309/jgi.2016.33.3 · Cited by 13
“This scale is a modified version of the Attributional Model of Public Discrimination Towards Persons with Mental Illness, which has demonstrated good internal reliability (Corrigan et al., 2003).”
MethodInfluentialLawlor, A., & Kirakowski, J. (2017) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2017.03.070 · Cited by 13
Fenner, P., Ryan, B., Latai, L., & Percival, S. L. (2017) · Arts & Health · doi:10.1080/17533015.2017.1334677 · Cited by 13
Koike, S., Yamaguchi, S., Ojio, Y., & Ando, S. (2018) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.12.081 · Cited by 14
Werner, P., & Segel‐Karpas, D. (2019) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2019.1584791 · Cited by 13
“Stigmatic attributions: Based on an attributional model of stigma (Corrigan, Markowitz, Watson, Rowan, & Kubiak, 2003), we assessed laypersons’ cognitive (dangerousness and controllability), emotional (anger, fear and pity) and discriminatory (social distance) attributions using and adapted version of the Depression A…”
BackgroundMethodStigma Among Chinese Medical Students Toward Individuals With Mental Illness
Kong, L., Fan, W., Xu, N., Meng, X., Qu, H., & Guo-hua, Y. (2019) · Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services · doi:10.3928/02793695-20191022-03 · Cited by 13
An Action Research Framework for Religion and the Stigma of Suicide
Lehmann, C. S., Leung, C., Miller, I., & Girguis, S. (2021) · Religions · doi:10.3390/rel12100802 · Cited by 21
“Alternatively, according to attribution theory, persons with conditions thought to be under the person’s control are seen as more responsible and blameworthy (Corrigan et al. 2003).”
BackgroundResearch on the Impact of Pro-Environment Game and Guilt on Environmentally Sustainable Behaviour
Chen, J., Zhang, G., & Qin-fang, H. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192013406 · Cited by 13
“Studies have also explored the negative societal attitudes and psychological impact on gamers in terms of the stigma of gaming [24].”
BackgroundThe stigma of mental health problems: A cross-sectional study in a representative sample of Spain
González‐Sanguino, C., Santos‐Olmo, A. B., Zamorano, S., Sánchez‐Iglesias, I., & López, M. M. (2023) · International Journal of Social Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/00207640231180124 · Cited by 12
“Attributions Toward MHPs. Attributions about stigma in mental health problems are assessed using the Attribution Questionnaire-9 (AQ-9; P. W. Corrigan et al., 2014), a shortened nine items version of the Attribution Question-naire-27 (P. Corrigan et al., 2003).”
MethodShrimpton, L., Addison, M. T., Cavener, J., Scott, S., & McGovern, W. (2024) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph21091189 · Cited by 12
“Stigma is also experienced on an individual level where the stigmatised individual can experience self-stigma and internalise the labels they have been given, utilising them to create negative internal self-beliefs [18–22].”
BackgroundThe effects of severity and causal explanation on social perceptions of hair loss
Ricketts, E., Brandt, B. C., & Woods, D. W. (2012) · Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jocrd.2012.07.007 · Cited by 14
Rise, J., Aarø, L. E., Halkjelsvik, T., & Kovač, V. B. (2013) · Addiction Research & Theory · doi:10.3109/16066359.2013.785532 · Cited by 12
Desenvolvimento e Validação da Escala de Crenças sobre a Doença Mental
Maciel, S. C., Pereira, C. R., de Lima, T. J. S., & de Souza, L. E. C. (2015) · Psicologia Reflexão e Crítica · doi:10.1590/1678-7153.201528305 · Cited by 12
Budescu, M., Sisselman-Borgia, A., & Torino, G. C. (2019) · Emerging Adulthood · doi:10.1177/2167696819845751 · Cited by 12
The status and stigma consequences of mental illness labels, deviant behavior, and fear
Manago, B. N., & Mize, T. D. (2021) · Social Science Research · doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2021.102690 · Cited by 12
O’Dowd, R., Cohen, M. H., & Quayle, E. (2022) · Journal of Forensic Psychology Research and Practice · doi:10.1080/24732850.2021.2013364 · Cited by 12
“Despite the contested evidence, research continues to demonstrate a public perception that those with mental illness are more prone to engage in violence (Corrigan et al., 2003; Feldman & Crandall, 2007; Van Kesteren, 2009).”
BackgroundCOVID-19 perceived stigma among survivors: A cross-sectional study of prevalence and predictors
Alchawa, M., Naja, S., Ali, K., Kehyayan, V., Haddad, P. M., & Bougmiza, I. M. (2022) · The European Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ejpsy.2022.08.004 · Cited by 12
“When a disease contraction is potentially controllable by individuals as in the case of COVID-19, the general public will still likely blame the infected individuals for being responsible for getting infected.(11) It has been suggested in the available literature that stigma, which may be perceived by COVID-19 survivo…”
BackgroundAttitudes towards people with mental disorders in a general population in Finland
Aromaa, E. (2011) · STM:n Hallinnonalan avoin julkaisuarkisto (Julkari) · Cited by 12
Chia, N. N. B. A. M., Kannusamy, P., & Yobas, P. K. (2012) · The JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports · doi:10.11124/jbisrir-2012-405 · Cited by 12
DePalma (2015) · American Indian and Alaska Native Mental Health Research · doi:10.5820/aian.2202.2015.1 · Cited by 12
Yelderman, L. A., & Miller, M. K. (2016) · Psychiatry Psychology and Law · doi:10.1080/13218719.2016.1160005 · Cited by 12
Mosaku, K. S., & Wallymahmed, A. H. (2016) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-016-0017-3 · Cited by 12
“Studies among health workers at other levels have shown that caregivers directly involved in the care of the mentally ill tend to have a more positive attitude towards their care (Corrigan et al. 2003; Crisp et al. 2000).”
BackgroundMellifont, D. (2017) · Work · doi:10.3233/wor-172643 · Cited by 12
“Stigma representsyetanothersignificantbarriertothesocial involvement of the mentally ill and may result in these individuals being avoided when viewed as dangerous [27, 28].”
Impacto de uma intervenção no estigma em saúde mental e ansiedade intergrupal
Querido, A., Tomás, C. C., Carvalho, D., Gomes, J. M. F., & Cordeiro, M. S. S. (2020) · Acta Paulista de Enfermagem · doi:10.37689/acta-ape/2020ao0226 · Cited by 12
Knowledge mediates attitude in autism spectrum disorders? Data from Malaysia
Chu, S. Y., Lee, J., Wong, Y. Y., Gan, C. H., Fierro, V., & Hersh, D. (2021) · International Journal of Developmental Disabilities · doi:10.1080/20473869.2021.1975254 · Cited by 11
“Given that familiarity with mental illness may lead to a decrease in discriminatory behaviours (Corrigan et al. 2003, Lee and Seo 2018), understanding the knowledge and attitudes of lay people toward ASD may help explain how people with autism spectrum are treated in society.”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Corrigan, P., Markowitz, F. E., Watson, A., Rowan, D., & Kubiak, M. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Chicago (US)
- Northern Illinois University (US)
- Prairie State College (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Health and Social Behavior
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2003-06
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 162
- ISSN
- 0022-1465 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2104804522
- Cited by
- 1,407
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2026: 73 · 2025: 98 · 2024: 83 · 2023: 88 · 2022: 95 · 2021: 123 · 2020: 99 · 2019: 85 · 2018: 57 · 2017: 71 · 2016: 76 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 56 · 2013: 50 · 2012: 52
- FWCI
- 19.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Health and Social Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r24mh062198-06)
- National Institute of Mental Health (5 R24 MH62198)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychology and Mental Health
- Keywords
- mental illness, causal attribution, attribution theory, perceived dangerousness, responsibility beliefs, fear, pity, anger, rejection response, involuntary treatment, segregation, community college students, stigma
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Attitude to Health, Mental Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Models, Psychological, Prejudice, Social Environment, Stereotyping, Students, Universities, Midwestern United States, Behavioral Research
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