Economic insecurity, prejudicial stereotypes, and public opinion on immigration policy
Abstract
PETER BURNS is an assistant professor of political science at Trinity College in Hartford, Connecticut. He has just completed a book manuscript entitled Electoral Politics Is Not Enough: The Struggle of African Americans and Latinos for Full Representation in Urban Politics. JAMES G. GIMPEL is an associate professor of government at the University of Maryland in College Park. His most recent book is Separate Destinations: Migration, Immigration, and the Politics of Places.
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Factors such as religion, inequality, and resource scarcity may predict prejudice and discrimination across cultures.
“Factors such as religion, inequality, and resource scarcity may predict prejudice and discrimination across cultures [23,62–64].”
From Ecological and cultural factors underlying the global distribution of prejudice (2019) · cites this paper as [64]
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Public Attitudes Toward Immigration
Hainmueller, J., & Hopkins, D. J. (2014) · Annual Review of Political Science · doi:10.1146/annurev-polisci-102512-194818 · Cited by 1,706 · see citing works
Attitudes toward Highly Skilled and Low-skilled Immigration: Evidence from a Survey Experiment
Hainmueller, J., & Hiscox, M. (2010) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055409990372 · Cited by 1,204 · see citing works
“Notice that the predictions from Empirical studies have found mixed results when testing this model (Burns and Gimpel 2000; Citrin et al. 1997; Dustmann and Preston 2006; Fetzer 2000; Gang, Rivera-Batiz, and Yun 2002; Harwood 1986), although two prominent articles have recently reported strong…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialJardina, A. E. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108645157 · Cited by 1,207 · see citing works
“It examines increased opposition to immigration at the aggregate level during economic downturns (Burns and Gimpel 2000; Espenshade and Calhoun 1993; Foner 1964; Higham 1955; Lapinski et al.”
BackgroundEducated Preferences: Explaining Attitudes Toward Immigration in Europe
Hainmueller, J., & Hiscox, M. (2007) · International Organization · doi:10.1017/s0020818307070142 · Cited by 1,164 · see citing works
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The Hidden American Immigration Consensus: A Conjoint Analysis of Attitudes toward Immigrants
Hainmueller, J., & Hopkins, D. J. (2014) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1111/ajps.12138 · Cited by 941 · see citing works
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Does Diversity Erode Social Cohesion? Social Capital and Race in British Neighbourhoods
Letki, N. (2007) · Political Studies · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9248.2007.00692.x · Cited by 538 · see citing works
“conflict along racial and class lines (Burns and Gimpel 2000; Oliver and Mandelberg 2000).”
BackgroundThe White standard: racial bias in leader categorization
Rosette, A. S., Leonardelli, G. J., & Phillips, K. W. (2008) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.93.4.758 · Cited by 494 · see citing works
“Keywords: racial bias, prototypical leadership characteristics, stereotypes, leadership categorization, diversity Substantial progress has been made by underrepresented minorities in Corporate America since the 1960s civil rights movement knocked down opaque racial barriers and championed equal…”
BackgroundMalhotra, N. A., Margalit, Y. M., & Mo, C. H. (2013) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1111/ajps.12012 · Cited by 463 · see citing works
“12 Note also that some of the studies in Table A1 report a correlation between opposition to immigration and negative views about the state of the national economy (e.g., Burns and Gimpel 2000; Citrin et al. 1997 ).”
ResultWhite backlash: immigration, race, and American politics
(2015) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.192326 · Cited by 405 · see citing works
Valentino, N. A., Brader, T. A., & Jardina, A. E. (2012) · Political Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9221.2012.00928.x · Cited by 408 · see citing works
“Burns and Gimpel (2000) maintain that the power of attitudes about Latinos increased between 1992 and 1996.”
BackgroundAre Patriots Bigots? An Inquiry into the Vices of In‐Group Pride
Figueiredo, R. J. P. D., & Elkins, Z. (2003) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1111/1540-5907.00012 · Cited by 349 · see citing works
Resources, Group Conflict and Symbols: Explaining Anti-Immigration Hostility in Britain
McLaren, L. M., & Johnson, M. (2007) · Political Studies · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9248.2007.00680.x · Cited by 304 · see citing works
The Variegated Landscape of Local Immigration Policies in the United States
Walker, K., & Leitner, H. (2011) · Urban Geography · doi:10.2747/0272-3638.32.2.156 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Different groups, different threats: public attitudes towards immigrants
Hellwig, T., & Sinno, A. (2017) · Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies · doi:10.1080/1369183x.2016.1202749 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Divine Boundaries: How Religion Shapes Citizens’ Attitudes Toward Immigrants
Leon McDaniel, E., Nooruddin, I., & Faith Shortle, A. (2011) · American Politics Research · doi:10.1177/1532673x10371300 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
“…attitudes finds that animus toward immigrants stems from a fear that the newcomers will neither recognize nor fulfill the standards of behavior accepted by those in the host nation (Burns & Gimpel, 2000; Citrin et al., 1997; de Figueiredo & Elkins, 2003; Espenshade & Calhoun, 1993; Fetzer, 2000).”
BackgroundCornelius, W. A., & Rosenblum, M. R. (2004) · Annual Review of Political Science · doi:10.1146/annurev.polisci.8.082103.104854 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
“Receptivity increases with years of education and more cosmopolitan cultural values (Fetzer 2000, Kessler 2001, Citrin & Sides 2004), personal contact with immigrants (Espenshade & Calhoun 1993), and positive anomic beliefs about migrants’ personal characteristics (Burns & Gimpel 2000).”
Warmth of the Welcome: Attitudes Toward Immigrants and Immigration Policy in the United States
Fussell, E. (2014) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev-soc-071913-043325 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Agenda Setting, Public Opinion, and the Issue of Immigration Reform
Dunaway, J., Branton, R. P., & Abrajano, M. (2010) · Social Science Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6237.2010.00697.x · Cited by 248 · see citing works
‘Some are more equal than others’: economic egalitarianism and welfare chauvinism in the Netherlands
van der Waal, J., Achterberg, P., Houtman, D., de Koster, W., & Manevska, K. (2010) · Journal of European Social Policy · doi:10.1177/0958928710374376 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
“Consequently, according to the ethnic competition theory, these lower-educated natives will adopt a negative stance towards ethnic minorities in order to protect their own, or their own group’s position (Burns and Gimpel, 2000; Esses et al., 2006).”
BackgroundEconomic and Cultural Drivers of Immigrant Support Worldwide
Valentino, N. A., Soroka, S., Iyengar, S., Aalberg, T., Duch, R. M., Fraile, M., Hahn, K. S., Hansen, K. M., Harell, A., Helbling, M., et al. (2017) · British Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1017/s000712341700031x · Cited by 246 · see citing works
“23 Abowd and Freeman 1991; Borjas and Freeman 1992; Citrin et al. 1997; Espenshade and Calhoun 1993; Foner 1964; Higham 1988[1955]; Olzak 1992; Burns and Gimpel 2000.”
BackgroundThreatened by diversity: Why restrictive asylum and immigration policies appeal to western Europeans
Ivarsflaten, E. (2005) · Journal of Elections Public Opinion and Parties · doi:10.1080/13689880500064577 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
“Finally, racism is found time and time again to be an important factor influencing people’s policy preferences in the area of asylum and immigration policy (Burns & Gimpel, 2000).”
BackgroundThe Influence of Social Desirability Pressures on Expressed Immigration Attitudes*
Janus, A. L. (2010) · Social Science Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6237.2010.00742.x · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Do concerns about labor market competition shape attitudes toward immigration? New evidence
Hainmueller, J., Hiscox, M., & Margalit, Y. M. (2015) · Journal of International Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jinteco.2014.12.010 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Evans-Lacko, S. E., Knapp, M. R. J., McCrone, P., Thornicroft, G., & Mojtabai, R. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0069792 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
“, ethnic minorities or immigrant groups) which often increase during an economic recession [13] are one possible factor influencing this trend.”
BackgroundThe Consequences of Multiracial Contexts on Public Attitudes toward Immigration
Ha, S. E. (2008) · Political Research Quarterly · doi:10.1177/1065912908325255 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Immigration, Latinos, and White Partisan Politics: The New Democratic Defection
Hajnal, Z. L., & Rivera, M. U. (2014) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1111/ajps.12101 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Social Trust, Social Capital and Perceptions of Immigration
Herreros, F., & Criado, H. (2008) · Political Studies · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9248.2008.00738.x · Cited by 200 · see citing works
“The usual expectation in the literature is that unemployed people will tend to see immigrants as competitors for scarce jobs and, therefore, will display more negative attitudes towards immigration (Burns and Gimpel, 2000, p. 202; McLaren, 2003, p. 915).”
BackgroundMerolla, J. L., Ramakrishnan, S. K., & Haynes, C. (2013) · Perspectives on Politics · doi:10.1017/s1537592713002077 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Relative Deprivation and Relative Wealth Enhances Anti-Immigrant Sentiments: The V-Curve Re-Examined
Jetten, J., Mols, F., & Postmes, T. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0139156 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
“This is because realistic conflict and competition over scarce resources is experienced most strongly in such an economic climate [1], and among those with a lower economic position in society [2–7].”
BackgroundForeign Language Exposure, Cultural Threat, and Opposition to Immigration
Newman, B. J., Hartman, T. K., & Taber, C. S. (2012) · Political Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9221.2012.00904.x · Cited by 194 · see citing works
“…perceptual variables (e.g., subjective economic evaluations and perceived economic and cultural threats, etc.) on immigration policy attitudes (Burns & Gimpel, 2000; Citrin et al., 1990; Espenshade & Hempstead, 1996; Esses, Jackson, & Armstrong, 1998; Sniderman et al., 2004; Stephan et al.,…”
InfluentialCutts, D., Ford, R., & Goodwin, M. (2010) · European Journal of Political Research · doi:10.1111/j.1475-6765.2010.01936.x · Cited by 176 · see citing works
The Impact of Economic and Cultural Cues on Support for Immigration in Canada and the United States
Harell, A., Soroka, S., Iyengar, S., & Valentino, N. A. (2012) · Canadian Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1017/s0008423912000698 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
“…are often seen as culturally, ethnically and racially distinct, and so it should be no surprise that measures of ethnocentrism and racism are important predictors of immigration attitudes ~Berry et al., 1977; Burns and Gimpel, 2000; Jackson et al., 2001; Kinder and Kam, 2009; Pettigrew, 1998!.”
BackgroundCore Networks and Whites’ Attitudes Toward Immigrants and Immigration Policy
Berg, J. A. (2009) · Public Opinion Quarterly · doi:10.1093/poq/nfp011 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Gorski, P. C. (2012) · Equity & Excellence in Education · doi:10.1080/10665684.2012.666934 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
“…are important, not only because of their interpersonal implications but also because stereotypes, in the way they inform how individuals process information, affect perceptions about the viability, fairness, and effectiveness (or potential effectiveness) of public policy (Burns & Gimpel, 2000).”
BackgroundWhat determines attitudes to immigration in European countries? An analysis at the regional level
Markaki, Y., & Longhi, S. (2013) · Migration Studies · doi:10.1093/migration/mnt015 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
“When age exerts significant influence, it is always positively correlated to prejudices and anti-immigration attitudes (Hempstead and Espenshade 1996; Burns and Gimpel 2000; Pichler 2010).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialRural Residence as a Determinant of Attitudes Toward US Immigration Policy
Fennelly, K., & Federico, C. M. (2008) · International Migration · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2435.2008.00440.x · Cited by 164 · see citing works
The Ideological Effects of Framing Threat on Immigration and Civil Liberties
Lahav, G., & Courtemanche, M. (2011) · Political Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11109-011-9171-z · Cited by 159 · see citing works
“Within the American literature, immigration has been largely conceptualized as an issue of either economic or cultural threat (Burns and Gimpel 2000; Citrin et al. 1997; Espenshade and Hempstead 1996; Scheve and Slaughter 2001; Chandler and Tsai 2001).”
BackgroundGreen, E. G. T. (2008) · Group Processes & Intergroup Relations · doi:10.1177/1368430208098776 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
“Insofar as public opinion exerts pressure on new immigration policies (e.g. Burns & Gimpel, 2000; De Vreese & Boomgaarden, 2005), the investigation of European citizens’ attitudes towards admission criteria for immigrants is critical.”
BackgroundAll Along the Watchtower: Acculturation Fear, Anti-Latino Affect, and Immigration
Branton, R. P., Cassese, E. C., Jones, B., & Westerland, C. (2011) · The Journal of Politics · doi:10.1017/s0022381611000375 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Do Attitudes about Immigration Predict Willingness to Admit Individual Immigrants?
Iyengar, S., Jackman, S. D., Messing, S., Valentino, N. A., Aalberg, T., Duch, R. M., Hahn, K. S., Soroka, S., Harell, A., & Kobayashi, T. (2013) · Public Opinion Quarterly · doi:10.1093/poq/nft024 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
“…likely that they are perceived as threats to the dominant culture of the nation, leading individuals to favor more stringent immigration policies (Burns and Gimpel 2000; Alba and Nee 2003; sides and Citrin 2007). the theoretical contribution of this paper is to demonstrate that the economic and…”
Labor-market exposure as a determinant of attitudes toward immigration
Ortega, F., & Polavieja, J. G. (2012) · Labour Economics · doi:10.1016/j.labeco.2012.02.004 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
“2 See Jackman and Muha (1984), Bobo and Licari (1989), Burns and Gimpel (2000), Kingston et al. (2003), Hainmueller and Hiscox (2007), Côté and Erickson (2009), among several others.”
Fitzgerald, J., Curtis, K. A., & Corliss, C. L. (2011) · Comparative Political Studies · doi:10.1177/0010414011421768 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
The Hidden American Immigration Consensus: A Conjoint Analysis of Attitudes Toward ImmigrantsPreprint
Hainmueller, J., & Hopkins, D. J. (2012) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2106116 · Cited by 753 · see citing works
White Public Opinion toward Undocumented Immigrants: Threat and Interpersonal Environment
Berg, J. A. (2009) · Sociological Perspectives · doi:10.1525/sop.2009.52.1.39 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Is Immigration a Racial Issue? Anglo Attitudes on Immigration Policies in a Border County *
Ayers, J. W., Hofstetter, C. R., Schnakenberg, K., & Kolody, B. (2009) · Social Science Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6237.2009.00633.x · Cited by 154 · see citing works
One Ukraine or Many? Regionalism in Ukraine and Its Political Consequences
Barrington, L. W., & Herron, E. S. (2004) · Nationalities Papers · doi:10.1080/0090599042000186179 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Comparing Immigration Policies: An Overview from the IMPALA Database
Beine, M. A. R., Boucher, A., Burgoon, B. M., Crock, M. E., Gest, J., Hiscox, M., McGovern, P., Hillel Rapoport, C., Schaper, J., & Thielemann, E. R. (2015) · International Migration Review · doi:10.1111/imre.12169 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
“…differences or perceived threats to traditional culture and values, and a decline of “social capital” and trust, that may generate demands for more restrictive immigration policies (Burns and Gimpel 2000; Fetzer 2000; Chandler and Tsai 2001; Huntington 2004; Dustmann and Preston 2007; Putnam 2007).”
BackgroundPublic Opinion in the EU on Immigration from Outside the Community*
Kessler, A. E., & Freeman, G. P. (2005) · JCMS Journal of Common Market Studies · doi:10.1111/j.1468-5965.2005.00598.x · Cited by 149 · see citing works
The Upside of Accents: Language, Inter-group Difference, and Attitudes toward Immigration
Hopkins, D. J. (2014) · British Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1017/s0007123413000483 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
The Big Five Personality Traits and Attitudes towards Immigrants
Gallego, A., & Pardos-Prado, S. (2014) · Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies · doi:10.1080/1369183x.2013.826131 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
“According to realistic conflict theory, some groups, such as highly educated people, are less likely to be in direct labour market competition with immigrants and thus should not feel particularly threatened by them economically (Burns and Gimpel 2000).”
BackgroundIs Sexism for White People? Gender Stereotypes, Race, and the 2016 Presidential Election
Bracic, A., Israel‐Trummel, M., & Shortle, A. F. (2018) · Political Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11109-018-9446-8 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
“While hierarchy-affirming stereotypes can be internalized by all groups, dominant groups tend to adhere to them most closely (Burns and Gimpel 2000; Cuddy et al. 2007; Fiske 1993, 2011; Jost and Banaji 1994; Pickett and Brewer 2001; Segura and Valenzuela 2010).”
BackgroundEcological and cultural factors underlying the global distribution of prejudice
Jackson, J. C., van Egmond, M., Choi, V. K., Ember, C. R., Halberstadt, J., Balanovic, J., Basker, I. N., Boehnke, K., Buki, N., Fischer, R., et al. (2019) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0221953 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
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Immigrants and African Americans
Waters, M. C., Kasinitz, P., & Asad, A. L. (2014) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev-soc-071811-145449 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Are Patriots Bigots? An Inquiry into the Vices of In-Group Pride
de Figueiredo, R. J. P., & Elkins, Z. (2003) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.2307/3186100 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Nelsen, B. F., Guth, J. L., & Fraser, C. R. (2001) · European Union Politics · doi:10.1177/1465116501002002003 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
The effect of perceived cultural and material threats on ethnic preferences in immigration attitudes
Bloom, P. B., Arıkan, G., & Lahav, G. (2015) · Ethnic and Racial Studies · doi:10.1080/01419870.2015.1015581 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
“As a result, the differential effects of the two threat dimensions are masked when pooled, typically yielding an overall greater effect for the latter in most analyses (Burns and Gimpel 2000; McLaren and Johnson 2007; Hainmueller and Hiscox 2010).”
BackgroundHartman, T. K., Newman, B. J., & Bell, C. S. (2013) · Political Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11109-013-9231-7 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
“’’(5) Indeed, the claim that opposition to immigration is fueled by prejudice toward Hispanics is supported by opinion research demonstrating that negative stereotypes and affect toward Hispanics serve as significant predictors of support for restrictive immigration policies among the American public (Burns and Gimpel…”
BackgroundIngram, P. (2023) · University Press of Mississippi eBooks · doi:10.2307/jj.4256584.5 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Easing the Heavy Hand: Humanitarian Concern, Empathy, and Opinion on Immigration
Newman, B. J., Hartman, T. K., Lown, P. L., & Feldman, S. (2013) · British Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1017/s0007123413000410 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Hjerm, M., & Nagayoshi, K. (2011) · International Sociology · doi:10.1177/0268580910394004 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
“Moreover, anti-immigrant sentiments rise during economic downturns (Olzak, 1992) and are also dependent on the respondents’ perception of national economics (Burns and Gimpel, 2000).”
BackgroundHalikiopoulou, D., & Vlandas, T. (2020) · European Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s175577392000020x · Cited by 130 · see citing works
“Indeed more recent scholarship stresses that the culture vs. economy debate is a false dichotomy (e.g. Gidron and Hall, 2017; Adler and Ansell, 2020), and that both dimensions matter, often shaping each other (Burns and Gimpel, 2000).”
BackgroundYbarra, V. D., Sanchez, L. M., & Sánchez, G. R. (2015) · State Politics & Policy Quarterly · doi:10.1177/1532440015605815 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Individual Attitudes Towards Skilled Migration: An Empirical Analysis Across Countries
Facchini, G., & Mayda, A. M. (2012) · World Economy · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9701.2011.01427.x · Cited by 127 · see citing works
“factors (Hainmueller and Hiscox 2007; Citrin, Green, Muste, and Wong 1997; Burns and Gimpel 2000).”
Lancee, B., & Pardos-Prado, S. (2013) · International Migration Review · doi:10.1111/imre.12015 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
“Group conflict theory is ubiquitous in the still growing literature on antiimmigrant attitudes (Burns and Gimpel, 2000; Kellstedt, 2000; Lubbers, Gijsberts, and Scheepers, 2002; Hayes and Dowds, 2006; Paxton and Mughan, 2006; Semyonov, Raijman, and Gorodzeisky, 2006; Kehrberg, 2007; Coenders and…”
BackgroundInfluentialEPA guidance on mental health and economic crises in Europe
Martı́n-Carrasco, M., Evans-Lacko, S. E., Dom, G., Christodoulou, G. N., Samochowiec, J., González–Fraile, E., Bieńkowski, P., Gómez-Beneyto, M., Santos, M. J. H. D., & Wasserman, D. (2016) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-016-0681-x · Cited by 124 · see citing works
The typification of Hispanics as criminals and support for punitive crime control policies
Welch, K., Payne, A. A., Chiricos, T., & Gertz, M. (2010) · Social Science Research · doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2010.09.012 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
What's to Fear from Immigrants? Creating an Assimilationist Threat Scale
Paxton, P. M., & Mughan, A. (2006) · Political Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9221.2006.00520.x · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Ideology, Not Affect: What Americans Want from Political Representation
Costa, M. (2021) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1111/ajps.12571 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Exposure to Immigration and Admission Preferences: Evidence From France
Clayton, K., Ferwerda, J., & Horiuchi, Y. (2018) · Political Behavior · doi:10.1007/s11109-019-09550-z · Cited by 117 · see citing works
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“Similar results are routinely uncovered in U.S. studies ~e.g., Burns and Gimpel, 2000, p. 219; Fetzer 2000a, p. 13; Ha 2007!. Fetzer ~2000b, p. 98! found education to be a major negative predictor of both anti-immigrant and anti-immigration views.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialBad Samaritans: Religion and Anti‐Immigrant and Anti‐Muslim Sentiment in the United States*
Sherkat, D. E., & Lehman, D. (2018) · Social Science Quarterly · doi:10.1111/ssqu.12535 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Rueda, D., & Stegmueller, D. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108681339 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Refugees, xenophobia, and domestic conflict
Getmansky, A., Sınmazdemir, T., & Zeitzoff, T. (2018) · Journal of Peace Research · doi:10.1177/0022343317748719 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
What Does a Nation Owe Non-Citizens?
Raijman, R., Davidov, E., Schmidt, P., & Hochman, O. (2008) · International Journal of Comparative Sociology · doi:10.1177/0020715208088912 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
“For example, Burns and Gimpel (2000) argued that labor market competition resulting from a generous immigration policy can also result in deep hostility toward immigrants as they are perceived as competitors in the social and economic spheres.”
BackgroundCovering the crisis: Media coverage of the economic crisis and citizens’ economic expectations
Boomgaarden, H. G., van Spanje, J., Vliegenthart, R., & de Vreese, C. H. (2011) · Acta Politica · doi:10.1057/ap.2011.18 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
“…(for example, Van Raaij, 1989), their voting behaviour (Lewis-Beck, 1988; Duch, 2007), their support for European integration (Gabel, 1998; De Vreese and Boomgaarden, 2005) or immigration and welfare policy support (for example, Kluegel and Smith, 1986; Burns and Gimpel, 2000; Mayda, 2006).”
BackgroundAll Politics Is Local? County Sheriffs and Localized Policies of Immigration Enforcement
Farris, E. M., & Holman, M. R. (2016) · Political Research Quarterly · doi:10.1177/1065912916680035 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Group Size versus Change? Assessing Americans’ Perception of Local Immigration
Newman, B. J., & Velez, Y. R. (2014) · Political Research Quarterly · doi:10.1177/1065912913517303 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Lewis, P. G., Provine, D. M., Varsanyi, M. W., et al. (2012) · Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory · doi:10.1093/jopart/mus045 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Unspoken Politics: Implicit Attitudes and Political Thinking
Pérez, E. O. (2016) · Cited by 99 · see citing works
van Spanje, J. (2011) · European Journal of Political Research · doi:10.1111/j.1475-6765.2010.01984.x · Cited by 98 · see citing works
The Backyard Politics of Attitudes Toward Immigration
Ostfeld, M. C. (2015) · Political Psychology · doi:10.1111/pops.12314 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
“Consistent with this, many surveys show that there is generally less support for immigration from those who look different from a majority of White Americans, that is, those with darker skin and less European features (Brader, Valentino, & Suhay, 2008; Burns & Gimpel, 2000; Citrin & Green, 1997).”
ResultOn the Social Foundations for Crimmigration: Latino Threat and Support for Expanded Police Powers
Pickett, J. T. (2015) · Journal of Quantitative Criminology · doi:10.1007/s10940-015-9256-7 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
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“Similarly, scholars have documented the myriad ways that racial animus shapes public support for restrictive immigration policies (Burns and Gimpel, 2000; Kinder and Kam, 2009).”
BackgroundTesting a New Theoretical Model for Attitudes Toward Immigrants
Tartakovsky, E., & Walsh, S. D. (2015) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022115613860 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
“…immigration policy focuses on the views of the local people regarding rules of admission, naturalization, and allocation of rights to immigrants (Burns & Gimpel, 2000; Gorodzeisky, 2013; Gorodzeisky & Semyonov, 2009; Levanon & Lewin-Epstein, 2010; O’Rourke & Sinnott, 2006; Raijman, 2013;…”
BackgroundImmigration Enforcement and the Redistribution of Political Trust
Rocha, R. R., Knoll, B. R., & Wrinkle, R. D. (2015) · The Journal of Politics · doi:10.1086/681810 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
The geography of anti-immigrant attitudes across Europe, 2002–2014
Czaika, M., & Lillo, A. D. (2018) · Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies · doi:10.1080/1369183x.2018.1427564 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
“…creation of cosmopolitan social networks, promoting higher levels of racial tolerance, and favouring more critical habits of thought (Case, Greeley, and Fuchs 1989; Espenshade and Calhoun 1993; Citrin et al. 1997; Burns and Gimpel 2000; Chandler and Tsai 2001; Hainmueller and Hiscox 2007, 2010).”
BackgroundDid the Murder of Theo van Gogh Change Europeans' Immigration Policy Preferences?
Finseraas, H., Jakobsson, N., & Kotsadam, A. (2011) · Kyklos · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6435.2011.00512.x · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Contested boundaries: consensus and dissensus in European attitudes to immigration
Heath, A., & Richards, L. (2019) · Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies · doi:10.1080/1369183x.2018.1550146 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
“In addition to these differences between countries, within countries there are major differences between individuals, and these differences may interact with macro-level factors such as economic conditions (Burns and Gimpel 2000).”
BackgroundExplaining time trends in public opinion: Attitudes towards immigration and immigrants
Wilkes, R., & Corrigall-Brown, C. (2011) · International Journal of Comparative Sociology · doi:10.1177/0020715210379460 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
“Nativity also matters, since immigration is seen by some as directly threatening the dominant position of the native-born (Bonacich, 1972; Burns and Gimpel, 2000).”
BackgroundSlanted Newspaper Coverage of Immigration: The Importance of Economics and Geography
Branton, R. P., & Dunaway, J. (2009) · Policy Studies Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1541-0072.2009.00313.x · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Oyamot, C. M., Fisher, E. L., Deason, G. M., et al. (2011) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2011.08.003 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Polavieja, J. G. (2016) · Socio-Economic Review · doi:10.1093/ser/mww002 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
“…should have a rational interest in limiting immigration because an increase in the supply of immigrant workers is likely to lower their wages and/or to increase job insecurity (see also Burns and Gimpel, 2000; Scheve and Slaughter, 2001; Ortega and Polavieja, 2012; Lancee and Pardos-Prado, 2013).”
BackgroundDoes Islam play a role in anti-immigrant sentiment? An experimental approach
Creighton, M. J., & Jamal, A. (2015) · Social Science Research · doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2015.04.001 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
“…theory4), suggests that opposition to outgroups emerges from actual group-level conflicts and competition over goals and resources (Jackson, 1993).5 Tension could be derived from competition between immigrants and non-immigrants (Burns and Gimpel, 2000; Mayda, 2006; Hainmueller and Hiscox, 2010).”
BackgroundBerg, J. A. (2010) · Sociological Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1533-8525.2010.01172.x · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Self-Interest, Beliefs, and Policy Opinions
Gerber, A. S., Huber, G. A., Biggers, D. R., & Hendry, D. J. (2017) · Political Research Quarterly · doi:10.1177/1065912916684032 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Divided Loyalties? Understanding Variation in Latino Attitudes Toward Immigration*
Rouse, S. M., Wilkinson, B. C., & Garand, J. C. (2010) · Social Science Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6237.2010.00723.x · Cited by 80 · see citing works
- Authors
- Burns, P., & Gimpel, J. G.
- Affiliations
- Trinity College (US)
- University of Maryland, College Park (US)
- ORCID
- Gimpel, James G.
- Venue
- Political Science Quarterly
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2000
- Volume
- 115
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 201-225
- ISSN
- 0032-3195 (ISSN-L)
- 1538-165X
- OpenAlex
- W2087408914
- Cited by
- 746
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 37 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 83 · 2019: 68 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 44 · 2014: 45 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 8.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- Political Science Quarterly (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Migration, Refugees, and Integration
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Electoral Systems and Political Participation
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Populism, Right-Wing Movements
- Keywords
- economic insecurity, immigration policy, public opinion, immigration attitudes, racial stereotypes, political attitudes toward immigrants
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