Cited by 1,575Reliability and Agreement in MeasurementPsychometric Methodologies and TestingSurvey Methodology and Nonresponse

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 42 of the 42 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Reliability of Nominal Data Based on Qualitative Judgments

Perreault, William D., Leigh, Laurence E.·1989·Journal of Marketing Research

DOI 10.2307/3172601

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Most research related to the reliability and validity of marketing measures has focused on multi-item quantitative scales. In contrast, little attention has been given to the quality of nominal scale data developed from qualitative judgments. Judgment-based (“coded”) nominal scale data are important and frequently used in marketing research-for example, in analysis of consumer responses to open-ended survey questions, in cognitive response research, in meta-analysis, and in content analysis. The authors address opportunities and challenges involved in evaluating and improving the quality of judgment-based nominal scale data, with specific emphasis on the use of multiple judges. They review approaches commonly used in other disciplines, then develop a new index of reliability that is more appropriate for the type of interjudge data typically found in marketing studies. Data from a cognitive response experiment are used to illustrate the new index and compare it with other common measures. The authors conclude with suggestions on how to improve the design of studies that rely on judgment-coded data.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2307/3172601

Cites

42 of 42 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The Measurement of Observer Agreement for Categorical Data
Landis, J. R., & Koch, G. G. (1977) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2529310 · Cited by 81,148
A Coefficient of Agreement for Nominal Scales
Cohen, J. (1960) · Educational and Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/001316446002000104 · Cited by 42,398
A Paradigm for Developing Better Measures of Marketing Constructs
Churchill, G. A. (1979) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1177/002224377901600110 · Cited by 16,549
Weighted kappa: nominal scale agreement provision for scaled disagreement or partial credit
Cohen, J. (1968) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0026256 · Cited by 8,736
Measuring nominal scale agreement among many raters.
Fleiss, J. L. (1971) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0031619 · Cited by 8,733
Reliability of Content Analysis: The Case of Nominal Scale Coding
Scott, W. A. (1955) · Public Opinion Quarterly · doi:10.1086/266577 · Cited by 1,853
Coefficient Kappa: Some Uses, Misuses, and Alternatives
Brennan, R. L., & Prediger, D. J. (1981) · Educational and Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/001316448104100307 · Cited by 1,676
Reliability: A Review of Psychometric Basics and Recent Marketing Practices
Peter, J. P. (1979) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3150868 · Cited by 1,577
Large sample standard errors of kappa and weighted kappa.
Fleiss, J. L., Cohen, J., & Everitt, B. S. (1969) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0028106 · Cited by 1,536
Effects of Prior Knowledge and Experience and Phase of the Choice Process on Consumer Decision Processes: A Protocol Analysis
Bettman, J. R., & Park, C. W. (1980) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/208812 · Cited by 1,344

Show all 42 references

Sorted by citations

Answering the Call for a Standard Reliability Measure for Coding Data
Hayes, A. F., & Krippendorff, K. (2007) · Communication Methods and Measures · doi:10.1080/19312450709336664 · Cited by 4,225
Content Analysis in Mass Communication: Assessment and Reporting of Intercoder Reliability
Lombard, M., Snyder-Duch, J., & Bracken, C. C. (2002) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2958.2002.tb00826.x · Cited by 3,068
A Meta-Analysis of Cronbach's Coefficient Alpha
Peterson, R. A. (1994) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/209405 · Cited by 3,028
Self-Service Technologies: Understanding Customer Satisfaction with Technology-Based Service Encounters
Meuter, M. L., Ostrom, A. L., Roundtree, R. I., & Bitner, M. J. (2000) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1509/jmkg.64.3.50.18024 · Cited by 3,035
Validation Guidelines for IS Positivist Research
Straub, D., & Gefen, D. (2004) · Communications of the Association for Information Systems · doi:10.17705/1cais.01324 · Cited by 2,797
CROWDSOURCING A WORD–EMOTION ASSOCIATION LEXICON
Mohammad, S. M., & Turney, P. D. (2012) · Computational Intelligence · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8640.2012.00460.x · Cited by 2,901
Market Orientation: A Meta-Analytic Review and Assessment of its Antecedents and Impact on Performance
Kirca, A. H., Jayachandran, S., & Bearden, W. O. (2005) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1509/jmkg.69.2.24.60761 · Cited by 2,182
Critical Service Encounters: The Employee's Viewpoint
Bitner, M. J., Booms, B. H., & Mohr, L. A. (1994) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.2307/1251919 · Cited by 1,867
The Effects of Strategic Orientations on Technology- and Market-Based Breakthrough Innovations
Zhou, K. Z., Yim, C. K., & Tse, D. K. (2005) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1509/jmkg.69.2.42.60756 · Cited by 1,785
The Personal Involvement Inventory: Reduction, Revision, and Application to Advertising
Zaichkowsky, J. L. (1994) · Journal of Advertising · doi:10.1080/00913367.1943.10673459 · Cited by 1,737
Rethinking validity and reliability in content analysis
Potter, W. J., & Levine‐Donnerstein, D. (1999) · Journal of Applied Communication Research · doi:10.1080/00909889909365539 · Cited by 1,662
Word of mouth communication within online communities: conceptualizing the online social network
Brown, J., Broderick, A. J., & Lee, N. (2007) · Journal of Interactive Marketing · doi:10.1002/dir.20082 · Cited by 1,661
Sustainable supply chain management: evolution and future directions
Carter, C. R., & EASTON, P. L. (2011) · International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management · doi:10.1108/09600031111101420 · Cited by 1,672
Content-Analysis Research: An Examination of Applications with Directives for Improving Research Reliability and Objectivity
Kolbe, R. H., & Burnett, M. S. (1991) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/209256 · Cited by 1,516
Exploring the reliability of social and environmental disclosures content analysis
Milne, M. J., & Adler, R. W. (1999) · Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal · doi:10.1108/09513579910270138 · Cited by 1,425
Brand Equity, Brand Preference, and Purchase Intent
Cobb‐Walgren, C. J., Ruble, C. A., & Donthu, N. (1995) · Journal of Advertising · doi:10.1080/00913367.1995.10673481 · Cited by 1,357
What are we doing here? Analyzing fifteen years of energy scholarship and proposing a social science research agenda
Sovacool, B. K. (2014) · Energy Research & Social Science · doi:10.1016/j.erss.2014.02.003 · Cited by 1,385
Democracy online: civility, politeness, and the democratic potential of online political discussion groups
Papacharissi, Z. (2004) · New Media & Society · doi:10.1177/1461444804041444 · Cited by 1,158
Health Care Customer Value Cocreation Practice Styles
McColl‐Kennedy, J. R., Vargo, S. L., Dagger, T. S., Sweeney, J., & van Kasteren, Y. (2012) · Journal of Service Research · doi:10.1177/1094670512442806 · Cited by 1,183
Learning from competing partners: outcomes and durations of scale and link alliances in Europe, North America and Asia
Dussauge, P., Garrette, B., & Mitchell, W. (2000) · Strategic Management Journal · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0266(200002)21:2 · Cited by 932
The Critical Incident Technique in Service Research
Gremler, D. D. (2004) · Journal of Service Research · doi:10.1177/1094670504266138 · Cited by 1,078
How Does Brand-related User-generated Content Differ across YouTube, Facebook, and Twitter?
Smith, A. N., Fischer, E., & Yongjian, C. (2012) · Journal of Interactive Marketing · doi:10.1016/j.intmar.2012.01.002 · Cited by 1,044
Reliability in content analysis: some common misconceptions and recommendations.
Krippendorff, K. (2004) · Human Communication Research · doi:10.1093/hcr/30.3.411 · Cited by 1,027
Hybrid Offerings: How Manufacturing Firms Combine Goods and Services Successfully
Ulaga, W., & Reinartz, W. (2011) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1509/jm.09.0395 · Cited by 1,084
The antecedents of supply chain agility of a firm: Scale development and model testing
Swafford, P. M., Ghosh, S., & Murthy, N. N. (2005) · Journal of Operations Management · doi:10.1016/j.jom.2005.05.002 · Cited by 1,048
Reliability Measures for Qualitative Data: Theory and Implications
Rust, R. T., & Cooil, B. (1994) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1177/002224379403100101 · Cited by 978
The nature and role of feedback text comments in online marketplaces: implications for trust building, price premiums, and seller differentiation
Pavlou, P. A., & Dimoka, A. (2006) · Information Systems Research · doi:10.1287/isre.1060.0106 · Cited by 930
Virtual Community Attraction: Why People Hang Out Online
Ridings, C. M., & Gefen, D. (2006) · Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication · doi:10.1111/j.1083-6101.2004.tb00229.x · Cited by 921
RETROSPECTIVE REPORTS IN ORGANIZATIONAL RESEARCH: A REEXAMINATION OF RECENT EVIDENCE.
MILLER, C. C., Cardinal, L. B., & Glick, W. H. (1997) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/257026 · Cited by 892
A typology of retail failures and recoveries
Kelley, S. W., Hoffman, K. D., & Davis, M. A. (1993) · Journal of Retailing · doi:10.1016/0022-4359(93)90016-c · Cited by 883
Consumer motivations in the purchase of organic food
Zanoli, R., & Naspetti, S. (2002) · British Food Journal · doi:10.1108/00070700210425930 · Cited by 780
A Hierarchical Model of Health Service Quality
Dagger, T. S., Sweeney, J., & Johnson, L. W. (2007) · Journal of Service Research · doi:10.1177/1094670507309594 · Cited by 817
THE ROLE OF COMPETITIVE ACTION IN MARKET SHARE EROSION AND INDUSTRY DETHRONEMENT: A STUDY OF INDUSTRY LEADERS AND CHALLENGERS.
Ferrier, W. J., Smith, K. G., & Grimm, C. M. (1999) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/257009 · Cited by 773
A meta-analysis of the relationship between perceived organizational support and job outcomes: 20 years of research
Riggle, R. J., Edmondson, D. R., & Hansen, J. D. (2008) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2008.05.003 · Cited by 773
Green marketing strategies: an examination of stakeholders and the opportunities they present
Cronin, J. J., Smith, J. S., Gleim, M. R., Ramirez, E., & Martinez, J. (2010) · Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science · doi:10.1007/s11747-010-0227-0 · Cited by 821
NAVIGATING THE COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE: THE DRIVERS AND CONSEQUENCES OF COMPETITIVE AGGRESSIVENESS.
Ferrier, W. J. (2001) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/3069419 · Cited by 754
Interactivity reexamined: A baseline analysis of early business web sites
Ha, L., & James, E. L. (1998) · Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media · doi:10.1080/08838159809364462 · Cited by 646
Drivers of sales performance: a contemporary meta-analysis. Have salespeople become knowledge brokers?
Verbeke, W., Dietz, B., & Verwaal, E. (2010) · Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science · doi:10.1007/s11747-010-0211-8 · Cited by 677
Overrepresentation and Underrepresentation of African Americans and Latinos as Lawbreakers on Television News
Dixon, T. L., & Linz, D. G. (2000) · Journal of Communication · doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2000.tb02845.x · Cited by 638
Measuring business model innovation: conceptualization, scale development, and proof of performance
Clauß, T. (2016) · R and D Management · doi:10.1111/radm.12186 · Cited by 709
The role of employee effort in satisfaction with service transactions
Mohr, L. A., & Bitner, M. J. (1995) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/0148-2963(94)00049-k · Cited by 614
The structure and evolution of the strategic management field: A content analysis of 26 years of strategic management research
Furrer, O., Thomas, H., & Goussevskaia, A. (2007) · International Journal of Management Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2370.2007.00217.x · Cited by 643
A Content Analysis of Environmental Advertising Claims: A Matrix Method Approach
Carlson, L., Grove, S. J., & Kangun, N. (1993) · Journal of Advertising · doi:10.1080/00913367.1993.10673409 · Cited by 602
An exploration of consumer resistance to innovation and its antecedents
Kleijnen, M. H. P., Lee, N. J., & Wetzels, M. G. M. (2009) · Journal of Economic Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.joep.2009.02.004 · Cited by 579
On Product Uncertainty in Online Markets: Theory and Evidence1
Dimoka, A., Hong, Y., & Pavlou, P. A. (2012) · MIS Quarterly · doi:10.2307/41703461 · Cited by 682
Sustainability in multi-tier supply chains: understanding the double agency role of the first-tier supplier
Wilhelm, M. M., Blome, C., Bhakoo, V., & Paulraj, A. (2016) · Journal of Operations Management · doi:10.1016/j.jom.2015.11.001 · Cited by 539
Organizing for digital servitization: A service ecosystem perspective
Sklyar, A., Kowalkowski, C., Tronvoll, B., & Sörhammar, D. (2019) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.02.012 · Cited by 614
Strengthening Customer Loyalty through Intimacy and Passion: Roles of Customer–Firm Affection and Customer–Staff Relationships in Services
Yim, C. K. (., Tse, D. K., & Chan, K. W. (2008) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1509/jmkr.45.6.741 · Cited by 583
Customer engagement in service
Kumar, V., Rajan, B., Gupta, S., & Pozza, I. D. (2017) · Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science · doi:10.1007/s11747-017-0565-2 · Cited by 609
Product and Promotion Adaptation in Export Ventures: An Empirical Investigation
Cavusgil, S. T., Zou, S., & Naidu, G. M. (1993) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490242 · Cited by 536
Online service quality dimensions and their relationships with satisfaction
Yang, Z., & Fang, X. (2004) · International Journal of Service Industry Management · doi:10.1108/09564230410540953 · Cited by 545
Anger, frustration, and helplessness after service failure: coping strategies and effective informational support
Gelbrich, K. (2009) · Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science · doi:10.1007/s11747-009-0169-6 · Cited by 531
Balancing and Rebalancing in the Creation and Evolution of Organizational Control
Cardinal, L. B., Sitkin, S. B., & Long, C. P. (2004) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.1040.0084 · Cited by 528
The effect of an ambidextrous supply chain strategy on combinative competitive capabilities and business performance
Kristal, M. M., Huang, X., & Roth, A. V. (2010) · Journal of Operations Management · doi:10.1016/j.jom.2009.12.002 · Cited by 496
Shades of Green: A Multidimensional Analysis of Environmental Advertising
Banerjee, S. B., Gulas, C. S., & Iyer, E. S. (1995) · Journal of Advertising · doi:10.1080/00913367.1995.10673473 · Cited by 495
A Meta-Analysis of Organizational Complaint Handling and Customer Responses
Gelbrich, K., & Roschk, H. (2011) · Journal of Service Research · doi:10.1177/1094670510387914 · Cited by 481
Word‐of‐mouth communication in the service marketplace
Mangold, W. G., Miller, F. L., & Brockway, G. R. (1999) · Journal of Services Marketing · doi:10.1108/08876049910256186 · Cited by 493
Service Failure in Online Retailing
Holloway, B. B., & Beatty, S. E. (2003) · Journal of Service Research · doi:10.1177/1094670503254288 · Cited by 494
Getting Liberals and Conservatives to Go Green: Political Ideology and Congruent Appeals
Kidwell, B., Farmer, A., & Hardesty, D. M. (2013) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/670610 · Cited by 504
Agreement and Information in the Reliability of Coding
Krippendorff, K. (2011) · Communication Methods and Measures · doi:10.1080/19312458.2011.568376 · Cited by 451
Customer Value Assessment in Business Markets:
Anderson, J. C., Jain, D. C., & Chintagunta, P. K. (1992) · Journal of Business-to-Business Marketing · doi:10.1300/j033v01n01_02 · Cited by 445
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Competence Constructs: Two‐Stage Multi‐Item Scale Development and Validation*
Stratman, J. K., & Roth, A. V. (2002) · Decision Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1540-5915.2002.tb01658.x · Cited by 418
Knowledge as a Contingency Variable: Do the Characteristics of Knowledge Predict Organization Structure?
Birkinshaw, J., Nobel, R., & Ridderstråle, J. (2002) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.13.3.274.2778 · Cited by 422
Reasons for Substantial Delay in Consumer Decision Making
Greenleaf, E. A., & Lehmann, D. R. (1995) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-88067-4_10 · Cited by 410
Rapport-Building Behaviors Used by Retail Employees
Gremler, D. D., & Gwinner, K. P. (2008) · Journal of Retailing · doi:10.1016/j.jretai.2008.07.001 · Cited by 423
New service development competence in retail banking: Construct development and measurement validation
Menor, L. J., & Roth, A. V. (2006) · Journal of Operations Management · doi:10.1016/j.jom.2006.07.004 · Cited by 420
What causes a management article to be cited? Article, author or journal?
Judge, T. A., Cable, D. M., Colbert, A. E., & Rynes, S. L. (2007) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2007.25525577 · Cited by 402
A Measure of Long-Term Orientation: Development and Validation
Bearden, W. O. (2006) · Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science · doi:10.1177/0092070306286706 · Cited by 391
Changing the Competitive Landscape: Continuous Innovation Through IT-Enabled Knowledge Capabilities
Joshi, K. D., Chi, L., Datta, A., & Han, S. (2010) · Information Systems Research · doi:10.1287/isre.1100.0298 · Cited by 401
The Buckeye corpus of conversational speech: labeling conventions and a test of transcriber reliability
Pitt, M. A., Johnson, K. A., Hume, E. V., Kiesling, S. F., & Raymond, W. D. (2004) · Speech Communication · doi:10.1016/j.specom.2004.09.001 · Cited by 385
College Students and Sexual Consent: Unique Insights
Jozkowski, K. N., & Peterson, Z. D. (2012) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2012.700739 · Cited by 381
Conflict Resolution Processes in Contractual Channels of Distribution
Dant, R. P., & Schul, P. L. (1992) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1177/002224299205600105 · Cited by 377
Influence of Facebook brand-page posts on online engagement
Luarn, P., Lin, Y.-F., & Chiu, Y.-P. (2015) · Online Information Review · doi:10.1108/oir-01-2015-0029 · Cited by 370
Absorptive capacity, learning processes and combinative capabilities as determinants of strategic innovation
Gebauer, H., Worch, H., & Truffer, B. (2011) · European Management Journal · doi:10.1016/j.emj.2011.10.004 · Cited by 361
Business Advertising Appeals as a Mirror of Cultural Dimensions: A Study of Eleven Countries
Albers‐Miller, N. D., & Gelb, B. D. (1996) · Journal of Advertising · doi:10.1080/00913367.1996.10673512 · Cited by 357
Motives and Performance Outcomes of Sustainable Supply Chain Management Practices: A Multi-theoretical Perspective
Paulraj, A., Chen, I. J., & Blome, C. (2015) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-015-2857-0 · Cited by 384
Manufacturing Practices and Strategy Integration: Effects on Cost Efficiency, Flexibility, and Market‐Based Performance
Swink, M. L., Narasimhan, R., & Kim, S. W. (2005) · Decision Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1540-5414.2005.00079.x · Cited by 356
Explicating Media Salience: A Factor Analysis of New York Times Issue Coverage During the 2000 U.S. Presidential Election
Kiousis, S. K. (2004) · Journal of Communication · doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2004.tb02614.x · Cited by 352
The Information Content of Advertising: A Meta-Analysis
Abernethy, A. M., & Franke, G. R. (1996) · Journal of Advertising · doi:10.1080/00913367.1996.10673496 · Cited by 346
High Tech and High Touch
Wünderlich, N. V., von Wangenheim, F., & Bitner, M. J. (2012) · Journal of Service Research · doi:10.1177/1094670512448413 · Cited by 343
Customers’ motivation to engage with luxury brands on social media
Bazi, S., Filieri, R., & Gorton, M. (2020) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.02.032 · Cited by 332
LESSONS FROM THE RICH AND FAMOUS: A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Celebrity Endorsement in Advertising
Choi, S. M., Lee, W., & Kim, H.-J. (2005) · Journal of Advertising · doi:10.1080/00913367.2005.10639190 · Cited by 331
Gender Differences in Heterosexual College Students' Conceptualizations and Indicators of Sexual Consent: Implications for Contemporary Sexual Assault Prevention Education
Jozkowski, K. N., Peterson, Z. D., Sanders, S. A., Dennis, B., & Reece, M. (2013) · The Journal of Sex Research · doi:10.1080/00224499.2013.792326 · Cited by 321
A Multidisciplinary Approach to Supply Chain Agility: Conceptualization and Scale Development
Gligor, D. M., Holcomb, M. C., & Stank, T. P. (2013) · Journal of Business Logistics · doi:10.1111/jbl.12012 · Cited by 313
Traditional, Interpretive, and Reception Based Content Analyses: Improving the Ability of Content Analysis to Address Issues of Pragmatic and Theoretical Concern
Ahuvia, A. (2001) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1023/a:1011087813505 · Cited by 311
Race and the Misrepresentation of Victimization on Local Television News
Dixon, T. L., & Linz, D. G. (2000) · Communication Research · doi:10.1177/009365000027005001 · Cited by 304
Local Open Innovation: A means for public policy to increase collaboration for innovation in SMEs
Leckel, A., Veilleux, S., & Dana, L. (2020) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2019.119891 · Cited by 319
Inter-Rater Reliability Methods in Qualitative Case Study Research
Cole, R. (2023) · Sociological Methods & Research · doi:10.1177/00491241231156971 · Cited by 294
Website Morphing
Hauser, J. R., Urban, G. L., Liberali, G., & Braun, M. I. (2009) · Marketing Science · doi:10.1287/mksc.1080.0459 · Cited by 291
Asian-Americans: Television Advertising and the “Model Minority” Stereotype
Taylor, C. R., & Stern, B. B. (1997) · Journal of Advertising · doi:10.1080/00913367.1997.10673522 · Cited by 287
Assessing the Cross-National Applicability of Consumer Behavior Models: A Model of Attitude Toward Advertising in General
Durvasula, S., Andrews, J. C., Lysonski, S. J., & Netemeyer, R. G. (1993) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/209327 · Cited by 284
The future of B2B marketing theory: A historical and prospective analysis
Cortez, R. M., & Johnston, W. J. (2017) · Industrial Marketing Management · doi:10.1016/j.indmarman.2017.07.017 · Cited by 315
The influence of exchange hazards and power on opportunism in outsourcing relationships
Handley, S. M., & Benton, W. C. (2011) · Journal of Operations Management · doi:10.1016/j.jom.2011.06.001 · Cited by 296
Services quality dimensions of Internet retailing: an exploratory analysis
Yang, Z., Peterson, R. T., & Cai, S. (2003) · Journal of Services Marketing · doi:10.1108/08876040310501241 · Cited by 279
Firm-Specific Assets, Multinationality, and Financial Performance: A Meta-analytic Review and Theoretical Integration
Kirca, A. H., Hult, G. T. M., Roth, K., Cavusgil, S. T., Perryy, M. Z., Akdeniz, M. B., Deligonul, S. Z., Mena, J. A., Hoppner, J. J., Miller, J. C., et al. (2011) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/amj.2011.59215090 · Cited by 286
An international analysis of emotional and rational appeals in services vs goods advertising
Albers‐Miller, N. D., & Stafford, M. R. (1999) · Journal of Consumer Marketing · doi:10.1108/07363769910250769 · Cited by 279
Review Research as Scientific Inquiry
Kunisch, S., Denyer, D., Bartunek, J. M., Menz, M., & Cardinal, L. B. (2022) · Organizational Research Methods · doi:10.1177/10944281221127292 · Cited by 297
From “information” to “knowing”: Exploring the role of social media in contemporary news consumption
Pentina, I., & Tarafdar, M. (2014) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2014.02.045 · Cited by 302
On Cultural and Macroeconomic Contingencies of the Entrepreneurial Orientation–Performance Relationship
Saeed, S., Yousafzai, S., & Engélen, A. (2014) · Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice · doi:10.1111/etap.12097 · Cited by 271
Conceptualization and measurement of relationship quality: Linking relationship quality to actual sales and recommendation intention
Huntley, J. K. (2005) · Industrial Marketing Management · doi:10.1016/j.indmarman.2005.05.011 · Cited by 271

Authors: Perreault, W. D., & Leigh, L. E.
Affiliations: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
Birmingham–Southern College (US)
Venue: Journal of Marketing Research
Publisher: JSTOR
Published: 1989-05
Volume: 26
Issue: 2
Pages: 135
ISSN: 0022-2437 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.2307/3172601
OpenAlex: W2069585723
Cited by: 1,575
References: 42
Citations by year: 2026: 19 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 43 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 59 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 58 · 2018: 52 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 89 · 2014: 77 · 2013: 88 · 2012: 86
FWCI: 12.22
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Marketing Research (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Reliability and Agreement in Measurement
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
Keywords: reliability statistics, nominal data, qualitative judgment, marketing activities, measurement validity

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Reliability of Nominal Data Based on Qualitative Judgments

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks