Insulin Secretion and Action in Subjects With Impaired Fasting Glucose and Impaired Glucose Tolerance
Abstract
This study was conducted to observe changes in insulin secretion and insulin action in subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). A total of 319 subjects were studied with an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were measured at baseline and every 30 min during the OGTT. Fifty-eight subjects also received a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. Insulin sensitivity was calculated as the total glucose disposal (TGD) during the last 30 min of the clamp. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. Subjects with IFG had TGD similar to normal glucose-tolerant subjects, while subjects with IGT and combined IFG/IGT had significantly reduced TGD. HOMA-IR in subjects with IFG was similar to that in subjects with combined IFG/IGT and significantly higher than HOMA-IR in subjects with IGT or NGT. Insulin secretion, measured by the insulinogenic index (DeltaI(0-30)/DeltaG(0-30)) and by the ratio of the incremental area under the curve (AUC) of insulin to the incremental AUC of glucose (0-120 min), was reduced to the same extent in all three glucose-intolerant groups. When both measurements of beta-cell function were adjusted for severity of insulin resistance, subjects with IGT and combined IFG/IGT had a significantly greater reduction in insulin secretion than subjects with IFG. Subjects with IGT and IFG have diff…
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Late-reactive hypoglycemia may be a predictor of diabetes.
“For all these reasons, late-reactive hypoglycemia may be a predictor of diabetes.[30–32]”
From Postprandial Reactive Hypoglycemia (2019) · cites this paper as [31]
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- Authors
- Abdul-Ghani, M. A., Jenkinson, C. P., Richardson, D. K., Tripathy, D., & DeFronzo, R. A.
- Affiliations
- From the Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
- The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center (US)
- Venue
- Diabetes
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2006-05-01
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1430-1435
- ISSN
- 0012-1797 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-327X
- OpenAlex
- W1994768261
- Cited by
- 500
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 29
- FWCI
- 26.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Diabetes (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- American Diabetes Association
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK 24092, R01DK079195)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Keywords
- impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, insulin resistance, beta-cell function, glucose disposal, HOMA-IR, insulinogenic index, type 2 diabetes risk, prediabetes, cardiovascular risk
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Glucose, Fasting, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Texas, United States, United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans, Glucose Clamp Technique, Body Mass Index, Mexican Americans, Glucose Intolerance
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