What Is Gestational Diabetes?

Buchanan, Thomas A.; Xiang, Anny; Kjos, Siri L.; Watanabe, Richard

doi:10.2337/dc07-s201

Cited by 417Gestational Diabetes Research and ManagementDiabetes Management and ResearchPancreatic function and diabetes

What Is Gestational Diabetes?

Buchanan, Thomas A., Xiang, Anny, Kjos, Siri L., Watanabe, Richard·2007·Diabetes Care

DOI 10.2337/dc07-s201

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Abstract

G estational diabetes mellitus (GDM)is defined as glucose intolerancewith onset or first recognition dur-ing pregnancy. As such, GDM is the prod-uct of routine glucose tolerance screening that is currently carried out in otherwise healthy individuals. Like other forms of hyperglycemia, GDM is characterized by pancreatic -cell function that is insuffi-cient to meet the body’s insulin needs. Available evidence suggests that -cell defects in GDM result from the same spectrum of causes that underlie hyper-glycemia in general, including autoim-mune disease, monogenic causes, and insulin resistance. Thus, GDM often rep-resents diabetes in evolution and, as such, holds great potential as a condition in which to study the pathogenesis of diabe-tes and to develop and test strategies for diabetes prevention.

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Increased secretion of insulin-antagonistic hormones during pregnancy results in increased insulin resistance, which at the end of the third trimester reaches a value similar to full-blown type 2 diabetes.
“An increased secretion of insulin-antagonistic hormones (placental hormones, cortisol) during pregnancy results in an increased insulin resistance, which, at the end of the third trimester, reaches a value similar to full-blown type 2 diabetes [9,42].”
From Gestational Diabetes Mellitus—Recent Literature Review (2022) · cites this paper as [42]
GDM is often indicative of underlying β-cell dysfunction, which confers marked increased risk for later development of diabetes, generally but not always type 2 diabetes, in the mother after delivery.
“GDM is often indicative of underlying b -cell dysfunction (200), which confers marked increased risk for later development of diabetes, generally but not always type 2 diabetes, in the mother after delivery (201,202).”
From 2. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2024 (2024) · cites this paper as [200]
GDM is often indicative of underlying beta-cell dysfunction, which confers marked increased risk for later development of glucose intolerance and diabetes in the mother after delivery.
“GDM is often indicative of underlying b-cell dysfunction (182), which confers marked increased risk for later development of glucose intolerance and diabetes in the mother after delivery (183-185).”
From 2. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes: standards of care in diabetes-2025 (2025) · cites this paper as [182]

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Authors: Buchanan, T. A., Xiang, A., Kjos, S. L., & Watanabe, R.
Affiliations: University of Southern California (US)
University of California, Los Angeles (US)
ORCID: Buchanan, Thomas A.
Xiang, Anny
Watanabe, Richard
Venue: Diabetes Care
Publisher: American Diabetes Association
Published: 2007-07-01
Volume: 30
Issue: Supplement_2
Pages: S105-S111
ISSN: 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
1935-5548
DOI: 10.2337/dc07-s201
OpenAlex: W2017442836
Cited by: 417
References: 69
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 15
FWCI: 3.20
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK046374, R01DK61628, R01DK061628, R01DK46374)
National Center for Research Resources (M01 RR-00043, M01RR000043)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
Keywords: gestational diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance, beta-cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, autoimmune disease, monogenic diabetes, hyperglycemia, diabetes pathogenesis, diabetes prevention
MeSH terms: Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Diabetes, Gestational, Glucose Intolerance

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