Testosterone concentrations in diabetic and nondiabetic obese men
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of subnormal testosterone concentrations in patients with obesity and with type 2 diabetes in a primary care clinic population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Free testosterone concentrations of 1,849 men (1,451 nondiabetic and 398 diabetic) in the Hypogonadism In Males (HIM) study were analyzed. The HIM study was a U.S.-based cross-sectional study designed to define the prevalence of hypogonadism in men aged >45 years. Free testosterone was measured by equilibrium dialysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of subnormal free testosterone concentrations in lean, overweight, and obese nondiabetic men was 26% (n = 275), 29% (n = 687), and 40% (n = 489), respectively (P < 0.001 for trend), and 44% (n = 36), 44% (n = 135), and 50% (n = 227), respectively, in diabetic men (P = 0.46 for trend within group and P < 0.05 compared with nondiabetic men). The mean free testosterone concentration of diabetic men was significantly lower than that of nondiabetic men. Free testosterone concentrations were negatively and significantly (P < 0.001) related to age (r = -0.37), BMI (r = -0.18), and sex hormone-binding globulin (r = -0.11) in multiple regression analysis. The average decline of free testosterone concentrations was 7.8 pg/ml per decade in nondiabetic men and 8.4 pg/ml per decade in diabetic men. CONCLUSIONS: Forty percent of obese nondiabetic men and 50% of obese diabetic men aged >or=45 years have subnormal free testosterone concentrations. In view of its high prevalence, obesity is probably the condition most frequently associated with subnormal free testosterone concentrations in males. The concomitant presence of diabetes is associated with an additional increase in the prevalence of subnormal free testosterone concentrations.
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Hypogonadism is highly prevalent (25%) in the obese male population.
“Hypogonadism is highly prevalent (25%) in the obese, male population [63].”
From Bariatric surgery: remission of inflammation, cardiometabolic benefits, and common adverse effects (2020) · cites this paper as [63]
In obese adolescent males, testosterone concentrations are approximately 50% lower than those of normal males.
“In obese, adolescent males, testosterone concentrations are approximately 50% lower than those of normal males [11, 63].”
From Bariatric surgery: remission of inflammation, cardiometabolic benefits, and common adverse effects (2020) · cites this paper as [63]
Among obese US American men, total testosterone ranged from 11.5 to 12.2 nmol/L and free testosterone from 176 to 193 pmol/L, depending on diabetic status.
“among obese US American men, they ranged from 11.5 nmol/L to 12.2 nmol/L and 176 pmol/L to 193 pmol/L, respectively, depending on diabetic status.30”
From Hypogonadism and male obesity: Focus on unresolved questions (2018) · cites this paper as [30]
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- Authors
- Dhindsa, S., Miller, M. G., McWhirter, C. L., Mager, D. E., Ghanim, H., Chaudhuri, A., & Dandona, P.
- Affiliations
- Kaleida Health (US)
- Solvay Pharamaceuticals, Marietta, Georgia;
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dandona, Paresh
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2010-03-03
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1186-1192
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- PMC
- PMC2875421
- OpenAlex
- W2101310933
- Cited by
- 352
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 13.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- American Diabetes Association
- Sanofi
- National Institutes of Health (5r01dk069805-04)
- University at Buffalo
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01-DK-069805-01A1, R01-DK069805, R01DK075877)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Sperm and Testicular Function
- Keywords
- free testosterone, hypogonadism, obesity, type 2 diabetes, sex hormone-binding globulin, body mass index, age-related testosterone decline
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Testosterone
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