16. Diabetes Care in the Hospital: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2022
Open accessAbstract
The American Diabetes Association (ADA) “Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes” includes the ADA’s current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, a multidisciplinary expert committee (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-SPPC), are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA’s clinical practice recommendations, please refer to the Standards of Care Introduction (https://doi.org/10.2337/dc22-SINT). Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
GLP-1RAs have shown a notably positive therapeutic profile for overweight or obese individuals with T2DM.
“Current treatment protocols propose considering weight impact when choosing diabetes treatment strategies, and GLP-1RAs have shown a notably positive therapeutic profile for overweight or obese individuals with T2DM. 78”
From Anti-inflammatory role of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and its clinical implications (2024) · cites this paper as [78]
The Noninsulin Therapies section says trials have demonstrated the potential effectiveness of GLP-1 receptor agonists in specific groups of hospitalized patients. It does not establish a notably positive therapeutic profile for overweight or obese people with type 2 diabetes, or discuss weight impact as a treatment-selection factor. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Diabetic kidney disease: a report from an ADA Consensus Conference
Tuttle, K. R., Bakris, G. L., Bilous, R. W., Chiang, J. L., de Boer, I. H., Goldstein-Fuchs, J., Hirsch, I. B., Kalantar-Zadeh, K., Narva, A. S., Navaneethan, S. D., et al. (2014) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc14-1296 · Cited by 1,153 · see citing works
Diabetic emergencies - ketoacidosis, hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state and hypoglycaemia
Umpierrez, G., & Korytkowski, M. (2016) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2016.15 · Cited by 563 · see citing works
Umpierrez, G. E., Smiley, D., Hermayer, K., Khan, A., Olson, D. E., Newton, C., Jacobs, S., Rizzo, M., Peng, L., Reyes, D., et al. (2013) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc12-1988 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Roberts, A., James, J., Dhatariya, K., & Care, T. J. B. D. S. (. F. I. (2018) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/dme.13675 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Galindo, R. J., Aleppo, G., Klonoff, D. C., Spanakis, E. K., Agarwal, S., Vellanki, P., Olson, D. E., Umpierrez, G. E., Davis, G. M., & Pasquel, F. J. (2020) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/1932296820932903 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Continuous glucose monitoring in the intensive care unit during the COVID-19 pandemic
Agarwal, S., Mathew, J., Davis, G. M., Shephardson, A., Levine, A., Louard, R., Urrutia, A., Perez-Guzman, C., Umpierrez, G. E., Peng, L., et al. (2021) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc20-2219 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Mortality among hospitalized patients with hypoglycemia: insulin related and noninsulin related
Akirov, A., Grossman, A., Shochat, T., & Shimon, I. (2017) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2016-2653 · Cited by 127 · cited 1× · see citing works
“While hypoglycemia is associated with increased mortality (73), in many cases it is a marker of underlying disease rather than the cause of fatality.”
BackgroundBellido, V., Suarez, L., Rodriguez, M. G., Sanchez, C., Dieguez, M., Riestra, M., Casal, F., Delgado, E., Menendez, E., & Umpierrez, G. E. (2015) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc15-0160 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Rushakoff, R. J., Sullivan, M. M., MacMaster, H. W., Shah, A. D., Rajkomar, A., Glidden, D. V., & Kohn, M. A. (2017) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m16-1413 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Sadhu, A. R., Serrano, I. A., Xu, J., Nisar, T., Lucier, J., Pandya, A. R., & Patham, B. (2020) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/1932296820964264 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Vellanki, P., Rasouli, N., Baldwin, D., Alexanian, S., Anzola, I., Urrutia, M., Cardona, S., Peng, L., Pasquel, F. J., Umpierrez, G. E., et al. (2019) · Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.13587 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Diabetic ketoacidosis: A common debut of diabetes among African Americans with type 2 diabetes
Vellanki, P., & Umpierrez, G. E. (2017) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.4158/ep161679.ra · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Rickels, M. R. (2019) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.14214 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Pasquel, F. J., Gomez-Huelgas, R., Anzola, I., Oyedokun, F., Haw, J. S., Vellanki, P., Peng, L., & Umpierrez, G. E. (2015) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc15-1835 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Impact of a hypoglycemia reduction bundle and a systems approach to inpatient glycemic management
Maynard, G., Kulasa, K., Ramos, P., Childers, D., Clay, B., Sebasky, M., Fink, E., Field, A., Renvall, M., Juang, P. S., et al. (2015) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.4158/ep14367.or · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Drincic, A. T., Knezevich, J. T., & Akkireddy, P. (2017) · Current Diabetes Reports · doi:10.1007/s11892-017-0882-3 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Seggelke, S. A., Gibbs, J., & Draznin, B. (2011) · Journal of Hospital Medicine · doi:10.1002/jhm.874 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Fushimi, N., Shibuya, T., Yoshida, Y., Ito, S., Hachiya, H., & Mori, A. (2020) · Journal of Diabetes Investigation · doi:10.1111/jdi.13093 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Amori, R. E., Pittas, A. G., Siegel, R. D., Kumar, S., Chen, J. S., Karnam, S., Golden, S. H., & Salem, D. N. (2008) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.4158/ep.14.5.535 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Temporal occurrences and recurrence patterns of hypoglycemia during hospitalization
Ulmer, B. J., Kara, A., & Mariash, C. N. (2015) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.4158/ep14355.or · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Multifaceted approach to reducing occurrence of severe hypoglycemia in a large healthcare system
Milligan, P. E., Bocox, M. C., Pratt, E., Hoehner, C. M., Krettek, J. E., & Dunagan, W. C. (2015) · American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy · doi:10.2146/ajhp150077 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
U-500 regular insulin use in hospitalized patients
Tripathy, P. R., & Lansang, M. C. (2015) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.4158/ep14151.or · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 82
- Clement S, Braithwaite SS, Magee MF, et al.; American Diabetes Association Diabetes in Hospitals Writing Committee. Management of diabetes and hyperglycemia in hospitals [pub- lished corrections appear in Diabetes Care 2004;27:856 and Diabetes Care 2004;27:1255]. Diabetes Care 2004;27:553-591
- Moghissi ES, Korytkowski MT, DiNardo M, et al.; American Association of Clinical Endo- crinologists; American Diabetes Association. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American Diabetes Association consensus statement on inpatient glycemic control. Dia- betes Care 2009;32:1119-1131
- Bogun M, Inzucchi SE. Inpatient management of diabetes and hyperglycemia. Clin Ther 2013; 35:724-733
- Draznin B, Ed. Alexandria, VA, American Diabetes Association, 2016, pp. 1-10
- Umpierrez GE, Reyes D, Smiley D, et al. Hospital discharge algorithm based on admission HbA 1c for the management of patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2014;37:2934-2939
- Carpenter DL, Gregg SR, Xu K, Buchman TG, Coopersmith CM. Prevalence and impact of unknown diabetes in the ICU. Crit Care Med 2015;43:e541-e550
- Rhee MK, Safo SE, Jackson SL, et al. Inpatient glucose values: determining the nondiabetic range and use in identifying patients at high risk for diabetes. Am J Med 2018;131:443.e11-443.e24
- Garg R, Schuman B, Bader A, et al. Effect of preoperative diabetes management on glycemic control and clinical outcomes after elective surgery. Ann Surg 2018;267:858-862
- van den Boom W, Schroeder RA, Manning MW, Setji TL, Fiestan G-O, Dunson DB. Effect of A1C and glucose on postoperative mortality in noncardiac and cardiac surgeries. Diabetes Care 2018;41:782-788
- Setji T, Hopkins TJ, Jimenez M, et al. Rationalization, development, and implementation of a preoperative diabetes optimization program designed to improve perioperative outcomes and reduce cost. Diabetes Spectr 2017;30:217-223
- Okabayashi T, Shima Y, Sumiyoshi T, et al. Intensive versus intermediate glucose control in surgical intensive care unit patients. Diabetes Care 2014;37:1516-1524 14. Institute of Medicine. Preventing Medi- cation Errors.
- Gillaizeau F, Chan E, Trinquart L, et al. Computerized advice on drug dosage to improve prescribing practice. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013;11:CD002894 16. Wexler DJ, Shrader P, Burns SM, Cagliero E. Effectiveness of a computerized insulin order template in general medical inpatients with type 2 diabetes: a cluster randomized trial. Diabetes Care 2010;33:2181-2183
- Schnipper JL, Liang CL, Ndumele CD, Pendergrass ML. Effects of a computerized order set on the inpatient management of hyper- glycemia: a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Endocr Pract 2010;16:209-218
- Wang YJ, Seggelke S, Hawkins RM, et al. Impact of glucose management team on out- comes of hospitalizaron in patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to the medical service. Endocr Pract 2016;22:1401-1405
- Draznin B, Gilden J, Golden SH, et al.; PRIDE investigators. Pathways to quality inpatient management of hyperglycemia and diabetes: a call to action. Diabetes Care 2013;36:1807-1814
- Bansal V, Mottalib A, Pawar TK, et al. Inpatient diabetes management by specialized diabetes team versus primary service team in non-critical care units: impact on 30-day readmission rate and hospital cost. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2018;6:e000460 21. Ostling S, Wyckoff J, Ciarkowski SL, et al. The relationship between diabetes mellitus and 30- day readmission rates. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol 2017;3:3
- Arnold P, Scheurer D, Dake AW, et al. Hospital guidelines for diabetes management and the Joint Commission-American Diabetes Association inpatient diabetes certification. Am J Med Sci 2016;351:333-341 24. Society of Hospital Medicine. Glycemic control for hospitalists. Accessed 17 October 2021. Available from https://www.hospitalmedicine.org/ clinical-topics/glycemic-control/ 25. Umpierrez GE, Hellman R, Korytkowski MT, et al.; Endocrine Society. Management of hyperglycemia in hospitalized patients in non- critical care setting: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012;97:16-38
- Agiostratidou G, Anhalt H, Ball D, et al. Standardizing clinically meaningful outcome measures beyond HbA 1c for type 1 diabetes: a consensus report of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, the American Association of Diabetes Educators, the American Diabetes Association, the Endocrine Society, JDRF International, The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust, the Pediatric Endocrine Society, and the T1D Exchange. Diabetes Care 2017;40: 1622-1630
- van den Berghe G, Wouters P, Weekers F, et al. Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 2001;345:1359-1367
- Finfer S, Chittock DR, Su SY, et al.; NICE- SUGAR Study Investigators. Intensive versus conventional glucose control in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 2009;360:1283-1297
- Kansagara D, Fu R, Freeman M, Wolf F, Helfand M. Intensive insulin therapy in hospitalized patients: a systematic review. Ann Intern Med 2011;154:268-282
- Sathya B, Davis R, Taveira T, Whitlatch H, Wu W-C. Intensity of peri-operative glycemic control and postoperative outcomes in patients with diabetes: a meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2013;102:8-15
- Umpierrez G, Cardona S, Pasquel F, et al. Randomized controlled trial of intensive versus conservative glucose control in patients under- going coronary artery bypass graft surgery: GLUCO-CABG Trial. Diabetes Care 2015;38: 1665-1672
- Duncan AE, Abd-Elsayed A, Maheshwari A, Xu M, Soltesz E, Koch CG. Role of intraoperative and postoperative blood glucose concentrations in predicting outcomes after cardiac surgery. Anesthesiology 2010;112:860-871
- Low Wang CC, Draznin B. Practical approach to management of inpatient hyperglycemia in select patient populations. Hosp Pract (1995) 2013;41:45-53
- Cobaugh DJ, Maynard G, Cooper L, et al. Enhancing insulin-use safety in hospitals: practical recommendations from an ASHP Foundation expert consensus panel. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2013;70:1404-1413
- Rice MJ, Coursin DB. Glucose meters: here today, gone tomorrow? Crit Care Med 2016;44: e97-e100
- Rice MJ, Smith JL, Coursin DB. Glucose measurement in the ICU: regulatory intersects reality. Crit Care Med 2017;45:741-743
- Klonoff DC, Draznin B, Drincic A, et al. PRIDE statement on the need for a moratorium on the CMS plan to cite hospitals for performing point- of-care capillary blood glucose monitoring on critically ill patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015;100:3607-3612
- DuBois JA, Slingerland RJ, Fokkert M, et al. Bedside glucose monitoring-is it safe? A new, regulatory-compliant risk assessment evaluation protocol in critically ill patient care settings. Crit Care Med 2017;45:567-574
- Zhang R, Isakow W, Kollef MH, Scott MG. Performance of a modern glucose meter in ICU and general hospital inpatients: 3 years of real- world paired meter and central laboratory results. Crit Care Med 2017;45:1509-1514
- Wallia A, Prince G, Touma E, El Muayed M, Seley JJ. Caring for hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia, and COVID-19: bridging the remaining knowledge gaps. Curr Diab Rep 2020;20:77
- Aljehani FA, Funke K, Hermayer KL. Inpatient diabetes and hyperglycemia management protocol in the COVID-19 era. Am J Med Sci 2020;360:423-426
- Pasquel FJ, Umpierrez GE. Individualizing inpatient diabetes management during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2020;14:705-707
- Ceriello A, Standl E, Catrinoiu D, et al.; "Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease (D&CVD)" Study Group of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Issues for the management of people with diabetes and COVID- 19 in ICU. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2020;19:114
- Faulds ER, Jones L, McNett M, et al. Facilitators and barriers to nursing implementation of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Endocr Pract 2021;27:354-361
- Brown KE, Hertig JB. Determining current insulin pen use practices and errors in the inpatient setting. Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf 2016;42:568-575, AP1-AP7
- Horne J, Bond R, Sarangarm P. Comparison of inpatient glycemic control with insulin vials versus insulin pens in general medicine patients. Hosp Pharm 2015;50:514-521
- Veronesi G, Poerio CS, Braus A, et al. Determinants of nurse satisfaction using insulin pen devices with safety needles: an exploratory factor analysis. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol 2015;1:15
- Bueno E, Benitez A, Rufinelli JV, et al. Basal- bolus regimen with insulin analogues versus human insulin in medical patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial in Latin America. Endocr Pract 2015;21:807-813
- Umpierrez GE, Smiley D, Jacobs S, et al. Randomized study of basal-bolus insulin therapy in the inpatient management of patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing general surgery (RABBIT 2 surgery). Diabetes Care 2011;34:256-261
- Colunga-Lozano LE, Gonzalez Torres FJ, Delgado-Figueroa N, et al. Sliding scale insulin for non-critically ill hospitalised adults with diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 11:CD011296 58. Giugliano D, Chiodini P, Maiorino MI, Bellastella G, Esposito K. Intensification of insulin therapy with basal-bolus or premixed insulin regimens in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Endocrine 2016;51:417-428
- Baldwin D, Zander J, Munoz C, et al. A randomized trial of two weight-based doses of insulin glargine and glulisine in hospitalized subjects with type 2 diabetes and renal insufficiency. Diabetes Care 2012;35:1970-1974
- Iyengar R, Franzese J, Gianchandani R. Inpatient glycemic management in the setting of renal insufficiency/failure/dialysis. Curr Diab Rep 2018;18:75
- Shomali ME, Herr DL, Hill PC, Pehlivanova M, Sharretts JM, Magee MF. Conversion from intravenous insulin to subcutaneous insulin after cardiovascular surgery: transition to target study. Diabetes Technol Ther 2011;13:121-126
- Draznin B, Ed. Alexandria, VA, American Diabetes Association, 2016, pp. 115-128
- Lansang MC, Umpierrez GE. Inpatient hyperglycemia management: a practical review for primary medical and surgical teams. Cleve Clin J Med 2016;83(Suppl. 1):S34-S43
- Umpierrez GE, Gianchandani R, Smiley D, et al. Safety and efficacy of sitagliptin therapy for the inpatient management of general medicine and surgery patients with type 2 diabetes: a pilot, randomized, controlled study. Diabetes Care 2013;36:3430-3435
- Pasquel FJ, Fayfman M, Umpierrez GE. Debate on insulin vs non-insulin use in the hospital setting-is it time to revise the guidelines for the management of inpatient diabetes? Curr Diab Rep 2019;19:65
- Fayfman M, Galindo RJ, Rubin DJ, et al. A randomized controlled trial on the safety and efficacy of exenatide therapy for the inpatient management of general medicine and surgery patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2019;42:450-456
- P erez-Belmonte LM, Osuna-S anchez J, Mill an-G omez M, et al. Glycaemic efficacy and safety of linagliptin for the management of non- cardiac surgery patients with type 2 diabetes in a real-world setting: Lina-Surg study. Ann Med 2019;51:252-261
- Alwan D, Chipps E, Yen P-Y, Dungan K. Evaluation of the timing and coordination of prandial insulin administration in the hospital. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2017;131:18-32
- Hung AM, Siew ED, Wilson OD, et al. Risk of hypoglycemia following hospital discharge in patients with diabetes and acute kidney injury. Diabetes Care 2018;41:503-512
- Dagogo-Jack S. Hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes mellitus: pathophysiology and prevention. Treat Endocrinol 2004;3:91-103
- Dendy JA, Chockalingam V, Tirumalasetty NN, et al. Identifying risk factors for severe hypoglycemia in hospitalized patients with diabetes. Endocr Pract 2014;20:1051-1056
- Shah BR, Walji S, Kiss A, James JE, Lowe JM. Derivation and validation of a risk-prediction tool for hypoglycemia in hospitalized adults with diabetes: the Hypoglycemia During Hospi- talization (HyDHo) score. Can J Diabetes 2019;43:278-282.
- Mathioudakis NN, Everett E, Routh S, et al. Development and validation of a prediction model for insulin-associated hypoglycemia in non-critically ill hospitalized adults. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2018;6:e000499
- Curll M, Dinardo M, Noschese M, Korytkowski MT. Menu selection, glycaemic control and satisfaction with standard and patient-controlled consistent carbohydrate meal plans in hospitalised patients with diabetes. Qual Saf Health Care 2010;19:355-359
- Draznin B, Ed. Alexandria, VA, American Diabetes Association, 2016, pp. 70-83
- Mabrey ME, Setji TL. Patient self- management of diabetes care in the inpatient setting: pro. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2015;9:1152 -1154
- Shah AD, Rushakoff RJ. Patient self- management of diabetes care in the inpatient setting: con. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2015;9: 1155-1157
- Umpierrez GE, Klonoff DC. Diabetes technology update: use of insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitoring in the hospital. Diabetes Care 2018;41:1579-1589
- Houlden RL, Moore S. In-hospital mana- gement of adults using insulin pump therapy. Can J Diabetes 2014;38:126-133
- Korytkowski MT, Salata RJ, Koerbel GL, et al. Insulin therapy and glycemic control in hospitalized patients with diabetes during enteral nutrition therapy: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Diabetes Care 2009;32:594-596
- Hsia E, Seggelke SA, Gibbs J, Rasouli N, Draznin B. Comparison of 70/30 biphasic insulin with glargine/lispro regimen in non-critically ill diabetic patients on continuous enteral nutrition therapy. Nutr Clin Pract 2011;26:714-717
- Draznin B, Ed. Alexandria, VA, American Diabetes Association, 2016, pp. 84-98
- Pichardo-Lowden AR, Fan CY, Gabbay RA. Management of hyperglycemia in the non- intensive care patient: featuring subcutaneous insulin protocols. Endocr Pract 2011;17:249-260
- Kwon S, Hermayer KL, Hermayer K. Glucocorticoid-induced hyperglycemia. Am J Med Sci 2013;345:274-277
- Mathioudakis N, Dungan K, Baldwin D, Korytkpwski M, Reider J. Steroid-associated hyperglycemia. In Managing Diabetes and Hyperglycemia in the Hospital Setting. Draznin B, Ed. Alexandria, VA, American Diabetes Association, 2016, pp. 99-114 100.
- Brady V, Thosani S, Zhou S, Bassett R, Busaidy NL, Lavis V. Safe and effective dosing of basal-bolus insulin in patients receiving high-dose steroids for hyper-cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and dexamethasone chemotherapy. Diabetes Technol Ther 2014;16:874-879 101.
- Smiley DD, Umpierrez GE. Perioperative glucose control in the diabetic or nondiabetic patient. South Med J 2006;99:580-589; quiz 590-591 102.
- Gianchandani R, Dubois E, Alexanian S, Rushakoff R. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative glucose management. In Managing Diabetes and Hyperglycemia in the Hospital Setting. Draznin B, Ed. Alexandria, VA, American Diabetes Association, 2016, pp. 129-144 104.
- Demma LJ, Carlson KT, Duggan EW, Morrow JG 3rd, Umpierrez G. Effect of basal insulin dosage on blood glucose concentration in ambulatory surgery patients with type 2 diabetes. J Clin Anesth 2017;36:184-188 105.
- Kitabchi AE, Umpierrez GE, Miles JM, Fisher JN. Hyperglycemic crises in adult patients with diabetes. Diabetes Care 2009;32:1335-1343 107.
- Harrison VS, Rustico S, Palladino AA, Ferrara C, Hawkes CP. Glargine co-administration with intravenous insulin in pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis is safe and facilitates transition to a subcutaneous regimen. Pediatr Diabetes 2017;18:742-748 109.
- Hsia E, Seggelke S, Gibbs J, et al. Subcutaneous administration of glargine to diabetic patients receiving insulin infusion prevents rebound hyperglycemia. J Clin Endo- crinol Metab 2012;97:3132-3137 110.
- Andrade-Castellanos CA, Colunga-Lozano LE, Delgado-Figueroa N, Gonzalez-Padilla DA. Subcutaneous rapid-acting insulin analogues for diabetic ketoacidosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016;1:CD011281 111. Kitabchi AE, Umpierrez GE, Fisher JN, Murphy MB, Stentz FB. Thirty years of personal experience in hyperglycemic crises: diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008;93:1541-1552 112.
- Shepperd S, Lannin NA, Clemson LM, McCluskey A, Cameron ID, Barras SL. Discharge planning from hospital to home. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 1996;1:CD000313 113. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Patient Safety Network -Readmissions and adverse events after discharge, 2019. Accessed 17 October 2021. Available from https://psnet.ahrq.gov/primer/readmissions- and-adverse-events-after-discharge 114. Rubin DJ. Hospital readmission of patients with diabetes. Curr Diab Rep 2015;15:17 115.
- Gregory NS, Seley JJ, Dargar SK, Galla N, Gerber LM, Lee JI. Strategies to prevent readmission in high-risk patients with diabetes: the importance of an interdisciplinary approach. Curr Diab Rep 2018;18:54 116. Jiang HJ, Stryer D, Friedman B, Andrews R. Multiple hospitalizations for patients with diabetes. Diabetes Care 2003;26: 1421-1426 117.
- Maldonado MR, D'Amico S, Rodriguez L, Iyer D, Balasubramanyam A. Improved outcomes in indigent patients with ketosis-prone diabetes: effect of a dedicated diabetes treatment unit. Endocr Pract 2003;9:26-32 118.
- Wu EQ, Zhou S, Yu A, Lu M, Sharma H, Gill J, et al. Outcomes associated with post-discharge insulin continuity in US patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus initiating insulin in the hospital. Hosp Pract (1995) 2012;40:40-48 119. Hirschman KB, Bixby MB. Transitions in care from the hospital to home for patients with diabetes. Diabetes Spectr 2014;27:192-195 120.
- Rubin DJ, Recco D, Turchin A, Zhao H, Golden SH. External validation of the Diabetes Early Re- Admission Risk Indicator (Derri tm ). Endocr Pract 2018;24:527-541
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2021.
Evans, L., Rhodes, A., Alhazzani, W., Antonelli, M., Coopersmith, C. M., French, C., Machado, F. R., Mcintyre, L., Ostermann, M., Prescott, H. C., et al. (2021) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000005337 · Cited by 2,935 · see citing works
Blonde, L., Umpierrez, G. E., Reddy, S. S., McGill, J. B., Berga, S. L., Bush, M., Chandrasekaran, S., DeFronzo, R. A., Einhorn, D., Galindo, R. J., et al. (2022) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2022.08.002 · Cited by 507 · see citing works
Management of diabetes and hyperglycaemia in the hospital
Pasquel, F. J., Lansang, M. C., Dhatariya, K., & Umpierrez, G. E. (2021) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(20)30381-8 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Davis, G. M., Hughes, M. S., Brown, S. A., Sibayan, J., Perez-Guzman, M. C., Stumpf, M., Thompson, Z., Basina, M., Patel, R. M., Hester, J., et al. (2023) · Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/dia.2023.0304 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Burk-Rafel, J., Sebok-Syer, S. S., Santen, S. A., Jiang, J., Caretta-Weyer, H. A., Iturrate, E., Kelleher, M., Warm, E. J., Schumacher, D. J., & Kinnear, B. (2023) · Perspectives on Medical Education · doi:10.5334/pme.1013 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Khunti, K., Aroda, V. R., Bhatt, D. L., Bozkurt, B., Buse, J. B., Heerspink, H. L., Inzucchi, S. E., Lam, C. S. P., Marx, N., McMurray, J. J. V., et al. (2022) · Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.14805 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Diabetes management in patients undergoing total pancreatectomy: A single center cohort study
Zhao, T., Fu, Y., Zhang, T., Guo, J., Liao, Q., Song, S., Duo, Y., Gao, Y., Yuan, T., & Zhao, W. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1097139 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Instituting a successful discharge plan for patients with type 2 diabetes: challenges and solutions
Demidowich, A. P., Batty, K., & Zilbermint, M. (2022) · Diabetes Spectrum · doi:10.2337/dsi22-0013 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Inpatient hyperglycemia and transitions of care: A systematic review
Lansang, M. C., Zhou, K., & Korytkowski, M. T. (2021) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2021.01.016 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Pinkhasova, D., Swami, J. B., Patel, N., Karslioglu-French, E., Hlasnik, D. S., Delisi, K. J., Donihi, A. C., Rubin, D. J., Siminerio, L. S., Wang, L., et al. (2021) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2021.03.013 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
- Authors
- American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee
- Corresponding author
- American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2021-12-16
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- Supplement_1
- Pages
- S244-S253
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4200012372
- Cited by
- 440
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 56 · 2024: 65 · 2023: 108 · 2022: 92 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 11.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Keywords
- hospitalized patients, inpatient diabetes management, clinical guidelines, quality of care, treatment goals
- MeSH terms
- Diabetes Mellitus, Endocrinology, Hospitals, Humans, Reference Standards, Societies, Medical, Standard of Care
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review