Cited by 1,257Ovarian function and disordersDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsGestational Diabetes Research and Management

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Prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Ehrmann, D A, Barnes, R B, Rosenfield, R L, Cavaghan, M K, Imperial, J·1999·Diabetes Care

DOI 10.2337/diacare.22.1.141

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: NIDDM occurs commonly among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The prevalence and natural history of its precursor, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), is less well known. The objective of this study was to characterize the prevalence and incidence of glucose intolerance in a large cohort of women with well-characterized PCOS. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 122 women with clinical and hormonal evidence of PCOS were recruited from the Medicine, Endocrinology, Gynecology, and Pediatrics Clinics at the University of Chicago. All women had a standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with measurement of glucose and insulin levels. A subset of 25 women were subsequently restudied with the aim of characterizing the natural history of glucose tolerance in PCOS. RESULTS: Glucose tolerance was abnormal in 55 (45%) of the 122 women: 43 (35%) had IGT and 12 (10%) had NIDDM at the time of initial study. The women with NIDDM differed from those with normal glucose tolerance in that they had a 2.6-fold higher prevalence of first-degree relatives with NIDDM (83 vs. 31%, P < 0.01 by chi 2) and were significantly more obese (BMI 41.0 +/- 2.4 vs. 33.4 +/- 1.1 kg/m2, P < 0.01). For the entire cohort of 122 women, there was a significant correlation between fasting and 2-h glucose concentrations (r = 0.76, P < 0.0001); among the subset with IGT, the fasting glucose concentration was poorly predictive of the 2-h level (r = 0.25, NS). After a mean follow-up of 2.4 +/- 0.3 years (range 0.5-6.3), 25 women had a second OGTT. The glucose concentration at 2 h during the second glucose tolerance test was significantly higher than the 2-h concentration during the first study (161 +/- 9 vs. 139 +/- 6 mg/dl, P < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of IGT and NIDDM in women with PCOS is substantially higher than expected when compared with age- and weight-matched populations of women without PCOS. The conversion from IGT to NIDDM is accelerated in PCOS. The fasting glucose concentration does not reliably predict the glucose concentration at 2 h after an oral glucose challenge, particularly among those with IGT, the subgroup at highest risk for subsequent development of NIDDM. We conclude that women with PCOS should periodically have an OGTT and must be closely monitored for deterioration in glucose tolerance.

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Background
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Hahn, S., Tan, S., Sack, S., Kimmig, R., Quadbeck, B., Mann, K., & Janssen, O. E. (2007) · Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes · doi:10.1055/s-2007-967093 · Cited by 80
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Background
A case–control observational study of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome among the four phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome based on Rotterdam criteria
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“Although a remarkable proportion of women with PCOS develops IGT (up to 30%) and type 2 diabetes (up to 10%), this is not a universal feature (1,25).”
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Patel, R., & Shah, G. B. (2017) · Reproduction · doi:10.1530/rep-17-0584 · Cited by 81
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Self-citation
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“Women with PCOS have 30 and 10% prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes, respectively (22), and in the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) of 101,073 women followed for 8 years, oligomenorrheic women had a twofold higher rate of conversion to type 2 diabetes (23).”
Background
The effects of rosiglitazone and metformin on insulin resistance and serum androgen levels in obese and lean patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
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BackgroundResult
Management of women with PCOS using myo-inositol and folic acid. New clinical data and review of the literature
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Background
Plasma interleukin-18 levels are increased in the polycystic ovary syndrome: relationship of carotid intima-media wall thickness and cardiovascular risk factors
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Background
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Authors: Ehrmann, D. A., Barnes, R. B., Rosenfield, R. L., Cavaghan, M. K., & Imperial, J.
Affiliations: University of Chicago (US)
ORCID: Rosenfield, R L
Venue: Diabetes Care
Publisher: American Diabetes Association
Published: 1999-01-01
Volume: 22
Issue: 1
Pages: 141-146
ISSN: 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
1935-5548
DOI: 10.2337/diacare.22.1.141
OpenAlex: W2007816906
Cited by: 1,257
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 40 · 2017: 45 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 63 · 2013: 55 · 2012: 75
FWCI: 31.87
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5k08dk002315-02)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK-31842, DK 20595, DK-02315)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
Keywords: polycystic ovary syndrome, impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes, prevalence, incidence, natural history (disease), oral glucose tolerance test, fasting blood glucose, obesity, family history of diabetes, women's health
MeSH terms: Adult, Analysis of Variance, Blood Glucose, Chicago, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Insulin, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Regression Analysis, Testosterone, Prevalence, Glucose Intolerance

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Prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

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