The evidence for the effectiveness of medical nutrition therapy in diabetes management
Open accessAbstract
Randomized controlled trials of MNT The U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) (5) was a randomized controlled trial that involved 30,444 newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes at 15 centers.All treatment and control
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In adults with both obesity and diabetes, modest weight loss of as little as 2 kg achieved through diet modification over 6 months can reduce the need for glucose-lowering medications.
“modest weight loss, as little as 2 kg, achieved through diet modification over the course of 6 months can reduce the need for glucose-lowering medications (6).”
From The Benefits of Exercise Training in Combination With Weight Loss Therapies (2025) · cites this paper as [6]
The Observational studies section (page not available) reports that 21 patients with type 2 diabetes receiving nutrition therapy lost a mean of about 2.05 kg over six months; 44% of those initially taking medication had less or no need for it. It does not say these patients had obesity, and the retrospective audit does not establish that the weight loss caused the reduced medication need. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAdding exercise training to calorie-restriction-induced weight loss attenuates decline in lean mass and bone mineral density when adequate protein and micronutrient intake is ensured.
“the addition of exercise training to CR-induced weight loss attenuates the decline in lean mass and BMD when adequate protein and micronutrient intake is ensured (6,8).”
From The Benefits of Exercise Training in Combination With Weight Loss Therapies (2025) · cites this paper as [6]
The Meta-analyses of trials section discusses exercise combined with nutrition and behavioral therapy, but reports effects on body weight and HbA1c, not lean mass or bone mineral density. A search for lean mass, BMD, and adequate protein or micronutrient intake found no passage addressing whether exercise attenuates those declines during calorie-restriction-induced weight loss. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.73)
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- Authors
- Pastors, J. G., Warshaw, H., Daly, A., Franz, M., & Kulkarni, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Virginia (US)
- Alexandria National University (EG)
- Springfield Diabetes and Endocrine Center, Springfield, Illinois
- Nutrition Concepts by Franz, Minneapolis, Minnesota
- St. Mark's Hospital (US)
- ORCID
- Warshaw, Hope
- Venue
- Diabetes Care
- Publisher
- American Diabetes Association
- Published
- 2002-03-01
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 608-613
- ISSN
- 0149-5992 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-5548
- OpenAlex
- W2140564842
- Cited by
- 434
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 7.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Diabetes Care (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Keywords
- medical nutrition therapy, type 2 diabetes, diabetes management, randomized controlled trials, UK Prospective Diabetes Study, dietary intervention effectiveness
- MeSH terms
- Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Patient Education as Topic
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