The DOI matches its Crossref record; 29 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF A COMMUNITY OF INQUIRY OVER TIME IN AN ONLINE COURSE: UNDERSTANDING THE PROGRESSION AND INTEGRATION OF SOCIAL, COGNITIVE AND TEACHING PRESENCE
Open accessAbstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the dynamics of an online educational experience through the lens of the Community of Inquiry framework. Transcript analysis of online discussion postings and the Community of Inquiry survey were applied in order to understand the progression and integration of each of the Community of Inquiry presences. The results indicated significant change in teaching and social presence categories over time. Moreover, survey results yielded significant relationships among teaching presence, cognitive presence and social presence, and students’ perceived learning and satisfaction in the course.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches
Creswell, J. W. (1994) · Cited by 35,204
Basics of Qualitative Research: Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques.
Ellis, C., Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1992) · Contemporary Sociology · doi:10.2307/2074814 · Cited by 29,249
Content Analysis: An Introduction to its Methodology.
Shelley, M., & Krippendorff, K. (1984) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2288384 · Cited by 24,312
Mixed Methods Research: A Research Paradigm Whose Time Has Come
Johnson, R. B., & Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2004) · Educational Researcher · doi:10.3102/0013189x033007014 · Cited by 11,170 · cited 2×
“With an eclectic approach, mixed method research is inclusive, pluralistic and complementary [17].”
MethodCritical Inquiry in a Text-Based Environment: Computer Conferencing in Higher Education
Garrison, D. R., Anderson, T., & Archer, W. (1999) · The Internet and Higher Education · doi:10.1016/s1096-7516(00)00016-6 · Cited by 6,619
Self-citationSAGE Handbook of Mixed Methods in Social & Behavioral Research
Tashakkori, A., & Teddlie, C. (2010) · doi:10.4135/9781506335193 · Cited by 6,215
The Cambridge Handbook of the Learning Sciences
(2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511816833 · Cited by 4,601
E-Learning in the 21st Century: A Framework for Research and Practice
Garrison, D. R., & Anderson, T. D. (2003) · Thammasat University Digital Collections · Cited by 2,052
Self-citationLipman, M. (2003) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511840272 · Cited by 1,989
Researching the community of inquiry framework: Review, issues, and future directions
Garrison, D. R., & Arbaugh, J. B. (2007) · The Internet and Higher Education · doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2007.04.001 · Cited by 1,653
Self-citation
Cited by
Garrison, D. R., Cleveland-Innes, M., & Fung, T. S. (2010) · The Internet and Higher Education · doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2009.10.002 · Cited by 930
Self-citationRichardson, J. C., Maeda, Y., Lv, J., & Caskurlu, S. (2017) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2017.02.001 · Cited by 787
Shea, P., & Bidjerano, T. (2010) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2010.07.017 · Cited by 758
Measuring Student Engagement in the Online Course: The Online Student Engagement Scale (OSE)
Dixson, M. D. (2015) · Online Learning · doi:10.24059/olj.v19i4.561 · Cited by 707
Law, K. M. Y., Geng, S., & Li, T. (2019) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2019.02.021 · Cited by 426
Metadata
- Authors
- Akyol, Z., & Garrison, D. R.
- Venue
- Online Learning
- Publisher
- The Online Learning Consortium
- Published
- 2008-12-17
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 3
- ISSN
- 1092-8235 (ISSN-L)
- 2472-5730
- 2472-5749
- OpenAlex
- W1648755690
- Cited by
- 565
- References
- 29
- FWCI
- 58.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: THE DEVELOPMENT OF A COMMUNITY OF INQUIRY OVER TIME IN AN ONLINE COURSE: UNDERSTANDING THE PROGRESSION AND INTEGRATION OF SOCIAL, COGNITIVE AND TEACHING PRESENCE. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.24059/olj.v12i3.66
- The paper
- Akyol, Z., & Garrison, D. R. (2008). THE DEVELOPMENT OF A COMMUNITY OF INQUIRY OVER TIME IN AN ONLINE COURSE: UNDERSTANDING THE PROGRESSION AND INTEGRATION OF SOCIAL, COGNITIVE AND TEACHING PRESENCE. Online Learning. https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v12i3.66
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.