Radiocarbon dating shows an early appearance of Philistine material culture in Tell es-Safi/Gath, Philistia.
Open accessAbstract
The Late Bronze Age to Iron Age transition in the coastal southern Levant involves a major cultural change, which is characterized, among other things, by the appearance of Philistine pottery locally produced in styles derived from outside the Levant. This transition in the coastal southern Levant is conventionally dated to the 12th century BC, based on historical and archaeological artifacts associated with the Philistine pottery. Radiocarbon dating can provide a more precise independent absolute chronology for this transition, but dating for the period under discussion is complicated by the wiggles and relatively flat slope in the calibration curve, which significantly reduce precision. An additional complication is that the stratigraphic record below and above the transition at this site, as well as at most other sites in the region, is far from complete. We thus used a variety of microarchaeological techniques to improve our understanding of the stratigraphy, and to ensure that the locations with datable short-lived materials were only derived from primary contexts, which could be related directly to the associated material culture. The 14 C dates were modeled using Bayesian statistics that incorporate the stratigraphic information. Using this integrative approach, we date the appearance of the Philistine pottery in Tell es-Safi/Gath in the 13th century BC.
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The Gezer result closely matches recent 14C results from Ashkelon (Start 19B: 1173-1131 BC, 68.3% hpd) and is compatible with Tell es-Safi (Gath) (Start A6: 1220-1138 BC, 68.3% hpd).
“The result closely matches recent 14C results from Ashkelon (Start 19B: 1173–1131 BC, 68.3% hpd) [111] and is compatible with Tell es-Safi (Gath) (Start A6: 1220–1138 BC, 68.3% hpd) (Fig 11) ([104], see analysis in [2]).”
From The chronology of Gezer from the end of the late bronze age to iron age II: A meeting point for radiocarbon, archaeology egyptology and the Bible (2023) · cites this paper as [104]
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- Authors
- Asscher, Y., Cabanes, D., Hitchcock, L. A., Maeir, A. M., Weiner, S., & Boaretto, E.
- Affiliations
- Weizmann Institute of Science (IL)
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (DE)
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- Bar-Ilan University (IL)
- Corresponding author
- Asscher, Yotam
- Boaretto, Elisabetta
- Venue
- Radiocarbon
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2015
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 825-850
- ISSN
- 0033-8222 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-5755
- OpenAlex
- W2177633289
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 3.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Radiocarbon (publishedVersion)
- Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion)
- Rutgers University Community Repository (Rutgers University) (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Weizmann Institute of Science
- FP7 Ideas: European Research Council (229418)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Religious studies › Biblical Studies and Interpretation
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Archeology › Ancient Mediterranean Archaeology and History
- Keywords
- Philistines, Tell es-Safi/Gath, radiocarbon dating, Bayesian chronology, microarchaeology, stratigraphy, absolute chronology, 13th century BC, Southern Levant
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