Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 534

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

How a Firm’s Competitive Environment and Digital Strategic Posture Influence Digital Business Strategy1

Mithas, Sunil, Tafti, Ali, Mitchell, Will·2013·MIS Quarterly

Abstract

In this paper, we examine how the competitive industry environment shapes the way that digital strategic posture (defined as a focal firm’s degree of engagement in a particular class of digital business practices relative to the industry norm) influences firms’ realized digital business strategy. We focus on two forms of digital strategy: general IT investment and IT outsourcing investment. Drawing from prior literature on determinants of IT activity and competitive dynamics, we argue that three elements of the industry environment determine whether digital strategic posture has an increasingly convergent or divergent influence on digital business strategy. By divergent influence, we mean an influence that leads to spending substantially more or less on a particular strategic activity than industry norms. We predict that a digital strategic posture (difference from the industry mean) has an increasingly divergent effect on digital business strategy under higher industry turbulence, while having an increasingly convergent effect on digital business strategy under higher industry concentration and higher industry growth. The study uses archival data for 400 U.S.-based firms from 1999 to 2006. Our findings imply that digital business strategy is not solely a matter of optimizing firm operations internally or of responding to one or two focal competitors, but also arises strikingly from awareness and responsiveness to the digital business competitive environment. Collectively, the findings provide insights on how strategic posture and industry environment influence firms’ digital business strategy.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.25300/misq/2013/37.2.09

Cites

4 of 4 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 4 references

Research works printed but not linked: 93

  1. Aldrich, 1979, Organizations and Environments
  2. Ang, 1998, Production and Transaction Economies and IS Outsourcing: A Study of the U.S. Banking Industry, MIS Quarterly, 22, 535, 10.2307/249554 · DOI · Paper page
  3. Antioco, 2011, How I Did It...: Blockbuster’s Former CEO on Sparring with an Activist Shareholder, Harvard Business Review, 89, 39
  4. Bain, 1951, Relation of Profit Rate to Industry Concentration: American Manufacturing, 1936-1940, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 65, C324
  5. Bardhan, 2006, Information Technology, Production Process Outsourcing and Manufacturing Plant Performance, Journal of Management Information Systems, 23, 13, 10.2753/MIS0742-1222230202 · DOI
  6. Barnett, 2004, Why Are Some Organizations More Competitive than Others? Evidence from a Changing Global Market, Administrative Science Quarterly, 49, 535, 10.2307/4131490 · DOI · Paper page
  7. Barua, 2000, Information Technology and Business Performance: Past, Present, and Future, 65
  8. Beckman, 2004, Friends or Strangers? Firm-Specific Uncertainty, Market Uncertainty, and Network Partner Selection, Organization Science, 15, 259, 10.1287/orsc.1040.0065 · DOI · Paper page
  9. Bharadwaj, 2010, Digital Business Strategy: Toward a Next Generation of Insights (Special Issue Call for Papers), MIS Quarterly, 34, 1
  10. Bharadwaj, 1999, Information Technology Effects on Firm Performance as Measured by Tobin’s q, Management Science, 45, 1008, 10.1287/mnsc.45.7.1008 · DOI · Paper page
  11. Bharadwaj, 2002, Firmwide IT Capability: An Empirical Examination of the Construct and its Links to Performance
  12. Boynton, 1993, Achieving Dynamic Stability through Information Technology, California Management Review, 35, 58, 10.2307/41166722 · DOI
  13. Brynjolfsson, 1996, Paradox Lost? Firm-Level Evidence on the Returns to Information Systems Spending, Management Science, 42, 541, 10.1287/mnsc.42.4.541 · DOI · Paper page
  14. Castrogiovanni, 1991, Environmental Munificence: A Theoretical Assessment, The Academy of Management Review, 16, 542
  15. Chang, 2012, Information Technology Outsourcing, Knowledge Transfer, and Firm Productivity: An Empirical Analysis, MIS Quarterly, 36, 1043, 10.2307/41703497 · DOI
  16. Chatterjee, 2002, The Shareholder–Wealth and Trading–Volume Effects of Information Technology Infrastructure Investments, Journal of Management Information Systems, 19, 7, 10.1080/07421222.2002.11045723 · DOI · Paper page
  17. Chen, 1996, Competitor Analysis and Interfirm Rivalry: Toward a Theoretical Integration, Academy of Management Review, 21, 100, 10.2307/258631 · DOI · Paper page
  18. Chen, 1994, Competitive Attack, Retaliation and Performance: An Expectancy–Valence Framework, Academy of Management Journal, 15, 85
  19. Chiasson, 2005, Taking Industry Seriously in Information Systems Research, MIS Quarterly, 29, 591, 10.2307/25148701 · DOI
  20. Chun, 2008, Creative Destruction and Firm-Specific Performance Heterogeneity, Journal of Financial Economics, 89, 109, 10.1016/j.jfineco.2007.06.005 · DOI · Paper page
  21. Courtney, 1997, Strategy Under Uncertainty, Harvard Business Review, 75, 67
  22. D’Aveni, 1994, Hypercompetition: Managing the Dynamics of Strategic Maneuvering
  23. Derfus, 2008, The Red Queen Effect: Competitive Actions and Firm Performance, Academy of Management Journal, 51, 61, 10.5465/amj.2008.30708624 · DOI · Paper page
  24. Dess, Dimensions of Organizational Task Environments, Administrative Science Quarterly, 29, 52, 10.2307/2393080 · DOI · Paper page
  25. Dewan, 1998, Firm Characteristics and Investments in Information Technology: Scale and Scope Effects, Information Systems Research, 9, 219, 10.1287/isre.9.3.219 · DOI · Paper page
  26. DiMaggio, 1983, The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields, American Sociological Review, 48, 147, 10.2307/2095101 · DOI · Paper page
  27. Dos Santos, 1995, Rewards to Investors in Innovative Information Technology Applications: First Movers and Early Followers in ATMs, Organization Science, 6, 241, 10.1287/orsc.6.3.241 · DOI · Paper page
  28. Dos Santos, 1993, The Impact of Information Technology Investment Announcements on the Market Value of the Firm, Information Systems Research, 4, 1, 10.1287/isre.4.1.1 · DOI · Paper page
  29. Drnevich, 2011, Clarifying the Conditions and Limits of the Contributions of Ordinary and Dynamic Capabilities to Relative Firm Performance, Strategic Management Journal, 32, 254, 10.1002/smj.882 · DOI · Paper page
  30. Durnev, 2004, Value-Enhancing Capital Budgeting and Firm-Specific Stock Return Variation, The Journal of Finance, 59, 65, 10.1111/j.1540-6261.2004.00627.x · DOI · Paper page
  31. Eisenhardt, 2001, Strategy as Simple Rules, Harvard Business Review, 79, 107
  32. El Sawy, 2010, Seeking the Configurations of Digital Ecodynamics: It Takes Three to Tango, Information Systems Research, 21, 835, 10.1287/isre.1100.0326 · DOI · Paper page
  33. El Sawy, 2008, IT-Enabled Business Capabilities for Turbulent Environments, MIS Quarterly Executive, 7, 139
  34. Emery, 1965, Causal Texture of Organizational Environments, Human Relations, 18, 21, 10.1177/001872676501800103 · DOI · Paper page
  35. Feigenbaum, 1994, Strategic Groups as Reference Groups: Theory, Modeling and Empirical Examination of Industry and Competitive Strategy, Strategic Management Journal, 16, 461, 10.1002/smj.4250160605 · DOI · Paper page
  36. Griliches, 1995, Firm Productivity in Israeli Industry 1979-1988, Journal of Econometrics, 65, 175, 10.1016/0304-4076(94)01601-U · DOI · Paper page
  37. Grover, 2013, Revealing Your Hand: Caveats in Implementing Digital Business Strategy, MIS Quarterly, 37, 655
  38. Han, 2013, Information Technology Outsourcing and Non-IT Operating Costs: An Empirical Investigation, MIS Quarterly, 37, 315, 10.25300/MISQ/2013/37.1.14 · DOI
  39. Hannan, 1995, Organizational Evolution in a Multinational Context: Entries of Automobile Manufacturers in Belgium, Britain, France, Germany and Italy, American Journal of Sociology, 60, 509, 10.2307/2096291 · DOI · Paper page
  40. Henderson, 1990, Architectural Innovation: The Reconfiguration of Existing Product Technologies and the Failure of Established Firms, Administrative Science Quarterly, 35, 9, 10.2307/2393549 · DOI · Paper page
  41. Hou, 2006, Industry Concentration and Average Stock Returns, Journal of Finance, 61, 1927, 10.1111/j.1540-6261.2006.00893.x · DOI · Paper page
  42. Im, 2001, Research Report: A Reexamination of IT Investment and the Market Value of the Firm: An Event Study Methodology, Information Systems Research, 12, 103, 10.1287/isre.12.1.103.9718 · DOI · Paper page
  43. Jensen, 1976, Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs, and Ownership Structure, Journal of Financial Economics, 3, 305, 10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X · DOI · Paper page
  44. Keats, 1988, A Causal Model of Linkages among Environmental Dimensions, Macro Organizational Characteristics, and Performance, Academy of Management Journal, 31, 570, 10.2307/256460 · DOI · Paper page
  45. King, 1992, The Factors Affecting Strategic Information Systems Applications, Information & Management, 23, 217, 10.1016/0378-7206(92)90046-I · DOI
  46. Kohli, 2008, Business Value of IT: An Essay on Expanding Research Directions to Keep Up with the Times, Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 9, 23, 10.17705/1jais.00147 · DOI · Paper page
  47. Kulatilaka, 2001, Strategic Options in the Digital Era, Business Strategy Review, 12, 7, 10.1111/1467-8616.00187 · DOI
  48. Liang, 2006, Customer-Centric Information Systems, Journal of Management Information Systems, 23, 9, 10.2753/MIS0742-1222230301 · DOI
  49. Lim, 2012, How CIO Position Influences Information Technology Investments and Firm Performance
  50. Loh, 1992, Diffusion of Information Technology Outsourcing: Influence Sources and the Kodak Effect, Information Systems Research, 3, 334, 10.1287/isre.3.4.334 · DOI · Paper page
  51. Lohr, 2008, Belt-Tightening, but No Collapse, Is Forecast in Technology Spending, New York Times Online, Technology Section
  52. McDougall, 1994, The Effects of Industry Growth and Strategic Breadth on New Venture Performance and Strategy Content, Strategic Management Journal, 15, 537, 10.1002/smj.4250150704 · DOI · Paper page
  53. Melville, 2007, The Productivity Impact of Information Technology across Competitive Regimes: The Role of Industry Concentration and Dynamism, Decision Support Systems, 43, 229, 10.1016/j.dss.2006.09.009 · DOI
  54. Melville, 2004, Review: Information Technology and Organizational Performance: An Integrative Model of IT Business Value, MIS Quarterly, 28, 283, 10.2307/25148636 · DOI · Paper page
  55. Milliken, 1987, Three Types of Perceived Uncertainty about the Environment: State, Effect, and Response Uncertainty, Academy of Management Review, 12, 133, 10.2307/257999 · DOI · Paper page
  56. Mithas, 2012, Digital Intelligence: What Every Smart Manager Must Have for Success in an Information Age
  57. Mithas, 2012, Digital Business Strategies and the Duality of IT, IEEE IT Professional, 14, 2, 10.1109/MITP.2012.96 · doi:10.1109/mitp.2012.96
  58. Mithas, 2010, What Is Your Digital Business Strategy?, IEEE IT Professional, 12, 4, 10.1109/MITP.2010.154 · DOI
  59. Mithas, 2014, Information Technology and Firm Value: Productivity Paradox, Profitability Paradox, and New Frontiers
  60. Mithas, 2013, Production Function of Information Technology Services Across Computing Eras: An Empirical Analysis
  61. Mithas, 2011, How Information Management Capability Influences Firm Performance, MIS Quarterly, 35, 237, 10.2307/23043496 · DOI · Paper page
  62. Mithas, 2012, Information Technology Investments and Firm Performance: The Moderating Role of IT Strategy
  63. Mithas, 2012, Information Technology and Firm Profitability: Mechanisms and Empirical Evidence, MIS Quarterly, 36, 205, 10.2307/41410414 · DOI · Paper page
  64. Mithas, 2007, Is the World Flat or Spiky? Information Intensity, Skills and Global Service Disaggregation, Information Systems Research, 18, 237, 10.1287/isre.1070.0131 · DOI
  65. Mol, 2009, The Sources of Management Innovation: When Firms Introduce New Management Practices, Journal of Business Research, 62, 1269, 10.1016/j.jbusres.2009.01.001 · DOI · Paper page
  66. Morck, 2000, The Information Content of Stock markets: Why Do Emerging Markets have Synchronous Stock Price Movement?, Journal of Financial Economics, 58, 215, 10.1016/S0304-405X(00)00071-4 · DOI · Paper page
  67. Oh, 2007, On the Assessment of the Business Value of Information Systems: Conceptual and Measurement Alternatives, MIS Quarterly, 31, 239, 10.2307/25148790 · DOI · Paper page
  68. Pavlou, 2006, From IT Leveraging Competence to Competitive Advantage in Turbulent Environments: The Case of New Product Development, Information Systems Research, 17, 198, 10.1287/isre.1060.0094 · DOI · Paper page
  69. Pavlou, 2010, The ‘Third Hand’: IT-Enabled Competitive Advantage in Turbulence Through Improvisational Capabilities, Information Systems Research, 21, 443, 10.1287/isre.1100.0280 · DOI · Paper page
  70. Porter, 1979, How Competitive Forces Shape Strategy, Harvard Business Review, 57, 137
  71. Prahalad, 2002, The Dynamic Synchronization of Strategy and Information Technology, MIT Sloan Management Review, 45, 24
  72. Rai, 1997, Technology Investment and Business Performance, Communications of the ACM, 40, 89, 10.1145/256175.256191 · DOI · Paper page
  73. Rai, 2006, Firm Performance Impacts of Digitally Enabled Supply Chain Integration Capabilities, MIS Quarterly, 30, 225, 10.2307/25148729 · DOI · Paper page
  74. Ray, 2009, Competitive Environment and the Relationship between IT and Vertical Integration, Information Systems Research, 20, 585, 10.1287/isre.1080.0202 · DOI
  75. Sambamurthy, 2003, Shaping Agility through Digital Options: Reconceptualizing the Role of Information Technology in Contemporary Firms, MIS Quarterly, 27, 237, 10.2307/30036530 · DOI · Paper page
  76. Saraf, 2007, IS Application Capabilities and Relational Value in Interfirm Partnerships, Information Systems Research, 18, 320, 10.1287/isre.1070.0133 · DOI · Paper page
  77. Scherer, 1990, Industrial Market Structure and Economic Performance
  78. Segarra, 2002, New Firms’ Survival and Market Turbulence: New Evidence from Spain, Review of Industrial Organization, 20, 1, 10.1023/A:1013309928700 · doi:10.1023/a:1013309928700
  79. Smith, 2001, Competitive Dynamics Research: Critique and Future Directions, 315
  80. Smith, 1992, Dynamics of Competitive Strategy
  81. Staw, 1975, The Scarcity-Munificence Component of Organizational Environments and the Commission of Illegal Acts, Administrative Science Quarterly, 20, 345, 10.2307/2391995 · DOI · Paper page
  82. Tafti, 2013, The Effect of Information Technology-Enabled Flexibility on Formation and Market Value of Alliances, Management Science, 59, 207, 10.1287/mnsc.1120.1579 · DOI
  83. Thomas, 1988, Research on Strategic Groups: Progress and Prognosis, Journal of Management Studies, 25, 537, 10.1111/j.1467-6486.1988.tb00046.x · DOI · Paper page
  84. Thomas, 2004, The Rise of Hyper-competition in the US Manufacturing Sector, 1950 to 2002
  85. Trachtenberg, 2007, Borders Business Plan Gets a Rewrite, Wall Street Journal, B1
  86. Venkatraman, 1994, IT-Enabled Business Transformation: From Automation to Business Scope Redefinition, Sloan Management Review, 35, 73
  87. Wang, 2010, Chasing the Hottest IT: Effects of Information Technology Fashion on Organizations, MIS Quarterly, 34, 63, 10.2307/20721415 · DOI · Paper page
  88. Waring, 1996, Industry Difference in the Persistence of Firm-Specific Returns, American Economic Review, 86, 1253
  89. Weber, 2006, Adoption of Electronic Trading at the International Securities Exchange, Decision Support Systems, 41, 728, 10.1016/j.dss.2004.10.006 · doi:10.1016/j.dss.2004.10.006
  90. Whitaker, 2011, Organizational Learning and Capabilities for Onshore and Offshore Business Process Outsourcing, Journal of Management Information Systems, 27, 11, 10.2753/MIS0742-1222270302 · DOI
  91. Yasai-Ardekani, 1989, Effects of Environmental Scarcity and Munificence on the Relationship of Context to Organizational Structure, Academy of Management Journal, 32, 131, 10.2307/256423 · DOI
  92. Young, 1996, Austrian’ and Industrial Organization Perspectives on Firm-Level Competitive Activity and Performance, Organization Science, 7, 243, 10.1287/orsc.7.3.243 · DOI · Paper page
  93. Zhu, 2005, Post-Adoption Variations in Usage and Value of E-Business by Organizations: Cross-Country Evidence from the Retail Industry, Information Systems Research, 16, 61, 10.1287/isre.1050.0045 · DOI · Paper page

Cited by

See all 534

Metadata

Authors
Mithas, S., Tafti, A., & Mitchell, W.
Venue
MIS Quarterly
Publisher
MIS Quarterly
Published
2013-06-01
Volume
37
Issue
2
Pages
511-536
ISSN
  • 0276-7783 (ISSN-L)
  • 2162-9730
OpenAlex
W1585189676
Cited by
534
References
4
FWCI
38.47
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: How a Firm’s Competitive Environment and Digital Strategic Posture Influence Digital Business Strategy1. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.25300/misq/2013/37.2.09
The paper
Mithas, S., Tafti, A., & Mitchell, W. (2013). How a Firm’s Competitive Environment and Digital Strategic Posture Influence Digital Business Strategy1. MIS Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2013/37.2.09

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.