Ultrasensitive skin-like wearable optical sensors based on glass micro/nanofibers
Open accessAbstract
Electronic skin, a class of wearable electronic sensors that mimic the functionalities of human skin, has made remarkable success in applications including health monitoring, human-machine interaction and electronic-biological interfaces. While electronic skin continues to achieve higher sensitivity and faster response, its ultimate performance is fundamentally limited by the nature of low-frequency AC currents. Herein, highly sensitive skin-like wearable optical sensors are demonstrated by embedding glass micro/nanofibers (MNFs) in thin layers of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Enabled by the transition from guided modes into radiation modes of the waveguiding MNFs upon external stimuli, the skin-like optical sensors show ultrahigh sensitivity (1870 kPa-1), low detection limit (7 mPa) and fast response (10 μs) for pressure sensing, significantly exceeding the performance metrics of state-of-the-art electronic skins. Electromagnetic interference (EMI)-free detection of high-frequency vibrations, wrist pulse and human voice are realized. Moreover, a five-sensor optical data glove and a 2×2-MNF tactile sensor are demonstrated. These initial results pave the way toward a new category of optical devices ranging from ultrasensitive wearable sensors to optical skins.
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Incorporating MNFs into PDMS thin layers can produce skin-like optical sensors with ultrahigh sensitivity, low detection limit, and fast response for pressure sensing.
“By incorporating MNFs into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) thin layers, it is possible to produce skin-like optical sensors with ultrahigh sensitivity, low detection limit, and fast response for pressure sensing [212].”
From The Current State of Optical Sensors in Medical Wearables (2022) · cites this paper as [212]
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“the transition from guided mode to radiative mode of the guiding light [19] [Fig.”
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“For example, to overcome the limitation of face by E-skins, MNF was used to assemble ultrasensit-ive optical skin sensors (figure 3(a)), which can detect weak pressure with ultrahigh sensitivity (1870 kPa − 1 ), low detection limit (7 mPa) and fast response (10 µ s) [27].”
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Tunable Thermochromic Graphene Metamaterials with Iridescent Color
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Fiber Optic Sensors in Tactile Sensing: A Review
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“In summary, researchers have recently proposed a series of wearable “optical skin” tactile sensors with high sensitivity, fast response, and resistance to electromagnetic interference by embedding MNFs into PDMS films [67], [68], [72], [73], [74], [75], [80], [81], [82], [83].”
Self-citationPreparation and Application of Metal Nanoparticals Elaborated Fiber Sensors
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Speckle-based high-resolution multimodal soft sensing
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“Other promising opto-electronic methods have been investigated in recent advances in the field of wearable sensors [34,35]; however, these are not yet available for clinical use.”
BackgroundThe possibilities of using a mixture of PDMS and phosphor in a wide range of industry applications
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Wearable Optical Fiber Sensors for Biomechanical Measurement in Medical Rehabilitation: A Review
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“The diameter of the MNF is usually close to or smaller than the wavelength of the guided light (about 1 µm or less), which can perform excellent stability and reliability during long hours of work.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialOptical-Switch-Enabled Microfluidics for Sensitive Multichannel Colorimetric Analysis
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Prosthetic finger for fingertip tactile sensing via flexible chromatic optical waveguides
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Optically Readable Electrochromic-Based Microfiber Synaptic Device for Photonic Neuromorphic Systems
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Highly sensitive skin-like wearable optical sensor for human physiological signals monitoring
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Optical Microfiber Biomedical Sensors: Classification, Applications, and Future Perspectives
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Ultracompact Vernier-effect-improved sensor by a single microfiber-knot resonator
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Wang, N., Yao, Y., Wu, P.-A., Zhao, L., & Chen, J. (2024) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s24072253 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“Zhang et al. [12] demonstrated ultrasensitive skin-like optical sensors based on a micrometer-scale fiber waveguide.”
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Insect-inspired micro-optical antenna enables ultrasensitive multisensory perception
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“1C) ( 44 , 45 ), while chemical stimuli interacting with the indicator in the polymer film lead to absorption loss (Fig.”
Self-citationFlexible Micro-Nano Fiber Sensors for Tactile Sensing
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“Benefiting from the ultrasensitivity and enhanced evanescent fields of the MNF, the tactile sensors assembled with it have great potential for applications [19].”
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“For example, Zhang et al.58 created ultrasensitive skinlike wearable optical sensors (SLWOSs) by embedding glass MNFs in thin layers of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).”
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Self-citationA Systematic Review on Custom Data Gloves
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“9) or directly the raw sensor data.”
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“Due to their smaller diameter, these sensors possess a relatively low equivalent elastic modulus, enhancing their sensitivity to pressure and enabling efficient detection of pulse waves with a high signal-to-noise ratio [19], [20], [21].”
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Flexible three-axis tactile sensor based on double-layer electrospun polyimide nanofiber membrane
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Fabrication methods and high-precision diameter control techniques of optical micro-/nanofibers
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“Gas sensors have a broad application prospect in the fields of safety and environmental protection [1], health care [2], smart homes [3], etc.”
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Self-citationVisible-light fiber Bragg grating-based wearable optical sensor
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Self-citationMishra, P., Goswami, D. N., Kumar, S., & Jha, R. (2025) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.4c21034 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
- Authors
- Zhang, L., Pan, J., Zhang, Z., Wu, H., Yao, N., Cai, D., Xu, Y., Zhang, J., Sun, G., Wang, L., Geng, W., Jin, W., Fang, W., Di, D., & Tong, L.
- Affiliations
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instruments (CN)
- Zhejiang University (CN)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Opto-Electronic Advances
- Publisher
- Opto-Electronic Advances
- Published
- 2020
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 190022
- ISSN
- 2096-4579 (ISSN-L)
- 2097-3993
- OpenAlex
- W3012377897
- Cited by
- 186
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 7.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Opto-Electronic Advances (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Photonic and Optical Devices
- Keywords
- electronic skin, wearable optical sensors, pressure sensing, polydimethylsiloxane, tactile sensing, vibration sensing, voice detection, tactile sensors
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