High performance piezoelectric devices based on aligned arrays of nanofibers of poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-trifluoroethylene)
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Multifunctional capability, flexible design, rugged lightweight construction and self-powered operation are desired attributes for electronics that directly interface with the human body or with advanced robotic systems. For these applications, piezoelectric materials, in forms that offer the ability to bend and stretch, are attractive for pressure/force sensors and mechanical energy harvesters. Here, we introduce a large area, flexible piezoelectric material that consists of sheets of electrospun fibres of the polymer poly[(vinylidenefluoride-co-trifluoroethylene]. The flow and mechanical conditions associated with the spinning process yield free-standing, three-dimensional architectures of aligned arrangements of such fibres, in which the polymer chains adopt strongly preferential orientations. The resulting material offers exceptional piezoelectric characteristics, to enable ultra-high sensitivity for measuring pressure, even at exceptionally small values (0.1 Pa). Quantitative analysis provides detailed insights into the pressure sensing mechanisms, and establishes engineering design rules. Potential applications range from self-powered micro-mechanical elements, to self-balancing robots and sensitive impact detectors.
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Electrospun PVDF fiber sensors place electrodes only at the ends of fiber bundles, compromising electrical output and sensitivity.
“Several wearable sensors and energy harvesters have employed electrospun PVDF fibers, but electrodes could only be placed at the ends of the fiber bundles instead of along the full length of the fiber,22 which compromises the electrical output and, subsequently, the sensitivity.”
From A Chest‐Laminated Ultrathin and Stretchable E‐Tattoo for the Measurement of Electrocardiogram, Seismocardiogram, and Cardiac Time Intervals (2019) · cites this paper as [22]
The Results (page unavailable) describe electrospun P(VDF-TrFe) sensors with electrical contacts at the ends of fibre arrays. The paper does not say electrodes could only be placed there or that end contacts compromise output and sensitivity; it reports a large response to minute pressures from those devices. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredBesides resistive and capacitive mechanisms, progress has been made to develop wearable piezoelectric and triboelectric pressure sensors.
“Besides the widely used resistive and capacitive mechanisms, progress has been made to develop wearable piezoelectric [22,58,59,159] and triboelectric [160][161][162] pressure sensors.”
From Nanomaterial-Enabled Wearable Sensors for Healthcare (2018) · cites this paper as [58]
Freestanding electrospun PVDF-TrFE nanofiber arrays or electrospun PVDF-TrFE nanofiber mat sandwiched between two electrodes were fabricated for piezoelectric pressure sensing.
“Freestanding electrospun PVDF-TrFE nanofiber arrays [58] or electrospun PVDF-TrFE nanofiber mat sandwiched between two electrodes [59] were fabricated for piezoelectric pressure sensing.”
From Nanomaterial-Enabled Wearable Sensors for Healthcare (2018) · cites this paper as [58]
A detection limit as low as 0.1 Pa and a high sensitivity of 1.1 V kPa-1 for pressure range between 0.4 and 2 kPa were obtained.
“Detection limit as low as 0.1 Pa and high sensitivity of 1.1 V kPa -1 for pressure range between 0.4 and 2 kPa were obtained.[58]”
From Nanomaterial-Enabled Wearable Sensors for Healthcare (2018) · cites this paper as [58]
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- Authors
- Persano, L., Dagdeviren, C., Su, Y., Zhang, Y., Girardo, S., Pisignano, D., Huang, Y., & Rogers, J. A.
- Affiliations
- Istituto Nanoscienze (IT)
- Northwestern University (US)
- University of Salento (IT)
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rogers, John A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2013-03-27
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1633-1633
- ISSN
- 2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2095904636
- Cited by
- 1,271
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 70 · 2025: 85 · 2024: 88 · 2023: 89 · 2022: 119 · 2021: 118 · 2020: 131 · 2019: 116 · 2018: 114 · 2017: 104 · 2016: 103 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 59 · 2013: 12
- FWCI
- 43.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Communications (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- AIRUS (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- Northwestern University
- European Commission (2007–2013, FP7 2007-2013, FP7/2007)
- FP7 Ideas: European Research Council (306357)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Dielectric materials and actuators
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials
- Keywords
- piezoelectric polymers, poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene), electrospun nanofibers, flexible piezoelectric materials, pressure sensing, force sensing, mechanical energy harvesting, self-powered devices, chain orientation, impact detection, self-balancing robot
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