A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial of Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Alpha Lipoic Acid in Alzheimer's Disease
Open accessAbstract
Oxidative stress, inflammation, and increased cholesterol levels are all mechanisms that have been associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Several epidemiologic studies have reported a decreased risk of AD with fish consumption. This pilot study was designed to evaluate the effects of supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids alone (ω-3) or omega-3 plus alpha lipoic acid (ω-3 + LA) compared to placebo on oxidative stress biomarkers in AD. The primary outcome measure was peripheral F2-isoprostane levels (oxidative stress measure). Secondary outcome measures included performance on: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Activities of Daily Living/Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (ADL/IADL), and Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog). Thirty-nine AD subjects were randomized to one of three groups: 1) placebo, 2) ω-3, or 3) ω-3 + LA for a treatment duration of 12 months. Eighty seven percent (34/39) of the subjects completed the 12-month intervention. There was no difference between groups at 12 months in peripheral F2-isoprostane levels (p = 0.83). The ω-3 + LA and ω-3 were not significantly different than the placebo group in ADAS-cog (p = 0.98, p = 0.86) and in ADL (p = 0.15, p = 0.82). Compared to placebo, the ω-3 + LA showed less decline in MMSE (p < 0.01) and IADL (p = 0.01) and the ω-3 group showed less decline in IADL (p < 0.01). The combination of ω-3 + LA slowed cognitive and functional decline in AD over 12 months. Because the results were generated from a small sample size, further evaluation of the combination of omega-3 fatty acids plus alpha-lipoic acid as a potential treatment in AD is warranted.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Preclinical studies and investigations in individuals affected by Alzheimer's disease provided evidence that alpha lipoic acid may promote neurocognitive enhancement via pleiotropic mechanisms, including antioxidant mitochondrial activity and anti-inflammatory properties.
“Moreover, preclinical studies and investigations in individuals affected by Alzheimer’s disease [132] provided evidence that ALA may promote neurocognitive enhancement via pleiotropic mechanisms, including antioxidant mitochondrial activity and anti-inflammatory properties [133]”
From Cognitive remission: a novel objective for the treatment of major depression? (2016) · cites this paper as [132]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (1975) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 · Cited by 88,282 · see citing works
A new rating scale for Alzheimer's disease
(1984) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.141.11.1356 · Cited by 4,175 · see citing works
An Inventory to Assess Activities of Daily Living for Clinical Trials in Alzheimerʼs Disease
Galasko, D., Bennett, D. A., Sano, M., Ernesto, C., Thomas, R., Grundman, M., & Ferris, S. H. (1997) · Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders · doi:10.1097/00002093-199700112-00005 · Cited by 1,198 · see citing works
Consumption of Fish and n-3 Fatty Acids and Risk of Incident Alzheimer Disease
Morris, M. C., Evans, D. A., Bienias, J. L., Tangney, C. C., Bennett, D. A., Wilson, R. S., Aggarwal, N., & Schneider, J. (2003) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.60.7.940 · Cited by 1,135 · see citing works
Alpha-lipoic acid as a dietary supplement: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential
Shay, K. P., Moreau, R. F., Smith, E. J., Smith, A. R., & Hagen, T. M. (2009) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects · doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2009.07.026 · Cited by 976 · see citing works
Dietary fat intake and the risk of incident dementia in the Rotterdam study
Kalmijn, S., Launer, L. J., Ott, A., Witteman, J. C. M., Hofman, A., & Breteler, M. M. B. (1997) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410420514 · Cited by 895 · cited 1× · see citing works
“A number of epidemiologic studies have observed a consistent association of a decreased risk for AD and greater fish consumption [5–7].”
BackgroundThe pharmacology of the antioxidant lipoic acid
Biewenga, G. P., Haenen, G. R. M. M., & Bast, A. (1997) · General Pharmacology The Vascular System · doi:10.1016/s0306-3623(96)00474-0 · Cited by 844 · see citing works
Galasko, D. R., Bennett, D., Sano, M., Ernesto, C., Thomas, R., Grundman, M., & Ferris, S. H. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 767 · see citing works
Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation and Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer Disease: A Randomized Trial
Quinn, J. F., Raman, R., Thomas, R. G., Yurko-Mauro, K., Nelson, E. B., Van Dyck, C., Galvin, J. E., Emond, J., Jack, C. R., Weiner, M., et al. (2010) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2010.1510 · Cited by 764 · see citing works
Self-citationFreund-Levi, Y., Eriksdotter-Jönhagen, M., Cederholm, T., Basun, H., Faxén-Irving, G., Garlind, A., Vedin, I., Vessby, B., Wahlund, L.-O., & Palmblad, J. (2006) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.63.10.1402 · Cited by 751 · see citing works
Dietary patterns and risk of dementia: The Three-City cohort study
Barberger-Gateau, P., Raffaitin, C., Letenneur, L., Berr, C., Tzourio, C., Dartigues, J. F., & Alpérovitch, A. (2007) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000278116.37320.52 · Cited by 700 · see citing works
Cummings, J. L. (2002) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.287.18.2335 · Cited by 443 · see citing works
Pratico, D., Lee, V. M.-Y., Trojanowski, J. Q., Rokach, J., & Fitzgerald, G. A. (1998) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fasebj.12.15.1777 · Cited by 405 · see citing works
Galasko, D. R., Peskind, E., Clark, C. M., Quinn, J. F., Ringman, J. M., Jicha, G. A., Cotman, C., Cottrell, B., Montine, T. J., Thomas, R. G., et al. (2012) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneurol.2012.85 · Cited by 377 · see citing works
Self-citationAre all n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids created equal?
Anderson, B. M., & David, W. L. (2009) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/1476-511x-8-33 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
α-Lipoic Acid: A Metabolic Antioxidant and Potential Redox Modulator of Transcription
Packer, L., Roy, S., & Sen, C. K. (1996) · Advances in pharmacology · doi:10.1016/s1054-3589(08)60980-1 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Therapeutic potential of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in disease
Fetterman, J. W., & Zdanowicz, M. M. (2009) · American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy · doi:10.2146/ajhp080411 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Nutrient biomarker patterns, cognitive function, and MRI measures of brain aging
Bowman, G. L., Silbert, L. C., Howieson, D. B., Dodge, H. H., Traber, M. G., Frei, B. B., Kaye, J. A., Shannon, J., & Quinn, J. F. (2011) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182436598 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Self-citationMori, T. A., Croft, K. D., Puddey, I. B., & Beilin, L. J. (1999) · Analytical Biochemistry · doi:10.1006/abio.1998.3037 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Antioxidant strategies for Alzheimer's disease
Grundman, M., & Delaney, P. (2002) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1079/pns2002146 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Alpha-lipoic acid as a new treatment option for Azheimer type dementia
Hager, K., Marahrens, A., Kenklies, M., Riederer, P., & Münch, G. (2001) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/s0167-4943(01)00104-2 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Helmersson, J., Larsson, A. O., Vessby, B., & Basu, S. (2005) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.026 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Chronic dietary α-lipoic acid reduces deficits in hippocampal memory of aged Tg2576 mice
Quinn, J. F., Bussiere, J. R., Hammond, R., Montine, T. J., Henson, E., Jones, R. E., & Stackman, R. W. (2006) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2005.12.014 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Self-citationα-Lipoic acid as a new treatment option for Alzheimer’s disease — a 48 months follow-up analysis
Häger, K., Kenklies, M., McAfoose, J., Engel, J., & Münch, G. W. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-211-73574-9_24 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Omega-3 fatty acids: potential role in the management of early Alzheimer’s disease
Jicha, G. A. (2010) · Clinical Interventions in Aging · doi:10.2147/cia.s5231 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
DHA May Prevent Age-Related Dementia
Cole, G. M., & Frautschy, S. A. (2010) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.109.113910 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Wang, W., Shinto, L. H., Connor, W. E., & Quinn, J. F. (2008) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-2008-13103 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Self-citationRuyle, M., CONNOR, W. E., Anderson, G. J., & Lowensohn, R. I. (1990) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.87.20.7902 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Kamenova, P. (2006) · HORMONES · doi:10.14310/horm.2002.11191 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Lipoic Acid Attenuates Inflammation via cAMP and Protein Kinase A Signaling
Salinthone, S., Yadav, V., Schillace, R. V., BOURDETTE, D. N., & Carr, D. W. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013058 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Self-citationDietary patterns and risk of dementia: The Three-City cohort study
Ballenger, J. C. (2009) · Yearbook of Psychiatry and Applied Mental Health · doi:10.1016/s0084-3970(08)79239-9 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Kelley, D. S., & Adkins, Y. C. (2012) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665112000080 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Alpha-lipoic acid modulates NF-κB activity in human monocytic cells by direct interaction with DNA
Lee, H. A., & Hughes, D. A. (2002) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/s0531-5565(01)00207-8 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Yadav, V., Marracci, G., Munar, M. Y., Cherala, G., Stuber, L. E., Alvarez, L., Shinto, L. H., Koop, D. R., & BOURDETTE, D. N. (2010) · Multiple Sclerosis Journal · doi:10.1177/1352458509359722 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Self-citationYang, Y., Lu, N., Chen, D., Meng, L., Zheng, Y., & Hui, R. (2012) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.111.025924 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Helmersson, J., & Basu, S. (2001) · Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids · doi:10.1054/plef.2001.0295 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
CHEN, J., Jiang, W., Cai, J., Tao, W.-Q., Gao, X., & JIANG, X. (2005) · Journal of Chromatography B · doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2005.07.038 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Salinthone, S., Schillace, R. V., Tsang, C., Regan, J. W., BOURDETTE, D. N., & Carr, D. W. (2010) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2010.05.008 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citationAllen, R., Salinthone, S., Schillace, R. V., Sengupta, R., Billiar, T. R., Jl, A., & Ve, K. (2009) · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Simonian, N. A., & Coyle, J. T. (1996) · Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev.pa.36.040196.000503 · Cited by 1,377 · see citing works
An Overview of Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Teleanu, D. M., Niculescu, A.-G., Lungu, I. I., Radu, C. I., Vladâcenco, O., Roza, E., Costăchescu, B., Grumezescu, A. M., & Teleanu, R. I. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23115938 · Cited by 1,085 · see citing works
Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Niedzielska, E., Smaga, I., Gawlik, M., Moniczewski, A., Stankowicz, P., Pera, J., & Filip, M. (2016) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-015-9337-5 · Cited by 800 · see citing works
Omega-3 fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease
Abdelhamid, A. S., Brown, T. J., Brainard, J. S., Biswas, P., Thorpe, G., Moore, H. J., Deane, K. H., AlAbdulghafoor, F. K., Summerbell, C. D., Worthington, H. V., et al. (2018) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd003177.pub3 · Cited by 631 · see citing works
Kamat, P. K., Kalani, A., Rai, S., Swarnkar, S., Tota, S., Nath, C., & Tyagi, N. (2014) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-014-9053-6 · Cited by 504 · see citing works
Role of gut microbiota and nutrients in amyloid formation and pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease
Pistollato, F., Sumalla Cano, S., Elio, I., Masias Vergara, M., Giampieri, F., & Battino, M. (2016) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuw023 · Cited by 496 · see citing works
The resolution of inflammation: Principles and challenges
Headland, S. E., & Norling, L. V. (2015) · Seminars in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.smim.2015.03.014 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
Effect of omega-3 fatty acids on cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Khan, S. U., Lone, A. N., Khan, M. S., Virani, S. S., Blumenthal, R. S., Nasir, K., Miller, M., Michos, E. D., Ballantyne, C. M., Boden, W. E., et al. (2021) · eClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100997 · Cited by 411 · see citing works
Omega-3 fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease
Abdelhamid, A. S., Brown, T. J., Brainard, J. S., Biswas, P., Thorpe, G., Moore, H. J., Deane, K. H., AlAbdulghafoor, F. K., Summerbell, C. D., Worthington, H. V., et al. (2018) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd003177.pub4 · Cited by 409 · see citing works
Involvement of Lipids in Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology and Potential Therapies
Chew, H., Solomon, V. A., & Fonteh, A. N. (2020) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00598 · Cited by 353 · see citing works
Screening for Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults
Patnode, C. D., Perdue, L. A., Rossom, R. C., Rushkin, M. C., Redmond, N., Thomas, R. G., & Lin, J. S. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2019.22258 · Cited by 310 · see citing works
NRF2 as a Therapeutic Target in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Brandes, M. S., & Gray, N. E. (2020) · ASN Neuro · doi:10.1177/1759091419899782 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
Omega-3 fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease
Abdelhamid, A. S., Brown, T. J., Brainard, J. S., Biswas, P., Thorpe, G. C., Moore, H. J., Deane, K. H., Summerbell, C. D., Worthington, H. V., Song, F., et al. (2020) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd003177.pub5 · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Omega-3 fatty acids and dementia
Cole, G. M., Ma, Q., & Frautschy, S. A. (2009) · Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids · doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2009.05.015 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Targeting neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s disease
Bronzuoli, M. R., Iacomino, A., Steardo, L., & Scuderi, C. (2016) · Journal of Inflammation Research · doi:10.2147/jir.s86958 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Is docosahexaenoic acid synthesis from α-linolenic acid sufficient to supply the adult brain?
Domenichiello, A. F., Kitson, A. P., & Bazinet, R. P. (2015) · Progress in Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2015.04.002 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Cognitive remission: a novel objective for the treatment of major depression?
Bortolato, B., Miskowiak, K. W., Köhler, C. A., Maes, M., Fernandes, B. S., Berk, M., & Carvalho, A. F. (2016) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-016-0560-3 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Dietary supplements and disease prevention — a global overview
Rautiainen, S., Manson, J. E., Lichtenstein, A. H., & Sesso, H. D. (2016) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2016.54 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Ashok, A., Andrabi, S. S., Mansoor, S., Kuang, Y., Kwon, B. K., & Labhasetwar, V. D. (2022) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox11020408 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Clemente‐Suárez, V. J., Redondo-Flórez, L., Beltrán-Velasco, A. I., Ramos‐Campo, D. J., Belinchón-deMiguel, P., Martínez‐Guardado, I., Dalamitros, A. A., Sepulveda, R. A. Y., Martín-Rodríguez, A., & Tornero-Aguilera, J. F. (2023) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines11092488 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Neurodegenerative Diseases: New Evidence in Clinical Trials
Avallone, R., Vitale, G., & Bertolotti, M. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20174256 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Ferroptosis as a mechanism of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease
Jakaria, M., Belaidi, A. A., Bush, A. I., & Ayton, S. (2021) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.15519 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Chen, L.-L., Fan, Y.-G., Zhao, L.-X., Zhang, Q., & Wang, Z.-Y. (2023) · Bioorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106301 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Polyunsaturated fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease
Abdelhamid, A. S., Martin, N., Bridges, C., Brainard, J. S., Wang, X., Brown, T. J., Hanson, S., Jimoh, F. O., Ajabnoor, S. M., Deane, K. H., et al. (2018) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012345.pub2 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Omega-3 fatty acids for the treatment of dementia
Burckhardt, M., Herke, M., Wustmann, T., Watzke, S., Langer, G., & Fink, A. M. (2016) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009002.pub3 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
Mesa-Herrera, F., Taoro‐González, L., Valdés‐Baizabal, C., Díaz, M. L., & Marín, R. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20153810 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Venigalla, M., Sonego, S., Gyengési, E., Sharman, M. J., & Münch, G. W. (2015) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2015.10.011 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Omega-3 fatty acids and mental health
Lange, K. W. (2020) · Global Health Journal · doi:10.1016/j.glohj.2020.01.004 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Diet in the Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease: Current Knowledge and Future Research Requirements
Stefaniak, O., Dobrzyńska, M., Drzymała-Czyż, S., & Przysławski, J. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14214564 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Wei, B.-Z., Li, L., Dong, C.-W., Tan, C.-C., & Xu, W. (2023) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.04.001 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Fatty acid metabolism in the progression and resolution of CNS disorders
Bogie, J. F. J., Haidar, M., Kooij, G., & Hendriks, J. J. A. (2020) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2020.01.004 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Antiageing strategy for neurodegenerative diseases: from mechanisms to clinical advances
Jiang, Q., Liu, J., Huang, S., Wang, X.-Y., Chen, X., Liu, G.-H., Ye, K., Song, W., Masters, C. L., Wang, J., et al. (2025) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-025-02145-7 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Xiao, L., Wei, F., Zhou, Y., Anderson, G. J., Frazer, D. M., Lim, Y. C., Liu, T., & Xiao, Y. (2019) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04216 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Impact of dietary fats on brain functions
Chianese, R., Coccurello, R., Viggiano, A., Scafuro, M., Fiore, M., Coppola, G., Operto, F. F., Fasano, S., Laye, S., Pierantoni, R., et al. (2018) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570159x15666171017102547 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Omega-3 fatty acids' supplementation in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review
Canhada, S., Castro, K., Perry, I. S., & Luft, V. C. (2018) · Nutritional Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/1028415x.2017.1321813 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Free radicals in Alzheimer's disease: Lipid peroxidation biomarkers
Peña‐Bautista, C., Baquero, M., Vento, M., & Cháfer‐Pericás, C. (2019) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.cca.2019.01.021 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Tejchman, K., Kotfis, K., & Sieńko, J. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22158010 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Gut microbiome-targeted therapies for Alzheimer’s disease
Zhang, T., Gao, G., Kwok, L., & Sun, Z. (2023) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2023.2271613 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
The Role of Diet as a Modulator of the Inflammatory Process in the Neurological Diseases
Kurowska, A., Ziemichód, W., Herbet, M., & Piątkowska‐Chmiel, I. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15061436 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Why Pleiotropic Interventions are Needed for Alzheimer's Disease
Frautschy, S. A., & Cole, G. M. (2010) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-010-8137-1 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Jurcău, A. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms222111847 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Polyunsaturated fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease
Abdelhamid, A. S., Martin, N., Bridges, C., Brainard, J. S., Wang, X., Brown, T. J., Hanson, S., Jimoh, F. O., Ajabnoor, S. M., Deane, K. H., et al. (2018) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012345.pub3 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Motor and cognitive deficits in aged tau knockout mice in two background strains
Lei, P., Ayton, S., Moon, S., Zhang, Q., Volitakis, I., Finkelstein, D. I., & Bush, A. I. (2014) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/1750-1326-9-29 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
DHA May Prevent Age-Related Dementia
Cole, G. M., & Frautschy, S. A. (2010) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.109.113910 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
The Immunopathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease Is Related to the Composition of Gut Microbiota
Leblhuber, F., Ehrlich, D., Steiner, K., Geisler, S., Fuchs, D., Lanser, L., & Kurz, K. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13020361 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Ma, Q., Zuo, X., Yang, F., Ubeda, O. J., Gant, D. J., Alaverdyan, M., Kiosea, N., Nazari, S., Chen, P. P., Nothias, F., et al. (2014) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3439-13.2014 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Remington, R., Bechtel, C., Larsen, D., Samar, A., Doshanjh, L., Fishman, P., Luo, Y. M., Smyers, K., Page, R., Morrell, C. H., et al. (2015) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-142499 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
The role of amyloid-beta in the regulation of memory
Morley, J. E., & Farr, S. A. (2014) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2013.12.018 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
The pleiotropic effects of omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid on the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease
Belkouch, M., Hachem, M., Elgot, A., Van, A. L., Picq, M., Guichardant, M., Lagarde, M., & Bernoud‐Hubac, N. (2016) · The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.03.002 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Tripathi, A. K., Ray, A. K., Mishra, S. K., Bishen, S. M., Mishra, H., & Khurana, A. (2023) · Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia · doi:10.1007/s43450-023-00370-1 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Aborode, A. T., Pustake, M., Awuah, W. A., Alwerdani, M., Shah, P., Yarlagadda, R., Ahmad, S., Silva Correia, I. F., Chandra, A., Nansubuga, E. P., et al. (2022) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2022/7934442 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
An update on the role of omega-3 fatty acids on inflammatory and degenerative diseases
Lorente‐Cebrián, S., Costa, A. G. V., Navas‐Carretero, S., Zabala, M., Laiglesia, L. M., Martínez, J. A., & Moreno-Aliaga, M. J. (2015) · Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1007/s13105-015-0395-y · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Martinelli, C., Pucci, C., Battaglini, M., Marino, A., & Ciofani, G. (2019) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.201901589 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
New Insights into Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Scarian, E., Viola, C., Dragoni, F., Gerlando, R. D., Rizzo, B., Diamanti, L., Gagliardi, S., Bordoni, M., & Pansarasa, O. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25052698 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Vinuesa, Á., Pomilio, C. J., Gregosa, A., Bentivegna, M., Presa, J., Bellotto, M., Saravia, F., & Beauquis, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.653651 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Peng, Y., Gao, P., Shi, L., Chen, L., Liu, J., & Long, J. (2020) · Antioxidants & Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2019.7763 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Regular Fish Consumption and Age-Related Brain Gray Matter Loss
Raji, C. A., Erickson, K. I., López, O. L., Kuller, L. H., Gach, H. M., Thompson, P. M., Riverol, M., & Becker, J. T. (2014) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2014.05.037 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Strategy to reduce free radical species in Alzheimer’s disease: an update of selected antioxidants
Domenico, F. D., Barone, E., Marzia Perluigi, A., & Butterfield, D. A. (2014) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1586/14737175.2015.955853 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Omega-3 world map: 2024 update
Schuchardt, J. P., Beinhorn, P., Hu, X. F., Chan, H. M., Roke, K., Bernasconi, A. A., Hahn, A., Sala‐Vila, A., Stark, K. D., & Harris, W. S. (2024) · Progress in Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/j.plipres.2024.101286 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
The Gut-Brain Axis in Alzheimer’s Disease and Omega-3. A Critical Overview of Clinical Trials
Rosa, F. L., Clerici, M., Ratto, D., Occhinegro, A., Licito, A., Romeo, M., Iorio, C. D., & Rossi, P. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10091267 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
A practical algorithm for managing Alzheimer's disease: what, when, and why?
Cummings, J. L., Isaacson, R., Schmitt, F. A., & Velting, D. M. (2015) · Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology · doi:10.1002/acn3.166 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Alpha-Lipoic Acid: Beneficial or Harmful in Alzheimer’s Disease?
dos Santos, S. M., Romeiro, C. F. R., Rodrigues, C. A., Cerqueira, A. R. L., & Monteiro, M. C. (2019) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2019/8409329 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Mitochondrial therapeutic interventions in Alzheimer’s disease
Giau, V. V., An, S. S. A., & Hulme, J. (2018) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2018.09.033 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Wood, A. H. R., Chappell, H. F., & Zulyniak, M. A. (2021) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-021-02655-4 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Naturally Occurring Antioxidant Therapy in Alzheimer’s Disease
Collins, A. E., Saleh, T. M., & Kalisch, B. E. (2022) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox11020213 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Fink, H. A., Linskens, E. J., MacDonald, R. H., Silverman, P. C., McCarten, J. R., Talley, K. M., Forte, M. L., Desai, P. J., Nelson, V. A., Miller, M. A., et al. (2020) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m19-3887 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
CD36 in Alzheimer’s Disease: An Overview of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targeting
Dobri, A.-M., Dudău, M., Enciu, A., & Hinescu, M. E. (2020) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.11.003 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Wen, J., Satyanarayanan, S. K., Li, A., Yan, L., Zhao, Z., Yuan, Q., Su, K., & Su, H. (2023) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2023.10.018 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Dietary fatty acids and the aging brain
Cole, G. M., Ma, Q., & Frautschy, S. A. (2010) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00345.x · Cited by 79 · see citing works
The role of long chain fatty acids and their epoxide metabolites in nociceptive signaling
Wagner, K. M., Vito, S., İnceoğlu, B., & Hammock, B. D. (2014) · Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators · doi:10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2014.09.001 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Nutrient synergy: definition, evidence, and future directions
Townsend, J. R., Kirby, T. O., Sapp, P. A., Gonzalez, A. M., Marshall, T. M., & Esposito, R. (2023) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1279925 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Remington, R., Bechtel, C., Larsen, D., Samar, A., Page, R., Morrell, C., & Shea, T. B. (2016) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-151098 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Joseph, K. M. D., & ., M. (2015) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-015-1542-0 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Simonian, N. A. (1996) · The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.36.1.83 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Fiala, M., Halder, R. C., Sagong, B., Ross, O., Sayre, J. W., Porter, V. R., & Bredesen, D. E. (2015) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.14-264218 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Lipids in Pathophysiology and Development of the Membrane Lipid Therapy: New Bioactive Lipids
Torres, M., Parets, S., Fernández-Díaz, J., Beteta-Göbel, R., Rodríguez-Lorca, R., Román, R., Lladó, V., Rosselló, C. A., Fernández‐García, P., & Escribá, P. V. (2021) · Membranes · doi:10.3390/membranes11120919 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Decandia, D., Gelfo, F., Landolfo, E., Balsamo, F., Petrosini, L., & Cutuli, D. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24065921 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Brainard, J. S., Jimoh, F. O., Deane, K. H., Biswas, P., Donaldson, D. H., Maas, K., Abdelhamid, A. S., Hooper, L., Ajabnoor, S. M., AlAbdulghafoor, F., et al. (2020) · Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2020.02.022 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
He, S., Xu, Z., & Han, X. (2025) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-025-00803-6 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Morris, G., Walder, K. R., Puri, B. K., Berk, M., & Maes, M. H. J. (2015) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-015-9392-y · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Cancer and Alzheimer’s disease: intracellular pH scales the metabolic disorders
Schwartz, L. H., Pérès, S., Jolicœur, M., & Moreira, J. D. V. (2020) · Biogerontology · doi:10.1007/s10522-020-09888-6 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neurodegenerative Disorders: Role of Nutritional Supplementation
Mantle, D., & Hargreaves, I. P. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms232012603 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Kosti, R. I., Kasdagli, M., Kyrozis, A., Orsini, N., Λάγιου, Π., Taiganidou, F., & Naska, A. (2021) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuab078 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Functional Foods: An Approach to Modulate Molecular Mechanisms of Alzheimer’s Disease
Atlante, A., Amadoro, G., Bobba, A., & Latina, V. (2020) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells9112347 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Biochemical deficits and cognitive decline in brain aging: Intervention by dietary supplements
Poddar, J., Pradhan, M., Ganguly, G., & Chakrabarti, S. (2018) · Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy · doi:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2018.04.002 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Zhang, X., Hou, W.-S., Li, M., & Tang, Z. (2015) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-015-0381-9 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Yang, T., & Zhang, F. (2020) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.120.314804 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Zhou, X., Li, Y., Shi, X., & Ma, C. (2016) · PubMed Central · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Lipoic acid and lipoic acid analogs in cancer metabolism and chemotherapy
Bingham, P. M., Stuart, S. D., & Zachar, Z. (2014) · Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1586/17512433.2014.966816 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Cederholm, T. (2016) · Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care · doi:10.1097/mco.0000000000000350 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
New Approaches to Treating Alzheimer's Disease
Zheng, H., Fridkin, M., & Youdim, M. B. H. (2015) · Perspectives in Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.4137/pmc.s13210 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Tancheva, L. P., Lazarova, M. I., Alexandrova, A., Dragomanova, S., Nicoletti, F., Tzvetanova, E., Hodzhev, Y., Kalfin, R. E., Miteva, S., Mazzon, E., et al. (2020) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox9010049 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Walia, V., Kaushik, D., Mittal, V., Kumar, K., Verma, R., Parashar, J., Akter, R., Rahman, M. H., Bhatia, S., Al-Harrasi, A., et al. (2022) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-021-02617-1 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Rangel-Huerta, Ó. D., & Gil, Á. (2017) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nux064 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Ahmed, O. A. A., El‐Say, K. M., Aljaeid, B. M., Badr-Eldin, S. M., & Ahmed, T. A. (2018) · International Journal of Nanomedicine · doi:10.2147/ijn.s187470 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Sharman, M. J., Gyengési, E., Liang, H., Chatterjee, P., Karl, T., Li, Q.-X., Wenk, M. R., Halliwell, B. B., Martins, R. N., & Münch, G. W. (2019) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2018.11.026 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Lipoic acid protects dopaminergic neurons in LPS-induced Parkinson’s disease model
Li, Y., He, Q. W., Yu, J., Liu, C., Feng, L., Chai, Z., Wang, Q., Zhang, H., Zhang, G., Xiao, B., et al. (2015) · Metabolic Brain Disease · doi:10.1007/s11011-015-9698-5 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Alpha-lipoic Acid: An Antioxidant with Anti-aging Properties for Disease Therapy
Shanaida, M., Lysiuk, R., Мykhailenko, O., Hudz, N., Abdulsalam, A., Гонтова, Т. М., Oleshchuk, O., Ivankiv, Y. I., Shanaida, V., Литкін, Д. В., et al. (2024) · Current Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/0109298673300496240416114827 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Mitochondria as a therapeutic target in Alzheimer's disease
Wang, J., & Chen, G. (2016) · Genes & Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.gendis.2016.05.001 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Modulation of innate immunity of patients with Alzheimer's disease by omega‐3 fatty acids
Fiala, M., Kooij, G., Wagner, K. M., Hammock, B. D., & Pellegrini, M. A. (2017) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.201700065r · Cited by 44 · see citing works
- Authors
- Shinto, L., Quinn, J., Montine, T., Dodge, H. H., Woodward, W., Baldauf-Wagner, S., Waichunas, D., Bumgarner, L., Bourdette, D., Silbert, L., & Kaye, J.
- Affiliations
- Oregon Health & Science University (US)
- University of Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Shinto, Lynne
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Alzheimer's Disease
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2013-10-29
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 111-120
- ISSN
- 1387-2877 (ISSN-L)
- 1875-8908
- PMC
- PMC3886557
- OpenAlex
- W1528771930
- Cited by
- 288
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 13
- FWCI
- 19.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Alzheimer s Disease (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (AG‐08017)
- National Institute on Aging (AG 08017, P30AG008017, R21AG023805)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01RR00334, M01RR000334, UL1RR024140)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, omega-3 fatty acids
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, Analysis of Variance, Cognition Disorders, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Thioctic Acid, Male, Mental Status Schedule, Middle Aged, Pilot Projects, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, F2-Isoprostanes
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
