Cited by 200Alzheimer's disease research and treatmentsNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsDementia and Cognitive Impairment Research

The metal ion hypothesis of Alzheimer’s disease and the anti-neuroinflammatory effect of metal chelators

Chen, Li-Lin, Fan, Yong-Gang, Zhao, Ling-Xiao, Zhang, Qi, Wang, Zhan-You·2023·Bioorganic Chemistry

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by the β-amyloid protein (Aβ) deposition and tau hyperphosphorylation, is the most common dementia with uncertain etiology. The clinical trials of Aβ monoclonal antibody drugs have almost failed, giving rise to great attention on the other etiologic hypothesis regarding AD such as metal ions dysmetabolism and chronic neuroinflammation. Mounting evidence revealed that the metal ions (iron, copper, and zinc) were dysregulated in the susceptible brain regions of AD patients, which was highly associated with Aβ deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation, neuronal loss, as well as neuroinflammation. Further studies uncovered that iron, copper and zinc could not only enhance the production of Aβ but also directly bind to Aβ and tau to promote their aggregations. In addition, the accumulation of iron and copper could respectively promote ferroptosis and cuproptosis. Therefore, the metal ion chelators were recognized as promising agents for treating AD. This review comprehensively summarized the effects of metal ions on the Aβ dynamics and tau phosphorylation in the progression of AD. Furthermore, taking chronic neuroinflammation contributes to the progression of AD, we also provided a summary of the mechanisms concerning metal ions on neuroinflammation and highlighted the metal ion chelators may be potential agents to alleviate neuroinflammation under the condition of AD. Nevertheless, more investigations regarding metal ions on neuroinflammation should be taken into practice, and the effects of metal ion chelators on neuroinflammation should gain more attention. Running title: Metal chelators against neuroinflammation.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106301

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258 of 258 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Metal dyshomeostasis can lead to oxidative stress, which is linked to amyloidosis and tauopathy.

    “This hypothesis suggests that metal dyshomeostasis can lead to oxidative stress, which is linked to various pathological events in AD, such as amyloidosis and tauopathy.”
  • The metal ion hypothesis examines dysregulation of copper, zinc, and iron, which plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of AD.

    “The metal ion hypothesis examines the dysregulation of metal ions, particularly copper, zinc, and iron, which plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of AD.”

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Authors
Chen, L.-L., Fan, Y.-G., Zhao, L.-X., Zhang, Q., & Wang, Z.-Y.
Affiliations
China Medical University (CN)
Corresponding author
Wang, Zhan-You
Venue
Bioorganic Chemistry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2023-02
Volume
131
Pages
106301
ISSN
0045-2068 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4310077403
Cited by
200
References
258
Citations by year
2026: 45 · 2025: 65 · 2024: 60 · 2023: 30
FWCI
5.33
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Bioorganic Chemistry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (82001162, 92049106)
  • Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (LJKZ0736)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, iron, copper, zinc, metal chelators, neuroinflammation, amyloid-beta, tau hyperphosphorylation, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, amyloid fibril formation
MeSH terms
Neuroinflammatory Diseases, Alzheimer Disease, Chelating Agents, Copper, Humans, Ions, Iron, Metals, Zinc, Amyloid beta-Peptides

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