Emotional signals from faces, bodies and scenes influence observers' face expressions, fixations and pupil-size
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We receive emotional signals from different sources, including the face, the whole body, and the natural scene. Previous research has shown the importance of context provided by the whole body and the scene on the recognition of facial expressions. This study measured physiological responses to face-body-scene combinations. Participants freely viewed emotionally congruent and incongruent face-body and body-scene pairs whilst eye fixations, pupil-size, and electromyography (EMG) responses were recorded. Participants attended more to angry and fearful vs. happy or neutral cues, independent of the source and relatively independent from whether the face body and body scene combinations were emotionally congruent or not. Moreover, angry faces combined with angry bodies and angry bodies viewed in aggressive social scenes elicited greatest pupil dilation. Participants' face expressions matched the valence of the stimuli but when face-body compounds were shown, the observed facial expression influenced EMG responses more than the posture. Together, our results show that the perception of emotional signals from faces, bodies and scenes depends on the natural context, but when threatening cues are presented, these threats attract attention, induce arousal, and evoke congruent facial reactions.
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This result agrees with psychological and social studies of Gu et al. (2013) and Kret et al. (2013).
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From Multimodal emotional state recognition using sequence-dependent deep hierarchical features (2015) · cites this paper as Kret et al. (2013)
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- Authors
- Kret, M. E., Roelofs, K., Stekelenburg, J. J., & de Gelder, B.
- Affiliations
- University of Amsterdam (NL)
- Tilburg University (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Kret, Mariska E.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2013
- Volume
- 7
- Pages
- 810-810
- ISSN
- 1662-5161 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3866922
- OpenAlex
- W2138269750
- Cited by
- 168
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 4.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Human Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Research portal (Tilburg University) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation
- European Commission (FP6-NEST, COBOL FP6-NEST-043403)
- Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (400.04081)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Emotion and Mood Recognition
- Keywords
- emotional signals, facial expressions, posture, natural images, eye fixations, pupil dilation, electromyography, emotional valence, attentional capture, arousal, threat perception
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