Decoding of four movement directions using hybrid NIRS-EEG brain-computer interface
Open accessAbstract
The hybrid brain-computer interface (BCI)'s multimodal technology enables precision brain-signal classification that can be used in the formulation of control commands. In the present study, an experimental hybrid near-infrared spectroscopy-electroencephalography (NIRS-EEG) technique was used to extract and decode four different types of brain signals. The NIRS setup was positioned over the prefrontal brain region, and the EEG over the left and right motor cortex regions. Twelve subjects participating in the experiment were shown four direction symbols, namely, "forward," "backward," "left," and "right." The control commands for forward and backward movement were estimated by performing arithmetic mental tasks related to oxy-hemoglobin (HbO) changes. The left and right directions commands were associated with right and left hand tapping, respectively. The high classification accuracies achieved showed that the four different control signals can be accurately estimated using the hybrid NIRS-EEG technology.
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Current BCI systems do not have ability to decode movement intention, instead use imagination based tasks for control.
“The current BCI systems do not have the ability to decode movement intention, instead they use imagination based tasks for control (Hong and Nguyen, 2014; Khan et al., 2014; Hong et al., 2015).”
From Selectivity and Longevity of Peripheral-Nerve and Machine Interfaces: A Review. (2017) · cites this paper as Khan et al., 2014
The Discussion states that this study decoded four intended movements using a hybrid BCI, contrary to the claim that current BCI systems cannot decode movement intention. The Introduction also specifies that its left and right commands came from hand tapping, not imagination-based tasks. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Khan, M. J., Hong, M. J., & Hong, K.-S.
- Affiliations
- Pusan National University (KR)
- Columbia University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hong, Keum-Shik
- Venue
- Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2014-04-28
- Volume
- 8
- Pages
- 244-244
- ISSN
- 1662-5161 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4009438
- OpenAlex
- W1974893143
- Cited by
- 280
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 42 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 8
- FWCI
- 20.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Human Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Research Foundation
- National Research Foundation of Korea
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technology
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology
- Keywords
- hybrid brain-computer interface, near-infrared spectroscopy, EEG, prefrontal cortex, motor cortex, oxyhemoglobin, hand tapping, brain signal classification
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