Cited by 102Psychometric Methodologies and TestingAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesMental Health Research Topics

Measurement Invariance of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 Across Gender in a Sample of Chinese University Students

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Lu, Shan, Hu, Shuqing, Guan, Yuhuan, Xiao, Jing, Cai, Dan, Gao, Zhihua, Sang, Zhiqin, Wei, Jie +2 more·2018·Frontiers in Psychology

Abstract

The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) has three 7-item subscales (depression, anxiety, and stress). The current study aims assess the gender-based measurement invariance of the DASS-21 questionnaire in a Chinese university student sample from five different cities. The sample was composed of 13208 participants (62.3% female, mean age of 19.7 years, SD age = 1.8). Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis revealed full measurement invariance for the three subscales. The findings support the measurement invariance of DASS-21 scores across gender. Future research on the DASS should include additional validation across ethnicities, and testing of all versions of the scale.

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Authors
Lu, S., Hu, S., Guan, Y., Xiao, J., Cai, D., Gao, Z., Sang, Z., Wei, J., Zhang, X., & Margraf, J.
Affiliations
  • Capital Normal University (CN)
  • Shanghai Normal University (CN)
  • North China University of Science and Technology (CN)
  • Nanjing University (CN)
  • Guizhou University of Finance and Economics (CN)
  • Ruhr University Bochum (DE)
Corresponding author
  • Lu, Shan
  • Xiao, Jing
Venue
Frontiers in Psychology
Published
2018-10-31
Volume
9
Pages
2064-2064
ISSN
1664-1078 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2898877065
Cited by
102
References
37
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 3
FWCI
6.98
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Frontiers in Psychology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (31771223)
  • Ministry of Education, India
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
Keywords
measurement invariance, gender differences, depression, anxiety, stress, Chinese university students, psychometric validation, multi-group confirmatory factor analysis

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