The short version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS‐21): Factor structure in a young adolescent sample

Szabó, Marianna

doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.05.014

Cited by 400Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentPsychometric Methodologies and Testing

The short version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS‐21): Factor structure in a young adolescent sample

Szabó, Marianna·2010·Journal of Adolescence

DOI 10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.05.014

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Abstract

This study explored the factor structure of the short form of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS‐21; Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995b) in a young adolescent sample. A group of 484 high school students ( Mean age = 13.62 years, Min = 11.83, Max = 15.67 years, 52 % boys) completed the DASS‐21. Several models were tested using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. A model consistent with the factor structure of the adult DASS, with correlated error terms, provided good fit to the data. However, correlations among the factors were very high. A ‘quadripartite’ model involving a common ‘Negative Affect’ factor as well as the three specific factors of Depression, Anxiety and Tension/Stress was tested to explain these correlations and was supported by the data. This model suggests that the core symptoms of Depression and Anxiety are similar in adults and adolescents, but the conceptualisation and assessment of Tension/Stress in adolescents needs further refinement.

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The symptom measure selected has been used and validated in a non-clinical adolescent population.
“The symptom measure selected has been used and validated in a non-clinical adolescent population [47–49].”
From Acceptance and commitment therapy universal prevention program for adolescents: a feasibility study. (2017) · cites this paper as [48]
In an adolescent population, the DASS-21 is reported to have a Cronbach's alpha of .87 for Depression, .79 for Anxiety, and .83 for Stress subscales.
“In an adolescent population, the DASS-21 is reported to have a Cronbach's alpha of .87 for Depression, .79 for Anxiety and .83 for the Stress subscales (Szabó, 2010).”
From A randomized controlled trial of strong minds: A school-based mental health program combining acceptance and commitment therapy and positive psychology (2016) · cites this paper as Szabó, 2010

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Authors: Szabó, M.
Affiliations: The University of Sydney (AU)
Corresponding author: Szabó, Marianna
ORCID: Szabó, Marianna
Venue: Journal of Adolescence
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2009-06-26
Volume: 33
Issue: 1
Pages: 1-8
ISSN: 0140-1971 (ISSN-L)
1095-9254
DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.05.014
OpenAlex: W1990460844
Cited by: 400
References: 34
Citations by year: 2026: 14 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 44 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 8.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Journal of Adolescence (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Keywords: DASS, factor structure, adolescents, depression, anxiety, stress, tension, negative affect, high school students, psychometric validation
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Anxiety, Child, Depression, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Severity of Illness Index, Stress, Psychological, Reproducibility of Results

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The short version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS‐21): Factor structure in a young adolescent sample

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