Autistic Symptoms in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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BACKGROUND: Recent studies have examined the association between autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia spectrum disorders, describing a number of cognitive features common to both conditions (e.g., weak central coherence, difficulties in set-shifting, impairment in theory of mind). Several studies have reported high levels of autistic symptoms in population with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Our study systematically reviews and quantitatively synthetizes the current evidence on the presence of autistic symptoms in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, CINHAL, and Embase databases was performed from the date of their inceptions until March 2018. The primary outcome measure was the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). As secondary outcome measures, we analysed the AQ subscales. Data were extracted and analyzed by using a conservative model and expressed by standardized mean difference (SMD). RESULTS: Thirteen studies comprising a total of 1958 individuals were included in the analysis. Results showed that individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders have higher levels of autistic symptoms compared to healthy controls [SMD: 1.39, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11 to 1.68] and lower levels of autistic symptoms compared to individuals with autism (SMD: -1.27, 95% CI: -1.77 to -0.76). CONCLUSIONS: Current findings support that individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders have higher autistic symptoms than healthy controls. Therefore, further studies are needed in order to shed light on the association between these two conditions.
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Autism spectrum disorder shares clinical overlap with schizophrenia and similar PV-IN abnormalities.
“ASD shares many overlaps with schizophrenia, not just on a clinical scale, but also with similar PV-IN abnormalities [39].”
From Parvalbumin interneuron vulnerability and brain disorders (2021) · cites this paper as [39]
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- Authors
- De Crescenzo, F., Postorino, V., Siracusano, M., Riccioni, A., Armando, M., Curatolo, P., & Mazzone, L.
- Affiliations
- Mental Health Center of Denver (US)
- University of Rome Tor Vergata (IT)
- University of Geneva (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Mazzone, Luigi
- ORCID
- Venue
- Frontiers in Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2019-02-21
- Volume
- 10
- Pages
- 78-78
- ISSN
- 1664-0640 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6393379
- OpenAlex
- W2912969681
- Cited by
- 143
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 3.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Cineca Institutional Research Information System (Tor Vergata University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Keywords
- autism symptoms, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, autism spectrum disorder, Autism Spectrum Quotient, weak central coherence, set-shifting, theory of mind, comorbidities
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