Farmer Mental Health Interventions: A Systematic Review
Open accessAbstract
The prevalence of mental health disorders and suicide amongst agricultural producers is a global problem. Community leaders, researchers, policymakers, and clinicians have mobilized to develop programs to address this issue. This study reviewed a wide range of mental health interventions targeting farmer mental health spanning over 50 years and examined their reported effectiveness and constraints. A total of ninety-two articles on farmer mental health were included in a final systematic review. Most articles were written concerning mental health literacy and peer and paraprofessional support interventions in the United States and Australia. Among the 56 studies reporting empirical evaluative data, 21 were mixed-method, 20 quantitative, 11 qualitative, and 5 literature synthesis. Non-experimental, self-reported, and qualitative data suggest efficacy of mental health literacy programs, peer and paraprofessional support, and community-based and agroecological interventions. However, most interventions were not subject to rigorous evaluation and only one intervention was evaluated using a control condition. The heterogeneity of existing studies and paucity of rigorous evaluation proscribes firm conclusions related to program-type efficacy. This review demonstrates that there is still a need for a stronger and broader evidence base in the field of farmer mental health interventions, which should focus on both holistic, multi-component programs and targeted approaches.
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Farmers are at particular risk of mental health disorders.
“Recent systematic reviews indicate that farmers are at particular risk of mental health disorders [1, 2].”
From Improving the mental health of farmers: what types of remote support are acceptable, feasible, and improve outcomes? A feasibility RCT (2024) · cites this paper as [2]
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- Authors
- Younker, T., & Radunovich, H. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Florida (US)
- Corresponding author
- Younker, Terasa
- Venue
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2021-12-26
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 244
- ISSN
- 1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8751007
- OpenAlex
- W4200496793
- Cited by
- 115
- References
- 134
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 7
- FWCI
- 1.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Institute of Food and Agriculture (2019-70028-30434)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Agriculture and Farm Safety
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Keywords
- farmer mental health, farmers, mental health interventions, mental health literacy, peer support, paraprofessional support, community-based intervention, agroecology, suicide prevention, intervention effectiveness, evidence base
- MeSH terms
- Farmers, Agriculture, Mental Disorders, Humans, Mental Health, Suicide
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