Polyester-Based (Bio)degradable Polymers as Environmentally Friendly Materials for Sustainable Development
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This review focuses on the polyesters such as polylactide and polyhydroxyalkonoates, as well as polyamides produced from renewable resources, which are currently among the most promising (bio)degradable polymers. Synthetic pathways, favourable properties and utilisation (most important applications) of these attractive polymer families are outlined. Environmental impact and in particular (bio)degradation of aliphatic polyesters, polyamides and related copolymer structures are described in view of the potential applications in various fields.
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PLLA and its enantiomer PDLA can form a stereocomplex (sc-PLA).
“Additionally, PLLA and its enantiomer PDLA can form a stereocomplex (sc-PLA).”
From Correlative characterization of stereocomplex formation in blends of aliphatic polyester P(PCL <sub> <i>m</i> </sub> - <i>b</i> -PLLA <sub> <i>n</i> </sub> ) multiblock-copolymers and PDLA (2026) · cites this paper as [8]
Section 4.1, Table 1 identifies PLLA as poly(l-lactide) and PDLA as poly(d-lactide), but does not say they form a stereocomplex. Searches for “stereocomplex” and for blends of the two polymers found no passage in our copy addressing stereocomplex formation; page numbers were not available. (LLM, conf=0.72)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredsc-PLA formation is driven by nucleation through CH3•••O=C hydrogen bonding and/or van der Waals forces between L-lactide and D-lactide unit sequences.
“sc-PLA formation is driven by nucleation through CH 3 •••O=C hydrogen bonding and/or van der Waals forces between L-lactide and D-lactide unit sequences.8”
From Correlative characterization of stereocomplex formation in blends of aliphatic polyester P(PCL <sub> <i>m</i> </sub> - <i>b</i> -PLLA <sub> <i>n</i> </sub> ) multiblock-copolymers and PDLA (2026) · cites this paper as [8]
Sections 4.1 and 4.2 discuss PLA synthesis, stereochemical structure, and crystallinity, but the passages found do not address stereocomplex PLA formation or its nucleation mechanism. Searches for stereocomplexation, CH3•••O=C hydrogen bonding, and van der Waals interactions did not locate support for the attributed mechanism in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.70)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredStructure-phase and structure-property relations in PLA multiblock copolymers are not fully understood compared to homopolymers, copolymers, and diblock copolymers.
“The structure-phase and structure-property relations in multiblock copolymers (MBCs) of PLA are not fully understood, compared to homopolymers, copolymers and DCs, though studies on other MBCs suggest similarities as well as peculiarities of MBCs compared to diblock copolymers.8,17,21”
From Correlative characterization of stereocomplex formation in blends of aliphatic polyester P(PCL <sub> <i>m</i> </sub> - <i>b</i> -PLLA <sub> <i>n</i> </sub> ) multiblock-copolymers and PDLA (2026) · cites this paper as [8]
Section 4.2 (page unavailable) says PLA architecture and crystallinity affect material properties, but it does not assess how well structure–phase or structure–property relations are understood for PLA multiblock copolymers. Searches for multiblock copolymers, diblock comparisons, and the claimed knowledge gap found no passage addressing that comparison. (LLM, conf=0.74)
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- Authors
- Rydz, J., Sikorska, W., Kyulavska, M., & Christova, D.
- Affiliations
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BG)
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials (PL)
- Corresponding author
- Rydz, Joanna
- Venue
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2014-12-29
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 564-596
- ISSN
- 1422-0067 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4307263
- OpenAlex
- W2055520654
- Cited by
- 303
- References
- 185
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 7
- FWCI
- 0.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- European Commission (316086)
- European Regional Development Fund (POIG.01.03.01-00-018/08)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Polymer crystallization and properties
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Polymer composites and self-healing
- Keywords
- polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyamide, aliphatic polyesters, polymer synthesis, biodegradation, environmental impact of polymers, sustainable materials, polymer applications
- MeSH terms
- Bacteria, Biodegradation, Environmental, Environmental Pollutants, Fungi, Hydrolysis, Models, Molecular, Nylons, Polyesters
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