Cue-Elicited Anxiety and Alcohol Craving as Indicators of the Validity of ALCO-VR Software: A Virtual Reality Study
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Background: This study is part of a larger project aiming to develop a virtual reality (VR) software to be implemented as a clinical tool for patients diagnosed with alcohol use disorder (AUD). The study is based on previous research in which we identified factors that elicit craving for alcohol in a sample of AUD patients, and which led to the development of a virtual reality software to be used in cue exposure treatments of alcohol use disorder (ALCO-VR). The main objective of this study was to test the effectiveness of ALCO-VR to elicit cue-induced craving and anxiety responses among social drinkers (SD) and AUD patients. Our secondary objective was to explore which responses (cue-induced craving or anxiety) can best differentiate between AUD patients and the SD group. Method: Twenty-seven individuals (13 AUD patients and 14 SD) participated in this study after giving written informed consent. Their anxiety and alcohol craving levels were measured by different instruments at different stages of the procedure. The VR equipment consisted of Oculus Rift technology, and the software consisted of the ALCO-VR platform. Results: Our data indicate that the ALCO-VR software can elicit responses of anxiety and alcohol craving, especially in the group of AUD patients. The cue-induced anxiety response differentiated AUD patients and the SD group better than the cue-induced craving response. Conclusions: The general interest in applying new technologies to the assessment and treatment of mental health disorders has led to the development of immersive real-life simulations based on the advantages of VR technology. Our study concluded that the ALCO-VR software can elicit anxiety and craving responses and that cue-induced anxiety responses can distinguish between AUD and SD groups better than cue-induced craving. The data on craving and anxiety were assessed consistently by different instruments. In addition, we consider that ALCO-VR is able to ecologically assess cue-induced anxiety and alcohol craving levels during exposure to VR alcohol-related environments.
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Novel VR programs may be helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of individuals affected by distinct substance abuse disorders, such as alcohol use disorder, by inducing craving with specific cues.
“novel VR programs that may be helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of individuals affected by distinct substance abuse disorders, such as alcohol use disorder (AUD), by inducing craving with specific cues”
From Virtual reality and psychedelics for the treatment of psychiatric disease: A systematic literature review (2020) · cites this paper as Ghiţă et al., 2019
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- Authors
- Ghiţă, A., Hernández-Serrano, O., Fernández-Ruiz, Y., Monras, M., Ortega, L., Mondon, S., Teixidor, L., Gual, A., Porras-García, B., Ferrer-García, M., & Gutiérrez-Maldonado, J.
- Affiliations
- Universitat de Barcelona (ES)
- Universitat de Girona (ES)
- Addictive Behaviors Unit, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona (ES)
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d’ Hebron 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Medicine
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2019-08-02
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1153
- ISSN
- 2077-0383 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6723764
- OpenAlex
- W2964580605
- Cited by
- 30
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 4
- FWCI
- 3.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Universitat de Girona Digital Repository (Universitat de Girona) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- Dipòsit Digital de la Universitat de Barcelona (Universitat de Barcelona) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- RECERCAT (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad (2016I078)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- alcoholism, alcohol craving, virtual reality exposure therapy, social drinkers, alcohol cues, immersive simulation
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