Cited by 526Folate and B Vitamins ResearchPorphyrin Metabolism and DisordersNutrition and Health Studies

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Vitamin B12 in Health and Disease

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O’Leary, Fiona, Samman, Samir·2010·Nutrients

DOI 10.3390/nu2030299PMC PMC3257642

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Abstract

Vitamin B(12) is essential for DNA synthesis and for cellular energy production.This review aims to outline the metabolism of vitamin B(12), and to evaluate the causes and consequences of sub-clinical vitamin B(12) deficiency. Vitamin B(12) deficiency is common, mainly due to limited dietary intake of animal foods or malabsorption of the vitamin. Vegetarians are at risk of vitamin B(12) deficiency as are other groups with low intakes of animal foods or those with restrictive dietary patterns. Malabsorption of vitamin B(12) is most commonly seen in the elderly, secondary to gastric achlorhydria. The symptoms of sub-clinical deficiency are subtle and often not recognized. The long-term consequences of sub-clinical deficiency are not fully known but may include adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes, vascular, cognitive, bone and eye health.

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Authors: O’Leary, F., & Samman, S.
Affiliations: The University of Sydney (AU)
Corresponding author: Samman, Samir
ORCID: O’Leary, Fiona
Samman, Samir
Venue: Nutrients
Publisher: MDPI AG
Published: 2010-03-05
Volume: 2
Issue: 3
Pages: 299-316
ISSN: 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3390/nu2030299
PMC: PMC3257642
OpenAlex: W2165998744
Cited by: 524
References: 100
Citations by year: 2026: 91 · 2025: 71 · 2024: 56 · 2023: 61 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 42 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 0.85
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (vor)
Locations: Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Folate and B Vitamins Research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Porphyrin Metabolism and Disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutrition and Health Studies
Keywords: vitamin B12, vitamin B12 metabolism, dietary intake, malabsorption, achlorhydria, vegetarians, restrictive diets, pregnancy outcomes, cognitive health, bone health, eye health, vascular health
MeSH terms: Absorption, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cognition Disorders, Female, Food, Humans, Male, Neural Tube Defects, Nutritional Requirements, Osteoporosis, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Vitamin B 12, Vitamin B 12 Deficiency, Biomarkers

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