In Vitro and Ex Vivo Models for Screening Topical Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Open accessAbstract
Skin inflammation occurs as an immune response to various stimuli such as ultraviolet light, irritants, or any type of skin barrier injury. Finding safe and effective drugs to combat skin inflammation remains a research challenge. Ethical and legal considerations in animal testing encourage the development of in vitro and ex vivo models for the detection of skin inflammation. This report presents an updated review of non-animal study models available for screening drugs with anti-inflammatory potential. It includes a description of the basic methods used to inhibit protein denaturation and red blood cell membrane stability. Three in vitro inhibition assay methods for enzymes relevant to the skin inflammatory process are then described. The development of cell culture models is described: relatively simple and easy-to-produce two-dimensional (2D) skin cell cultures that allow assessment of response to a given stimulus, three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures that better mimic human skin physiology by more accurately replicating mechanical and chemical signals, and vascularized 3D skin models with dynamic perfusion and microfluidic devices known as skin on a chip. Finally, ex vivo skin models are presented that could more accurately represent human skin in terms of structure, cell signaling mechanisms, and absorption effects. Although the current development of models without the use of animals is promising, improvements and refinements are needed to make the models more suitable as screening platforms for topical anti-inflammatory drugs.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
2D models are not suitable for emulating the relationship between skin and microbiota because they lack the stratum corneum, causing microorganisms to contact proliferating keratinocytes and fibroblasts (which does not happen in vivo), and because bacteria grow faster than human cells, preventing maintenance for more than 24 h.
“Even the 2D models are not suitable for the development of systems capable of emulating the relationship between skin and microbiota. In fact, they lack the stratum corneum, and so the microorganisms would come in direct contact with proliferating keratinocytes and fibroblasts, which does not happen in vivo; moreover, these systems are disadvantaged by the faster growth rate of bacteria compared”
From Recreating Human Skin In Vitro: Should the Microbiota Be Taken into Account? (2024) · cites this paper as [28]
Split into 2 atoms — 0 confirmed, 2 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Topographical and Temporal Diversity of the Human Skin Microbiome
Grice, E. A., Kong, H. H., Conlan, S., Deming, C. B., Davis, J., Young, A. C., Program, N. C. S., Bouffard, G. G., Blakesley, R. W., Murray, P. R., et al. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1171700 · Cited by 2,953 · see citing works
The skin: an indispensable barrier
Proksch, E., Brandner, J. M., & Jensen, J. (2008) · Experimental Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0625.2008.00786.x · Cited by 2,054 · see citing works
Is it time to start transitioning from 2D to 3D cell culture?
Jensen, C., & Teng, Y. (2020) · Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences · doi:10.3389/fmolb.2020.00033 · Cited by 1,640 · see citing works
Skin immune sentinels in health and disease
Nestle, F. O., Meglio, P. D., Qin, J., & Nickoloff, B. J. (2009) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2622 · Cited by 1,431 · see citing works
Hayden, M. S., & Ghosh, S. (2011) · Cell Research · doi:10.1038/cr.2011.13 · Cited by 1,120 · see citing works
Compartmentalized Control of Skin Immunity by Resident Commensals
Naik, S., Bouladoux, N., Wilhelm, C., Molloy, M. J., Salcedo, R., Kastenmuller, W., Deming, C., Quinones, M., Koo, L., Conlan, S., et al. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1225152 · Cited by 1,092 · see citing works
Pivotal Role of Dermal IL-17-Producing γδ T Cells in Skin Inflammation
Cai, Y., Shen, X., Ding, C., Qi, C., Li, K., Li, X., Jala, V. R., Zhang, H., Wang, T., Zheng, J., et al. (2011) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2011.08.001 · Cited by 1,031 · see citing works
The pig: a model for human infectious diseases
Meurens, F., Summerfield, A., Nauwynck, H., Saif, L., & Gerdts, V. (2012) · Trends in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.tim.2011.11.002 · Cited by 999 · see citing works
Mechanisms regulating skin immunity and inflammation
Pasparakis, M., Haase, I., & Nestle, F. O. (2014) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri3646 · Cited by 896 · see citing works
The Impact of Food Bioactives on Health
Verhoeckx, K. C. M., Cotter, P., López-Expósito, I., Kleiveland, C., Lea, T., Mackie, A. R., Requena, T., Swiatecka, D., & Wichers, H. J. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-16104-4 · Cited by 816 · see citing works
The Dynamics of the Skin’s Immune System
Nguyen, A. V., & Soulika, A. M. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20081811 · Cited by 719 · see citing works
Ellis, S., Lin, E. J., & Tartar, D. (2018) · Current Dermatology Reports · doi:10.1007/s13671-018-0234-9 · Cited by 625 · cited 2× · see citing works
“stimulate monocytes to differentiate into M1 macrophages [25].”
BackgroundSystemic inflammation after trauma
Lenz, A. M., Franklin, G. A., & Cheadle, W. G. (2007) · Injury · doi:10.1016/j.injury.2007.10.003 · Cited by 605 · see citing works
The immunology of the porcine skin and its value as a model for human skin
Summerfield, A., Meurens, F., & Ricklin, M. E. (2015) · Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2014.10.023 · Cited by 551 · see citing works
The Immune Functions of Keratinocytes in Skin Wound Healing
Piipponen, M., Li, D., & Xu, N. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21228790 · Cited by 521 · see citing works
Anatomy of a Discovery: M1 and M2 Macrophages
Mills, C. D. (2015) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2015.00212 · Cited by 449 · see citing works
The role of lipoxygenases in pathophysiology; new insights and future perspectives
Mashima, R., & Okuyama, T. (2015) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2015.08.006 · Cited by 421 · see citing works
Skin-on-a-chip model simulating inflammation, edema and drug-based treatment
Wufuer, M., Lee, G., Hur, W., Jeon, B., Kim, B. J., Choi, T. H., & Lee, S. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep37471 · Cited by 356 · see citing works
Pig and guinea pig skin as surrogates for human in vitro penetration studies: A quantitative review
Barbero, A. M., & Frasch, H. F. (2008) · Toxicology in Vitro · doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2008.10.008 · Cited by 354 · see citing works
The multitasking organ: recent insights into skin immune function.
Meglio, P. D., Perera, G., & Nestle, F. (2011) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2011.12.003 · Cited by 343 · see citing works
Anti-inflammatory and side effects of cyclooxygenase inhibitors.
Süleyman, H., Demircan, B., & Karagöz, Y. (2007) · PubMed · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Comparison of bacterial microbiota in skin biopsies from normal and psoriatic skin
Fahlén, A., Engstrand, L. G., Baker, B. S., Powles, A. V., & Fry, L. (2011) · Archives of Dermatological Research · doi:10.1007/s00403-011-1189-x · Cited by 304 · see citing works
Clinically resolved psoriatic lesions contain psoriasis-specific IL-17–producing αβ T cell clones
Matos, T. R., O’Malley, J. T., Lowry, E. L., Hamm, D. E., Kirsch, I. R., Robins, H. S., Kupper, T. S., Krueger, J. G., & Clark, R. A. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci93396 · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Nanocarrier-based topical drug delivery for the treatment of skin diseases
Gupta, M., Agrawal, U., & Vyas, S. P. (2012) · Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery · doi:10.1517/17425247.2012.686490 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Pumpless microfluidic platform for drug testing on human skin equivalents
Abaci, H. E., Gledhill, K., Guo, Z., Christiano, A. M., & Shuler, M. L. (2014) · Lab on a Chip · doi:10.1039/c4lc00999a · Cited by 267 · see citing works
The cutaneous innate immune response in patients with atopic dermatitis
Kuo, I., Yoshida, T., Benedetto, A. D., & Beck, L. A. (2013) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2012.12.1563 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Fournière, M., Latire, T., Souak, D., Feuilloley, M. G. J., & Bedoux, G. (2020) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms8111752 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Niehues, H., Bouwstra, J. A., El Ghalbzouri, A., Brandner, J. M., Zeeuwen, P. L. J. M., & van den Bogaard, E. H. (2018) · Experimental Dermatology · doi:10.1111/exd.13531 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Inflammation, Cancer and Oxidative Lipoxygenase Activity are Intimately Linked
Wisastra, R., & Dekker, F. J. (2014) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers6031500 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Langerhans Cells: Sensing the Environment in Health and Disease
Deckers, J., Hammad, H., & Hoste, E. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.00093 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Tomura, M., Hata, A., Matsuoka, S., Shand, F. H. W., Nakanishi, Y., Ikebuchi, R., Ueha, S., Tsutsui, H., Inaba, K., Matsushima, K., et al. (2014) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep06030 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Frevert, C. W., Felgenhauer, J. L., Wygrecka, M., Nastase, M. V., & Schaefer, L. (2018) · Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry · doi:10.1369/0022155417740880 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
In vitro anti-inflammatory and skin protective properties of Virgin coconut oil
Varma, S. R., Sivaprakasam, T. O., Arumugam, I., Dilip, N., Raghuraman, M., Pavan, K. B., Rafiq, M., & Paramesh, R. (2018) · Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.06.012 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
van den Bogaard, E. H. J., Tjabringa, G. S., Joosten, I., Vonk-Bergers, M., van Rijssen, E., Tijssen, H. J., Erkens, M., Schalkwijk, J., & Koenen, H. J. P. M. (2013) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1038/jid.2013.417 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
The role of TRADD in death receptor signaling
Pobezinskaya, E. L., & Liu, Z.-G. (2012) · Cell Cycle · doi:10.4161/cc.11.5.19300 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Osman, N. I., Sidik, N. J., Awal, A., Adam, N. I., & Rezali, N. I. (2016) · Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.5455/jice.20160731025522 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Yuki, T., Tobiishi, M., Kusaka-Kikushima, A., Ota, Y., & TOKURA, Y. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0161759 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Skin-on-a-chip models: General overview and future perspectives
Risueño, I., Valencia, L., Jorcano, J. L., & Velasco, D. (2021) · APL Bioengineering · doi:10.1063/5.0046376 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
The role of lipoxygenases in epidermis
Krieg, P., & Fürstenberger, G. (2013) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.08.005 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Gledhill, K., Guo, Z., Umegaki-Arao, N., Higgins, C. A., Itoh, M., & Christiano, A. M. (2015) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0136713 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Müller, Q., Beaudet, M., Serres‐Bérard, T. D., Bellenfant, S., Flacher, V., & Berthod, F. (2018) · Acta Biomaterialia · doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2018.10.011 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Human αβ and γδ T Cells in Skin Immunity and Disease
Cruz, M. S., Diamond, A., Russell, A., & Jameson, J. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01304 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Human Microbiome: Composition and Role in Inflammatory Skin Diseases
Balato, A., Cacciapuoti, S., Caprio, R. D., Marasca, C., Masarà, A., Raimondo, A., & Fabbrocini, G. (2018) · Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis · doi:10.1007/s00005-018-0528-4 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Mohsen‐Kanson, T., Hafner, A.-L., Wdziekonski, B., Takashima, Y., Villageois, P., Carrière, A., Svensson, M. K. E., Bagnis, C., Chignon‐Sicard, B., Svensson, P., et al. (2013) · Stem Cells · doi:10.1002/stem.1607 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Human skin explant model for the investigation of topical therapeutics
Neil, J. E., Brown, M. B., & Williams, A. C. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-78292-4 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Khiabani, A. B., Yarmand, B., Sharifi‐Asl, S., & Mozafari, M. (2019) · Materials Chemistry and Physics · doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2019.122003 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Simulating Inflammation in a Wound Microenvironment Using a Dermal Wound‐on‐a‐Chip Model
Biglari, S., Le, T. Y. L., Tan, R. P., Wise, S. G., Zambon, A., Codolo, G., de Bernard, M., Warkiani, M. E., Schindeler, A., Naficy, S., et al. (2018) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.201801307 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Xiao, S., Yu, H., Xie, Y., Guo, Y., Fan, J., & Yao, W. (2020) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.jep.2020.113516 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Houston, D. M. J., Bugert, J. J., Denyer, S. P., & Heard, C. M. (2016) · European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.11.014 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
In Vitro Models Mimicking Immune Response in the Skin
Moon, S., Kim, D. H., & Shin, J. U. (2021) · Yonsei Medical Journal · doi:10.3349/ymj.2021.62.11.969 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Atopic Dermatitis Studies through In Vitro Models
Vuyst, É. D., Salmon, M., Evrard, C., de Rouvroit, C. L., & Poumay, Y. (2017) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2017.00119 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
T‐cell subsets in the skin and their role in inflammatory skin disorders
Krohn, I. K., Aerts, J. L., Breckpot, K., Goyvaerts, C., Knol, E. F., van Wijk, F., & Gutermuth, J. (2021) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/all.15104 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Hwang, J.-H., Jeong, H., Lee, N., Hur, S., Lee, N., Han, J. J., Jang, H. W., Choi, W. K., Nam, K. T., & Lim, K. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22020657 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Haisma, E. M., Rietveld, M. H., de Breij, A., van Dissel, J. T., Ghalbzouri, A. E., & Nibbering, P. H. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0082800 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Decoys and Regulatory “Receptors” of the IL-1/Toll-Like Receptor Superfamily
Garlanda, C., Riva, F., Bonavita, E., Gentile, S., & Mantovani, A. (2013) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2013.00180 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Shao, S., Chen, J., Swindell, W. R., Tsoi, L. C., Xing, X., Ma, F., Uppala, R., Sarkar, M. K., Plazyo, O., Billi, A. C., et al. (2021) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.151911 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Eberlin, S., da Silva, M. S., Facchini, G., da Silva, G. H., Pinheiro, A. L. T. A., Eberlin, S., & Pinheiro, A. D. S. (2020) · Alternatives to Laboratory Animals · doi:10.1177/0261192920914193 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Features of the Skin Microbiota in Common Inflammatory Skin Diseases
Ferček, I., Lugović‐Mihić, L., Tambić-Andrašević, A., Ćesić, D., Grginić, A. G., Bešlić, I., Mravak‐Stipetić, M., Štefanović, I. M., Buntić, A.-M., & Čivljak, R. (2021) · Life · doi:10.3390/life11090962 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Clarysse, K., Pfaff, C. M., Marquardt, Y., Huth, L., Krohn, I. K., Kluwig, D., Lüscher, B., Gutermuth, J., & Baron, J. M. (2018) · Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · doi:10.1111/jdv.15301 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
The role of keratinocytes in inflammation
Juráňová, J., Franková, J., & Ulrichová, J. (2017) · Journal of Applied Biomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.jab.2017.05.003 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Current advances in skin-on-a-chip models for drug testing
Zhang, Q., Sito, L., Mao, M., He, J., Zhang, Y. S., & Zhao, X. (2018) · Microphysiological Systems · doi:10.21037/mps.2018.08.01 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Development of Skin-On-A-Chip Platforms for Different Utilizations: Factors to Be Considered
Ponmozhi, J., Dhinakaran, S., Varga‐Medveczky, Z., Fónagy, K., Bors, L. A., Iván, K., & Erdő, F. (2021) · Micromachines · doi:10.3390/mi12030294 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Paul, S., Modak, D., Chattaraj, S., Nandi, D., Sarkar, A., Roy, J., Chaudhuri, T. K., & Bhattacharjee, S. (2021) · Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1186/s43094-020-00163-6 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Involvement of 15‐lipoxygenase in the inflammatory arthritis
Wu, M., Lin, T., Chiu, Y., Liou, H., Yang, R., & Fu, W. (2012) · Journal of Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1002/jcb.24098 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Moni, J. N. R., Adnan, M., Tareq, A. M., Kabir, M. I., Reza, A. S. M. A., Nasrin, S., Chowdhury, K. H., Sayem, S. A. J., Rahman, M. A., Alam, A. K., et al. (2021) · Life · doi:10.3390/life11020155 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
It’s Time to Reconsider The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique
Balls, M. (2020) · Alternatives to Laboratory Animals · doi:10.1177/0261192920911339 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Seidel, J. A., Vukmanovic‐Stejic, M., Müller-Durovic, B., Patel, N. P., Fuentes‐Duculan, J., Henson, S. M., Krueger, J. G., Rustin, M. H. A., Nestle, F. O., Lacy, K. E., et al. (2018) · Clinical & Experimental Immunology · doi:10.1111/cei.13189 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Khiabani, A. B., Bahrampour, S., Mozafari, M., & Gasik, M. I. (2021) · Ceramics International · doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2021.10.088 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Understanding the structure and function of the skin.
Richardson, M. (2003) · PubMed · Cited by 36 · see citing works
In vitro and In vivo Models for Anti-inflammation: An Evaluative Review
Eze, F. I., Uzor, P. F., Peter, I. E., Obi, B. C., & Osadebe, P. O. (2019) · INNOSC Theranostics and Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.36922/itps.v2i2.775 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Toda, K., Tsukayama, I., Nagasaki, Y., Konoike, Y., Tamenobu, A., Ganeko, N., Ito, H., Kawakami, Y., Takahashi, Y., Miki, Y., et al. (2020) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/j.abb.2020.108307 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Chandrakanthan, M., Handunnetti, S. M., Premakumara, G. A. S., & Kathirgamanathar, S. (2020) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2020/2035671 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
In-vivo and in-vitro screening of medicinal plants for their anti-inflammatory activity: an overview
Phanse, M. A., Patil, M. J., Abbulu, K., Chaudhari, P. D., & Patel, B. (2012) · Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science · doi:10.7324/japs.2012.2704 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Thibane, V. S., Ndhlala, A. R., Finnie, J. F., & Staden, J. V. (2018) · South African Journal of Botany · doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2018.06.001 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Schmidt, C. (2020) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41587-020-0473-8 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Bourrain, M., Ribet, V., Calvez, A., Lebaron, P., & Schmitt, A.-M. (2013) · European Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1684/ejd.2013.2210 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Abdelouahab, N., & Heard, C. M. (2009) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.04.017 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
In vitro skin culture media influence the viability and inflammatory response of primary macrophages
Griffoni, C., Neidhart, B., Yang, K., Groeber-Becker, F. K., Maniura‐Weber, K., Dandekar, T., Walles, H., & Rottmar, M. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-86486-7 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Phospholipase A2 activities in skin physiology and pathology
Dan, P., Rosenblat, G., & Yedgar, S. (2012) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.07.023 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Jourdan, E., Trompezinski, S., Weber, S., Cadars, B., Larue, F., Ardiet, N., Chavagnac‐Bonneville, M., & Sayag, M. (2016) · Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology · doi:10.2147/ccid.s110655 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Acheva, A., Schettino, G., & Prise, K. M. (2017) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00082 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Noor, A., & Babu, S. N. (2019) · Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine · doi:10.4103/2221-1691.271726 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
2D vs. 3D Cell Culture Models for In Vitro Topical (Dermatological) Medication Testing
Teimouri, A., Yeung, P. K. F., & Agu, R. U. (2019) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.79868 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Carola, C., Salazar, A., Rakers, C., Himbert, F., Do, Q., Bernard, P., & von Hagen, J. (2021) · Mediators of Inflammation · doi:10.1155/2021/6652791 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Activity-Guided Characterization of COX-2 Inhibitory Compounds in Waltheria indica L. Extracts
Termer, M., Carola, C., Salazar, A., Keck, C. M., Hemberger, J., & von Hagen, J. (2021) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules26237240 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Anti-inflammatory effect of different PRGF formulations on cutaneous surface
Anitua, E., Pino, A., Aspe-Unanue, L., Martínez, M., García-Salvador, A., Goñi‐de‐Cerio, F., & Troya, M. (2021) · Journal of Tissue Viability · doi:10.1016/j.jtv.2021.02.011 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Skin Disease Models In Vitro and Inflammatory Mechanisms: Predictability for Drug Development
Hennies, H. C., & Poumay, Y. (2021) · Handbook of experimental pharmacology · doi:10.1007/164_2020_428 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Recent Progress in Skin‐on‐a‐Chip Platforms
Cui, M., Wiraja, C., Zheng, M., Singh, G., Yong, K., & Xu, C. (2021) · Advanced Therapeutics · doi:10.1002/adtp.202100138 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
An ex vivo skin model to probe modulation of local cutaneous arachidonic acid inflammation pathway
Heard, C. M. (2020) · Journal of Biological Methods · doi:10.14440/jbm.2020.319 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
3D Organoid Culture Using Skin Keratinocytes Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Miyake, T., & Shimada, M. (2021) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/7651_2021_357 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Silvestrini, B., & Silvestrini, M. (2022) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.108018 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Mokdad, R., Seguin, C., Fournel, S., Frisch, B., Heurtault, B., & Hadjsadok, A. (2022) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121452 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Retos de los comités de ética en investigación en animales. Experiencia de México
Antúnez, A. P. H., Cantón, B. V., & Santillán‐Doherty, P. (2021) · Revista de Bioética y Derecho · doi:10.1344/rbd2021.51.32563 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Neil, J. E., Brown, M. B., Lenn, J. D., & Williams, A. C. (2022) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121648 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Samuel, A. J., & Mulla, N. S. S. (2020) · Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics · doi:10.22270/jddt.v10i1.3837 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Kola-Mustapha, A. T., & Khalid-Salako, F. A. (2021) · Phytomedicine Plus · doi:10.1016/j.phyplu.2021.100033 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
(2019) · doi:10.5772/intechopen.73709 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Wu, X., Shi, Z., Hsu, D. K., Chong, J., Huynh, M., Mendoza, L., Yamada, D., & Hwang, S. T. (2020) · Journal of Dermatological Science · doi:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.08.005 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
¿Qué son los inflamosomas? El NLRP3 como ejemplo
Montaño, L. F., van der Goes, T. I. F., & Rendon‐Huerta, E. P. (2017) · Revista de la Facultad de Medicina (México) · Cited by 2 · see citing works
García-Candela, E., Pariona-Velarde, D., & Pablo Londoñe, B. (2017) · Revista Peruana de Medicina Integrativa · doi:10.26722/rpmi.2017.23.59 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- García Barreno, P. Inflamación. Cienc. Exact. Fís. Nat. 2008, 102, 91-159. Available online: http://www.rac.es/ficheros/doc/0068 1.pdf (accessed on 21 January 2023).
- Kindt, T.J.; Goldsby, R.A.; Osborne, B.A.; Kuby, J. Kuby Immunology, 6th ed.; W.H. Freeman: New York, NY, USA, 2007; pp. 350-356.
- Sarkar, B.K.; Arya, J.C.; Pal, S.; Dogra, P.; Atteri, S.; Patial, B.; Babu, G.; Meena, A.K. Preparation, standardization and evaluation of preliminary anti-inflammatory activity of herbal formulation of Citrullus colocynthis. J. Adv. Sci. Res. 2021, 12, 127-131.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A human ex vivo skin model breaking boundaries
Wurbs, A., Karner, C., Vejzović, D., Singer, G., Pichler, M., Liegl‐Atzwanger, B., & Rinner, B. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-75291-7 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Chitosan non-particulate vaccine delivery systems
Masimov, R., & Wasan, E. K. (2024) · Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.3389/jpps.2024.12921 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Enhancing Transcutaneous Drug Delivery: Advanced Perspectives on Skin Models
Ribeiro, A. R., Pereira‐Leite, C., Rosado, C., Aruci, E., Colley, H. E., Krohn, I. K., Baldea, I., Pantelić, I., Fluhr, J. W., Simões, S., et al. (2024) · JID Innovations · doi:10.1016/j.xjidi.2024.100340 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Recreating Human Skin In Vitro: Should the Microbiota Be Taken into Account?
Galvan, A., Pellicciari, C., & Calderan, L. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25021165 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Sari, M. H. M., Saccol, C. P., Custódio, V. N., da Rosa, L. S., da Costa, J. S., Fajardo, A. R., Ferreira, L. M., & Cruz, L. (2024) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130864 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Devanesan, S., David, H. A., Ranjitsingh, A. J. A., Alzahim, T., Selvam, R. M. E., & Alsalhi, M. S. (2024) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2024.118632 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Retracted3D-printed tool for creating standardized burn wounds in ex vivo skin tissues
Javid, M., & Tabatabaei, F. S. (2024) · Annals of 3D Printed Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.stlm.2024.100162 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Advances in skin-on-a-chip technology: Functional innovations and translational challenges
Zhang, J., Zhang, Q., Fang, X., Guo, G. S., & Wang, X. (2025) · TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.trac.2025.118500 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Kaushal, P., & Awasthi, R. (2025) · BioNanoScience · doi:10.1007/s12668-025-02134-8 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Wu, J. ‐., Fu, Y., Wang, X., Liu, T., Zhang, X., Qu, C., Zhang, Q., Xu, S., Yang, J., & Xing, X. (2025) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2025.126203 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Nicol, É., Do, B., Vignes, M., Annereau, M., Paul, M., Wolkenstein, P., Touboul, D., & Secrétan, P.-H. (2024) · Pharmaceutical Development and Technology · doi:10.1080/10837450.2024.2405829 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self‐assembly of short biopeptides onto skin tissue components studied using QCM ‐D
Murthy, N. S., Tavasoli, E., Mammone, T., & Karaman‐Jurukovska, N. (2025) · International Journal of Cosmetic Science · doi:10.1111/ics.13044 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Anorue, E. C., Ogara, A. L., Joshua, P. E., Ibekwe, D. G., & Igbokwe, A. I. (2025) · Inflammopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s10787-025-01938-0 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Gomes, T. C., & Baby, A. R. (2026) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2026.153558 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Impact of inflammatory skin conditions on the biological profile of plasma rich in growth factor
Anitua, E., Tierno, R., de Lagrán, Z. M., & Alkhraisat, M. H. (2024) · Tissue and Cell · doi:10.1016/j.tice.2024.102560 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Navigating the neuroinflammatory network: insights from diverse cell models
Castellanos, L. C. S., Montes, M. M., Malnati, G. O. M., & Weissmann, C. (2024) · In vitro models · doi:10.1007/s44164-024-00067-2 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Grand challenges in dermatologic drug discovery: four priorities to transform skin disease treatment
Grada, A. A. (2026) · Frontiers in Drug Discovery · doi:10.3389/fddsv.2025.1752852 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Topical Formulations Containing Mentha piperita for Wound Healing: A Scoping Review
Araújo, L. G., Nova, B. G. V., & Abreu, A. G. (2026) · Chemistry & Biodiversity · doi:10.1002/cbdv.202503567 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Arjmand, B., Hamidpour, S. K., Tayanloo-Beik, A., Arjmand, R., Rezaei–Tavirani, M., Namazi, N., Ojagh, H., & Larijani, B. A. (2023) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/7651_2023_504 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Ahmad, S. M., Ganai, N. A., & Bhat, B. A. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-30252-7.00005-5 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Ashwathy, G., & Krishnakumar, K. (2026) · Pharmacological Research - Natural Products · doi:10.1016/j.prenap.2026.100782
Setiawan, M. A., Karmilah, K., Musdalipah, M., Yodha, A. W. M., Nurhikma, E., Mutmainna, A., & Rusli, N. (2026) · Sciences of Pharmacy · doi:10.58920/sciphar0504733
- Authors
- Pérez-Salas, J. L., Moreno-Jiménez, M. R., Rocha-Guzmán, N. E., González-Laredo, R. F., Medina-Torres, L., & Gallegos-Infante, J. A.
- Affiliations
- TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, UPIDET, Blvd Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote, Col Nueva Vizcaya, Durango 34080, Mexico
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
- Venue
- Scientia Pharmaceutica
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2023-04-17
- Volume
- 91
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 20
- ISSN
- 0036-8709 (ISSN-L)
- 2218-0532
- OpenAlex
- W4366282684
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 98
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 2.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Scientia Pharmaceutica (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- TecNM (13987.22-P)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal testing and alternatives
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Keywords
- topical anti-inflammatory drugs, skin inflammation, in vitro skin model, ex vivo skin model, alternatives to animal testing, skin-on-a-chip, microfluidics, enzyme inhibition assay, protein denaturation, red blood cell membrane stability, drug screening
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
